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“Inquiring Minds Want to Know”
DO NOW: Trace the fate of a ham and cheese sandwich?
HOMEWORK: Textbook pgs. 231, 233-234 Q’s 1,4 p 236
#8
Cellular Respiration
The process of releasing energy stored in the bonds of glucose to a usable form of energy for cells.
All living things must carry out respiration to produce usable energy.
Reactants (Raw materials) of Respiration
GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
Products of Respiration
ENERGY + CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER
Combustion “burning” of wood
When materials are burned energy is released in the form of heat and light.
The “burning” of glucose
Glucose is slowly broken down with the help of enzymes.
The energy released is stored in molecules of ATP.
The process occurs in the mitochondria which known as the “powerhouse” of the cell.
Review:
Define cellular respiration.
What are the raw materials of respiration?
What are the products of respiration?
Which type of organisms perform the process respiration?
The ADP ATP cycle
ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate) is a low energy molecule
When sugar or foods are “burned” the energy stored in the bonds are used to convert ADP (low energy) to ATP (high
energy).
----
ADP + P --------------------ATP
Animation
ATP- Usable form of energy
ENERGY for life functions(used by cells to do work)
Muscle cells have large amounts of mitochondria and therefore they can do great amounts of work.
Remember the energy is stored in the bonds of the
foods you eat.
ATP is then created so that its bonds can be broken to provide energy for the cells
SUMMARY
Cells usually transfer the energy that is released directly to
1. glucose2. ATP3. oxygen4. enzymes
Raw Materials?
?
?
Products?
?
?
?
Energy from organic molecules can be stored in ATP molecules as a direct result of the process of
1. cellular respiration2. cellular reproduction3. diffusion4. digestion
All life depends on the availability of usable energy. This energy is released when
1.organisms convert solar energy into the chemical energy found in food molecules
2. respiration occurs in the cells of producers and high-energy molecules enter the atmosphere
3.cells carry out the process of respiration4.animal cells synthesize starch and carbon dioxide
Which molecule is represented by X?
1. DNA2. Starch3. Protein4. ATP
diagram below represents a biochemical process.
Aim: How are organisms adapted for cellular respiration?
Homework: Photosynthesis/Cell Respiration
Review Concept Sheet
A
CB
DO NOW: Copy and complete the chart
below and answer the question below.
Why is photosynthesis an important process to all living things?
DO NOW:The diagram shows a mitochondrian.
All the arrows are associated with the process of
1. carbon fixation 2. photochemical reaction 3. synthesis 4. aerobic respiration
? ?
? glucose?
How could we investigate that CO2 is created as a waste product of cellular
respiration?
Bromoythymal Blue = Indicator for CO2 When CO2 is present
bromoylthymal blue changes
Aerobic cell respiration
Organisms use oxygen in order to “burn” glucose. This is known as aerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration releases 36 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned!
Anaerobic Respiration
Bacteria and yeast cells are able to
carry out respiration in the absence of oxygen this is called anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration releases 2 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned.
This is also called fermentation.
Summary questions:
Define cellular respiration.What are the raw materials of respiration?What are the products of respiration?Explain the relationship between glucose,
ADP and ATP?Differentiate between anaerobic and
aerobic respiration?Which type of respiration is more efficient
and why?Which organisms primarily use anaerobic
respiration?
Alcohol Fermentation
This process of converting glucose into lactic acid, acetic acid, and Ethanol (alcohol) because of an oxygen deficit.
Alcohol, bread and cider are created by a process called Alcohol fermentation.
Lactic Acid Fermentation
In humans, sometimes tired muscles burn because glucose was broken down without oxygen, this is called lactic acid fermentation. The results are sore painful muscles.
Which respiration is more efficient?
Anaerobic respiration produces only 2 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned.
Aerobic respiration produces 36 ATP molecules for every one molecule of glucose burned!
Compare and Contrast
Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Needs oxygen No oxygen needed
All organisms Some bacteria, fungi, muscles
Produces 36 ATP Produces 2 ATP
Occurs in mitochondria
Occurs in cytoplasm of the cell
The mitochondria – chloroplast connection:
Oxygen and glucose enter mitochondria and carbon dioxide is released.
Carbon dioxide enters chloroplast and oxygen and glucose are released.
The main result of aerobic respiration is the
1. conversion of radiant energy into chemical energy
2. production of lactic acid as an end product
3. storage of energy in a polysaccharide
4. production of ATP from the breakdown of glucose
Summary:
Summary
In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?
1. They both occur in chloroplasts.2. They both require sunlight.3. They both involve organic and
inorganic molecules.4. They both require oxygen and
produce carbon dioxide.
Which statement best describes substance X?
1. It is oxygen released by protein synthesis.
2. It is glucose that was produced in photosynthesis.
3. It is starch that was produced during digestion.
4. It is carbon dioxide released by respiration.
SUMMARY continued:
The energy made from respiration is used to do what by living cells?
What is muscle fatigue?What is the relationship between
photosynthesis and respiration? Where in the cell do respiration and
photosynthesis occur?
AIM: How do organisms obtain energy to perform life functions?
Do Now: Handout
Homework: Castle learning “photosynthesis and respiration”
Review:
Define cellular respiration.
What are the “GOESINTAS” (raw materials) of respiration?
What are the “COMEOUTAZ” (products) of respiration?
What type of organisms perform the process respiration?