© ABB Stotz-Kontakt GmbH 1 21-Nov-15 KNX and Energy Efficiency Gareth Rowlands ABB LTD

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KNX and Energy Efficiency

Gareth Rowlands

ABB LTD

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Input Output

100 %

Potential is not used sufficiently !

20 %

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… in Buildings

The Challenge:

Searching for the lost Energy

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What's going to drive the future?

Legislation

- Building Regulations (Low Energy Buildings Class)

- Climate Change Levy

- Availability of government sponsored grants (Tax relief)

Economic Pressure

- The simple costs of running a building

The Environment

- Social consciousness "Naming & Shaming"

- Carbon footprint

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Comfort ….

Security …

Economy ??

How ? How much ?

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Case Study: Lighting - the conventional Approach

All figures are real figures used for the investment calculation of a new office complex in the United Kingdom.

Energy Calculation

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Case Study: Lighting - the KNX Solution

Energy Calculation

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Assembly Hall + Office: Investment in KNX for

Lighting Control with Presence Detection

Connected Load: 91,5 KW

Price per KWH: 0,093 €

Reduction: 45 %

Investment: 106 T€

Saving per year: 8738 €

Return of Investment: 10 years

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University with Seminar Rooms: Comparision of two

Rooms (Energy for Light)

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University with Seminar Rooms: Comparision of two

Rooms (Energy for Heating)

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Efficiency Potential: Lighting

Automation Function Potential Savings

Influencing factors (Positive)

Constant Light Control(dimmed according to presence & brightness)

35 - 50 % - good natural lighting levels - required light levels > 300 lx- especially in combination with ST (below)

Automatic Lighting(switched according to presence & brightness)

25 - 45 % - good natural lighting levels- required light levels > 300 lx

Sunlight Automatic(blind & shutter positioning)

5 - 8 % - good natural lighting levels

Sun Tracing(Louvre angle positioning)

10 - 13 % - good natural lighting levels- especially in combination with CLC (above)

Staircase Lighting(Timed lighting)

? - areas of low usage

Source: Energieeffizienz automatisien, LonMark Deutschland e.V. Comparison to reference buildings according to DIN V 18599 or prEN 15232

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Efficiency Potential: Heating and Cooling

Automation Function Potential Savings

Influencing factors (Positive)

Timed Operating Modes 5 - 10 % - continuous operation of heating - low thermal-mass construction

Presence 5 - 10 % - long absences

Window Monitoring 5 - 10 % - low thermal-mass construction

Free Night Cooling ? - fresh air circulation must be possible

Peak Load Optimisation ? - especially air conditioning

Automatic Shading(Temperature controlled shutter positioning blinds)

5% - high natural lighting levels- external shading

Timed Shading ? - daylight warming- night time warmth retention

Source: Energieeffizienz automatisien, LonMark Deutschland e.V. Comparison to reference buildings according to DIN V 18599 or prEN 15232

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Customers ask ABB:

How can KNX help ? Potential for Savings ?

Current Situation: There are some information, sometimes with figures, rarely with fundamental background (… save up to 82 % … ?! …)

Real measurement (e.g. with comparision of buildings) is hardly available (University Bremen)

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Conclusion: Common project KNX and Energy efficiency with the university Biberach

ABB Stotz-Kontakt Busch-Jaeger Hochschule Biberach

The university Biberach offers study courses in the field of building technology and is already working on the topic energy efficiency in buildings

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Project description:

Investigation of a KNX-System with typical functions (Lighting, Shutter and blinds, HVAC) with defined conditions (Type of building, different user profiles) regarding possible savings

Consideration and calculation of the possible savings based upon DIN V 18599 and prEN 15232 in combination with existing softwaretools

Integration of products from ABB, including measurement of standby losses

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Project progress: Start: November 2007 Finalized by the University Biberach until November 2008 Followed by a preparation of the data for publication (Summary and

Presentation)

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Objection: Own consumption of the additional devices undo the possible savings Investigation of the university Biberach Typical own consumption of a KNX component: app. 200 mW

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Room Temperature Control: conventional …

Thermostat Stage 5 - does not work for sure !

Problem:

Discipline of

the user

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Room Temperature Control: conventional … Thermostat Stage 3 - may be it works ?

Problem:

Accuracy

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Room Temperature Control: intelligent …

It works !

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Room Temperature Control: intelligent…

Presence depending

Precise

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Room Temperature Control: intelligent …

Time depending

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Room Temperature Control: intelligent … Event driven

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A typical example: Heating - conventional

Comfort 20ºC

not occ

upied

Aftern

oon less

on

Even

ing

class

es

Night 16ºC

mean room temperature ~ 19.5 ºC

Morni

ng le

sson

s

04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00

Comfort 21ºC

School Classroomnot o

ccupied

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A typical example: Heating - according to demand

04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00

not o

ccup

ied

Aftern

oon

lesso

n

Even

ing

class

es

Night 16ºC mean room temperature ~ 17.5ºC

Mor

ning

less

ons

Comfort 21ºC

Standby 18ºC

They say: A temperature reduction of 1ºC can mean energy savings of 6%.

not o

ccup

ied

School Classroom

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Lighting Control: conventional …

Illumination turned on, sun from outside, nobody in the room

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Lighting Control:

intelligent …

Presence depending

Constant Light

Control

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Blind control: conventional …Sun is shining, Blinds completely closed, Light on

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Blind Control: intelligent …

Sun is shining, Noon, Lamellas horizontal

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Sun shines , Afternoon, Lamellas slightly closed

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Sun shines, evening, Lamella almost completely closed

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Conjunction of a few Functions:

Winter: Sun shines, no Person present, Light on, Blinds up, Heating Standby Mode Winter: Sun shines, Person present, Licht on, Blinds in Position, Heating Comfort Mode Winter: Sun does not shine, Person present, Light controlled, Blinds up, Heating Comfort Mode Winter (Weekend): Sun does not shine, no Person present Light off, Blinds down, Heating in Frost Protection Mode

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Conjunction of a few Functions:

Summer: Sun shines, no Person present, Light on, Blind down, AC Standby Mode Summer: Sun shines, Person present, Light on, Blinds in Position, AC Comfort Mode Summer: Sun does not shine, Person present, Light controlled, Blinds up, AC Comfort Mode Summer (Weekend): Sun does not shine, no Person present Light off, Blinds down, AC off

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Conclusion:

An intelligent and energy saving solution e.g. in an office building should be as follows:

Presence Detection Constant Light Control Room Temperature Control Shutter control depending on sun position

All in one system

One consistent solution

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Integration of Energy Meter

Visualisierung

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Why measuring electrical Energy ?

Save Energy and Costs

Inspection of consumers behaviour Consumption becomes transparent Fair splitting of costs Internal billing Detection of “Energy Thieves” Creation of incentives for cost saving Change of consumers behaviour Approach for automation Load management Monitoring of the installation

+

"If you cannot measure it, you cannot

improve it."

Lord Kelvin

1824 -1907

$

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Documents

© ABB Stotz-Kontakt GmbH 1 21-Nov-15 KNX and Energy Efficiency Gareth Rowlands ABB LTD