ˆ˙ˆ%ˆ˘ˆ ˆ˘’˚# - Ironman FabricationsWire Gauge Conversion 338 Material Strengths 338 Sheets / Tonne 339 Standard Conversions 340 Calculation of Volume 341 Calculation of

Reference

Section

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Contents

Reference

Amada Reference Section

Amada have compiled some useful data which may assist engineers in the daily business of

sheet metal design and production.

The information and data contained within this reference section is for guidance purposes only.

Amada cannot accept any responsibility for typographical errors or mistakes contained herein.

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Page

General

SI Units of Measurement 336

Mechanical Properties 336

Hardness Conversions 337

Wire Gauge Conversion 338

Material Strengths 338

Sheets / Tonne 339

Standard Conversions 340

Calculation of Volume 341

Calculation of Area and Centre

of Gravity 342

Tapping: Drill Sizes 344

Page

Press Brake

Air Bending Tonnage Calculation 345

Air Bending Tonnage Chart: Mild Steel 346

Air Bending Tonnage Chart:

Stainless Steel 347

Hemming Tonnages 348

Bend Allowance - 90˚: Mild Steel 349

Bend Allowance - 90˚: Stainless Steel 350

Bend Allowance - 90˚: Aluminium 350

Punch Press

Tonnage Calculation 351

Minimum Hole Diameter 351

Burring Hole Reference Chart 352

Countersink Hole Reference Chart 352

Correct Tool Heights 353

Die Clearances 353

e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.amada.co.uk337

Hardness

ConversionsThe table below shows the approximate hardness equivalent according to

Rockwell Hardness.

Rockwell Hardness CVickers Hardness

Brinell Hardness -Shore Hardness

Scale (3) Ball 10mm Dia’ / Load: 3,000kgf

(HRC) (HV)Standard Ball Tungsten Carbide

(HS)(HB) Ball (HB)

68 940 - - 97

67 900 - - 95

66 865 - - 92

65 832 - 739 91

64 800 - 722 88

63 772 - 705 87

62 746 - 688 85

61 720 - 670 83

60 697 - 654 81

59 674 - 634 80

58 653 - 615 78

57 633 - 595 76

56 613 - 577 75

55 595 - 560 74

54 577 - 543 72

53 560 - 525 71

52 544 500 512 69

51 528 487 496 68

50 513 475 481 67

49 498 464 469 66

48 484 451 455 64

47 471 442 443 63

46 458 432 432 62

45 446 421 421 60

44 434 409 409 58

43 423 400 400 57

42 412 390 390 56

41 402 381 381 55

40 392 371 371 54

39 382 362 362 52

38 372 353 353 51

37 363 344 344 50

36 354 336 336 49

35 345 327 327 48

34 336 319 319 47

33 327 311 311 46

32 318 301 301 44

31 310 294 294 43

30 302 286 286 42

29 294 279 279 41

28 286 271 271 41

27 279 264 264 40

26 272 258 258 38

25 266 253 253 38

24 260 247 247 37

23 254 243 243 36

22 248 237 237 35

21 243 231 231 35

20 238 226 226 34

General

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SI Units

of Measurement

Mechanical Properties

SI Unit: the generic term used to describe base, supplementary and derived units of

measurement according to the International System of Units.

Toughness: the ability of the metal to withstand shock loading.

Hardness: the ability of the metal to withstand wear.

Ductility: the ability of the metal to withstand forming without fracture.

Malleability: the ability of the metal to withstand compression loads without fracture.

Tensile Strength: the resistance capacity of the metal to withstand Tension Loads.

=Load

Cross Sectional Area

Shear Strength: the resistance capacity of the metal to withstand Shear Loads.

=Load

Cross Sectional Area

Volume Unit Sign

Length Metre m

Mass Kilogram kg

Time Second s

Electric Current Ampere A

Area Metre Square m2

Volume Metre Cubic m2

Velocity Metre/Second m/s

Acceleration Metre/Second2 m/s2

DensityKilogram / Cubic

Kg/m3

Metre

FrequencyHertz Hz

Force Newton N

Pressure, Stress Pascal Pa

Energy Joule J

Work RateWatt W

Electromotive

Force Voltage V

Electric

ResistanceOhm Ω

General


Sheet / TonneThe table below shows the approximate

amount of sheets required per Tonne.

0.70 58 57 170

0.80 51 50 149

0.90 45 44 132

1.00 41 40 119

1.20 34 33 99

1.25 33 32 95

1.50 27 26 79

1.60 26 25 74

2500 1250 2.00 20 20 59

2.50 17 16 47

3.00 14 13 41

4.00 10 10 30

5.00 8 8 24

6.00 7 6 20

8.00 5 5 15

10.00 4 4 12

12.50 3 3 9

0.90 32 30 92

1.00 29 27 83

1.20 24 23 69

1.25 23 22 66

1.50 19 18 52

1.60 18 17 513000 1500

2.00 15 13 41

2.50 12 11 33

3.00 10 9 27

4.00 7 7 20

5.00 6 5 16

6.00 5 4 13

Length Width Material Thickness Sheets/Tonne Sheets/Tonne Sheets/Tonne

(mm) (mm) (mm) (approx) (approx) (approx)

0.70 91 89 266

0.80 80 78 232

0.90 71 69 208

1.00 64 62 186

1.20 53 52 155

1.25 51 50 149

1.50 43 41 125

1.60 40 39 116

2000 1000 2.00 32 31 93

2.50 26 25 74

3.00 21 20 62

4.00 16 15 46

5.00 13 12 37

6.00 11 10 31

8.00 8 7 23

10.00 7 6 18

12.50 5 5 15

Mild Steel Stainless Steel Aluminium

General

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Wire Gauge

Conversion

Material Strengths

Imperial WireMaterial




GaugeThickness

GaugeThickness

GaugeThickness

GaugeThickness

(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)

1 7.620 11 2.946 21 0.813 31 0.295

2 7.010 12 2.642 22 0.711 32 0.274

3 6.401 13 2.337 23 0.610 33 0.254

4 5.893 14 2.032 24 0.559 34 0.234

5 5.385 15 1.829 25 0.508 35 0.213

6 4.877 16 1.626 26 0.457 36 0.193

7 4.470 17 1.422 27 0.417 37 0.173

8 4.064 18 1.219 28 0.376 38 0.152

9 3.658 19 1.016 29 0.345 39 0.132

10 3.251 20 0.914 30 0.315 40 0.122

Material TypeTensile Strength - kg/mm2

Soft Hard

Tin 4-5 -

Aluminium 20 40

Duralumin 26 48

Zinc 15 25

Copper 22 - 28 30 - 40

Brass (70 - 30 ) 33 53

Brass (60 - 40 ) 38 49

Bronze 40 - 50 50 - 75

Nickel Silver 35 - 45 55 - 70

Cold Rolled Iron Sheet 32 - 38 -

Steel - 0.1%C 32 40

Steel - 0.2%C - (Typical Mild Steel) 40 50

Steel - 0.3%C 45 60

Steel - 0.4%C 56 72

Steel - 0.6%C 72 90

Steel - 0.8%C 90 110

Steel - 1.0%C 100 130

Silicon Steel Sheet 55 65

Stainless Steel Sheet 65 - 70 -

Nickel 44 - 50 57 - 63

The table below shows conversions for:

Standard Wire Gauge (SWG) - Metric (mm)

The table below shows the tensile strength (soft - hard) for a range of materials.

General


Calculation

of VolumeThe tables below show the calculation required to

find the cubic volume of various solids.

Truncated Cylinder Volume (v)

v = π d2 h4

= π d2 h1 + h2

4 2

Pyramid Volume (v)

v = h A = h arn3 6

A = Area of Base

r = Radius of inscribed circle

a = Length of a side of regular

polygon

n = Number of sides

Circular Cone Volume (v)

v = π r2 h3

= 1.0472 r2 h

Sphere Volume (v)

v = 4 π r3 = 4.1888 r3

3

= π d3 = 0.5236 d3

6

[ ]

General

d

h 1

h 2

h

a

h

h

r

D

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Standard Conversions

Heat Energy

Imperial Factor Metric

British Thermal Unit 1054.8 Joules

Fuel Consumption


Gallons/Mile 2.825 Litres/Kilometre

Miles/Gallon 0.354 Kilometres/Litre

Pressure / Stress


Pounds/Square Inch 0.06804 Bar

Pounds/Square Inch 0.000703 Kilogram/Metre²

Force


Pounds Force 0.2248 Newton

Pounds Force 2.2046 Kilograms Force

Volume


Cubic Yards 0.7646 Cubic Metres

Cubic Feet 0.0283 Cubic Metres

Cubic Inches 16.3871 Cubic Centimetres

Velocity


Miles/Hour 1.6093 Kilometres/Hour

Feet/Second 0.3048 Metres/Second

Feet/Minute 0.0051 Metres/Second

Capacity


Gallons 4.546 Litres

US Gallons 3.785 Litres

Quarts 1.137 Litres

Pints 0.568 Litres

Gills 0.142 Litres

Length


Miles 1.6093 Kilometres

Yards 0.9144 Metres

Feet 0.3048 Metres

Inches 25.4 Millimetres

Inches 2.54 Centimetres

Weight


Tons 1016.05 Kilograms

Tons 1.016 Tonnes

Hundred Weight 50.8023 Kilograms

Quarters 12.7006 Kilograms

Stones 6.3503 Kilograms

Pounds 0.4536 Kilograms

Ounces 28.3495 Grams

Area


Square Miles 2.59 Square Kilometres

Square Miles 258.999 Hectares

Acres 4046.86 Square Metres

Acres 0.4047 Hectares

Square Yards 0.8361 Square Metres

Square Feet 0.0929 Square Metres

Square Feet 929.03 Square Centimetres

Square Inches 645.16 Square Millimetres

Square Inches 6.4516 Square Centimetres

To convert to metric: multiply by the factor shown.

To convert to imperial: divide by the factor shown.

Note: Some conversions are approximate.

General


Calculation of

Area and Centre of GravityThe table below show the calculation required to

find the area and centre of gravity of various sections.

Section Sectional Area (A)Distance of

Gravitational Centre (e)

2.828 r2 0.924 r2

b = a

1 + 2

0.8284 a2

= 0.4142 a

π r2 = π d2 d4 2

r2 (1 - π ) e1 = 0.2234 r2

e2 = 0.7766 r

= 0.2146 r2

πab a

π x r2 e1 = 0.4244 r

2

e2 = 0.5756 r

π x r2 e1 = 0.4244 r

4

e2 = 0.5756 r

General

e

r

a

e

b b

2 b 2

2 b 2

h

e

r

r

r

e 2

e 1

b

a

2r

r e 1

e 2

e 2

e 1

r

r

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Calculation of

Area and Centre of GravityThe table below show the calculation required to

find the area and centre of gravity of various sections.

Section Sectional Area (A)Distance of

Gravitational Centre (e)

bh h

2

h2 h

2

h2 h 2

2

bh 2 h2 3

(2b + b1) h 1 x 3b + 2b1 x h2 3 2b + b1

3 3 x r2 3 r = 0.866 r2 4

= 2.598 r2

3 3 x r2

r2

= 2.598 r2

General

b

e h

h

e h

h

e

h

b

h e

b 1

2 b

b

e h

b 1

2

r e

e

r


Air Bending

Tonnage CalculationTo calculate the Tonnage required to perform air bending per 1 metre length, the following

information is required:

If t = material thickness

Typical Tensile Strength:

Mild Steel = 40kg/mm2

Stainless Steel = 60kg/mm2

Aluminium = 30kg/mm2

Formula:

Bend Force/metre = C x t2 x Material Tensile Strength

V - Width

Example

2.0mm Thick Stainless Steel

Die V - Width = 12mm

1.40 x 22 x 60 = 28 Tonnes/Metre

12

V - Width 5 x t 6 x t 8 x t 10 x t 12 x t 16 x t

Bend Factor (C) 1.45 1.40 1.33 1.28 1.24 1.20

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Tapping:

Drill SizesThe table below shows the British Standard tap sizes and

the drill size required for a cut thread.

The table below shows the British Standard tap sizes and

the drill size required for a roll thread.

Note: These sizes are calculated to provide 60 to 75 per cent of full thread.

The table below shows the American Standard tap sizes and

the drill size required.

M4 3.30

Nominal Size &Drill Size (mm)


Thread Dia. Thread Dia.

M2 1.60 M5 4.20

M2.5 2.05 M6 5.00

M3 2.50 M8 6.80

M3.5 2.90 M10 8.50

M4 3.70



Thread Dia. Thread Dia.

M2 1.80 M5 4.60

M2.5 2.30 M6 5.60

M3 2.80 M8 7.40

M3.5 3.20 M10 9.30

Size of Screw No. of Threads/inch Drill Size (mm)

4 40 2.261

6 32 2.705

8 32 3.454

10 24 3.797

10 32 4.038

General


Press Brake


Stainless SteelHow to Read the Pressure Chart

If the material thickness and inner radius are known, the following

information can be obtained from the chart below:

1. Tonnage required to bend material of 1 metre length

2. V-width to be used

3. Minimum bend flange length

Material Thickness and V-Width

The distance across the die opening is known as the V-width. The appropriate V-width should

be selected in accordance with the thickness of material being bent. The table below shows the

optimum relationship between the material thickness and V-width, although in practice this

relationship is often determined by specific requirements, including flange lengths (b), the

components inner bend radius (ir) and the tonnage capacity of the machine and tooling.

Relationship of Material Thickness (t) and V-Width

4 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 160t

2.8 4 5 5.5 7 8.5 10 11 13.5 14 17.5 22 28 35 45 55 71 89 113mm

0.7 1 1.1 1.3 1.6 2 2.3 2.6 3 3.3 4 5 6.5 8 10 13 16 20 26

0.5 6 5

0.6 9 6 6 6

0.7 12 8 8 6 6

0.8 11 11 8 7

0.9 13 12 10 8 7

1 17 15 12 11 8

1.2 21 18 15 12 11 9

1.5 20 17 15 13 12

2 33 29 26 23 20 17

2.5 39 35 30 25 19

3 51 45 36 29 23

4 65 51 41 32 26

5 78 63 50 39 32

6 90 72 57 45 36

8 102 81 65 51

10 128 101 80 63

12 144 117 90

15 180 141

20 250

25

30

200 250 V

140 175 b

33 41 ir

F

83

114

208 167

315 255

360

t Material thickness

(tensile strength: 52 - 60kg/mm2)

F Tonnage per 1 metre

ir Inner bending radius

b Minimum flange length

V V-width

Material Thickness (t) mm 0.5 - 2.5 3.0 - 8.0 9.0 - 10.0 12.0 or more

V-Width 6 x t 8 x t 10 x t 12 x t

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Press Brake


Mild SteelHow to Read the Pressure Chart

If the material thickness and inner radius are known, the following

information can be obtained from the chart below:

1. Tonnage required to bend material of 1 metre length

2. V-width to be used

3. Minimum bend flange length

Material Thickness and V-Width

The distance across the die opening is known as the V-width. The appropriate V-width should

be selected in accordance with the thickness of material being bent. The table below shows the

optimum relationship between the material thickness and V-width, although in practice this

relationship is often determined by specific requirements, including flange lengths (b), the

components inner bend radius (ir) and the tonnage capacity of the machine and tooling.

Relationship of Material Thickness (t) and V-Width

Material Thickness (t) mm 0.5 - 2.5 3.0 - 8.0 9.0 - 10.0 12.0 or more

V-Width 6 x t 8 x t 10 x t 12 x t

4 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 32 40 50 63 80 100 125 160t

2.8 4 5 5.5 7 8.5 10 11 13.5 14 17.5 22 28 35 45 55 71 89 113mm

0.7 1 1.1 1.3 1.6 2 2.3 2.6 3 3.3 4 5 6.5 8 10 13 16 20 26

0.5 4 3

0.6 6 4 4 4

0.8 7 7 5 4

1 11 10 8 7 6

1.2 14 12 10 8 7 6

1.4 15 13 11 10 9 8

1.6 17 15 13 11 10 9

2 22 19 17 15 13 11

2.3 25 23 19 17 15 12

2.6 28 25 22 18 14

3 34 30 24 19 15

3.2 34 27 22 17 14

3.5 33 26 20 16 13

4 43 34 27 21 17

4.5 44 34 27 21

5 52 42 33 26 21

6 60 48 38 30 24

7 52 41 33 26

9 67 54 43

10 85 67 53 42

12 96 78 60

16 136 107

19 150

22

25

30

200 250 V

140 175 b

33 41 ir

F

55

86

125 100

160 130

210 170

240

t Material thickness

(tensile strength: 45 - 50kg/mm2)

F Tonnage per 1 metre

ir Inner bending radius

b Minimum flange length

V V-width


Bend

Allowance - 90°

The following tables show the elongation factor (f) of mild steel, stainless steel and Aluminium

during a 90° bend.

V = V - width (mm)

t = material thickness (mm)

f = bend allowances (mm)

Example 1 - Bending 1mm mild steel in a 6mm ‘V’ die

If (f) = Elongation factor

If (d) = Blank development size

d = (20 + 40) - 2f

d = 60 - (2 x 0.87)

d = 58.26mm

Mild Steel

20.0

40.0

1.0

Press Brake

V4 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 32t

0.5 0.47 0.55 0.59 0.63 0.70

0.6 0.54 0.62 0.65 0.69 0.77 0.85

0.7 0.60 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.83 0.91 0.99

0.8 0.67 0.74 0.78 0.82 0.90 0.97 1.05 1.13

1.0 0.80 0.87 0.91 0.95 1.03 1.10 1.18 1.26 1.33 1.41

1.2 1.00 1.04 1.08 1.15 1.23 1.31 1.38 1.46 1.54

1.5 1.19 1.23 1.27 1.35 1.42 1.50 1.58 1.65 1.73 1.92

1.6 1.42 1.47 1.57 1.49 1.76 1.86 1.96 2.05 2.29

2.0 1.59 1.67 1.74 1.82 1.90 1.97 2.05 2.24

2.3 1.65 1.71 1.77 1.84 1.90 1.97 2.03 2.19

2.5 1.99 2.07 2.14 2.22 2.29 2.37 2.56

2.6 2.13 2.21 2.28 2.30 2.44 2.63

3.0 2.39 2.46 2.54 2.62 2.69 2.88

3.2 2.51 2.59 2.67 2.74 2.82 3.01

2.63

2.51

2.41

2.83

2.90

3.15

3.28

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Hemming Tonnages

Hemming is a form of bending requiring higher amounts of tonnage than standard

Air Bending.

The tables below shows the tonnage required for hemming and seaming operations.

Bending Shape

Sheet Thickness

(mm)Required Tonnage C Required Tonnage 2t

0.6 15.0 3.0 35.0 1.2

0.8 20.0 3.0 50.0 1.6

1.0 25.0 3.5 60.0 2.0

1.2 26.0 3.5 80.0 2.4

1.5 38.0 3.5 95.0 3.0

2.0 50.0 5.5 130.0 4.0

2.5 90.0 6.5 180.0 5.0

3.0 100.0 8.0 210.0 6.0

4.0 140.0 11.3 280.0 8.0

Mild Steel

Stainless Steel

Bending Shape

Sheet Thickness

(mm)Required Tonnage C Required Tonnage 2t

0.6 9.0 3.0 23.0 1.2

0.8 12.0 3.0 32.0 1.6

1.0 15.0 3.5 40.0 2.0

1.2 17.0 3.5 50.0 2.4

1.6 24.0 3.5 63.0 3.2

2.0 30.0 5.5 80.0 4.0

2.6 55.0 6.5 90.0 5.2

3.2 70.0 8.0 100.0 6.4

4.5 105.0 11.3 200.0 9.0

Note: Required tonnage is given per 1 metre length.

Note: Required tonnage is given per 1 metre length.

Press Brake

c

2t

c

2t


Tonnage

Calculation

Minimum Hole Diameter

The punching tonnage is calculated by using the following formula:

Length of the cut edge (mm) x Material Thickness (mm) x Tensile Strength (kg/mm2)

1000

Example 1

Rectangle 50 x 10 in 2.0mm Stainless Steel

Tonnage Required = (50 + 50 + 10 + 10) x (2.0) x (60)

1000

Tonnage Required = 14.4 Tonnes

Example 2

30mm Diameter in 1.5mm Mild Steel

Tonnage Required = (3.142 x 30) x (1.5) x (40)

1000

Tonnage Required = 5.7 Tonnes

As a general guideline, the following table shows the minimum diameter of a punched hole

with regards to material thickness.

t = Material Thickness

It is possible to punch smaller hits, please contact Tooling Hotline for assistance.

Material Type Minimum Hole Diameter

Mild Steel 1.0 x t

Aluminium 1.0 x t

Stainless Steel 2.0 x t

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Bend

Allowance - 90°V = V - Width (mm)

t = Material Thickness (mm)

f = bend allowances (mm)

Aluminium

Stainless Steel

Press Brake

V4 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 32t

0.5 0.52 0.63 0.69 0.75 0.86

0.6 0.58 0.69 0.75 0.80 0.92 1.03

0.7 0.64 0.75 0.81 0.86 0.98 1.09 1.20

0.8 0.70 0.81 0.87 0.92 1.04 1.15 1.26 1.37

1.0 0.82 0.94 0.99 1.05 1.17 1.29 1.40 1.52 1.64 1.75

1.2 1.05 1.10 1.16 1.27 1.38 1.50 1.61 1.72 1.83

1.5 1.23 1.28 1.34 1.45 1.56 1.67 1.79 1.90 2.01 2.29

1.6 1.34 1.40 1.51 1.62 1.73 1.85 1.96 2.07 2.35

2.0 1.64 1.74 1.85 1.96 2.07 2.18 2.28 2.55

2.3 1.81 1.93 2.04 2.15 2.26 2.37 2.49 2.77

2.5 2.04 2.16 2.27 2.38 2.49 2.60 2.88

2.6 2.22 2.33 2.44 2.55 2.66 2.94

3.0 2.45 2.56 2.68 2.79 2.90 3.18

3.2 2.57 2.68 2.80 2.91 3.02 3.30

2.74

2.93

3.16

3.28

3.34

3.57

3.69

V4 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 32t

0.5 0.40 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.54

0.6 0.46 0.50 0.53 0.55 0.60 0.65

0.7 0.52 0.56 0.59 0.61 0.66 0.71 0.76

0.8 0.58 0.62 0.65 0.67 0.72 0.77 0.82 0.87

1.0 0.69 0.74 0.77 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.06 1.11

1.2 0.86 0.89 0.91 0.96 1.01 1.06 1.11 1.15 1.20

1.5 1.04 1.07 1.09 1.14 1.19 1.24 1.29 1.33 1.38 1.50

1.6 1.13 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.39 1.44 1.56

2.0 1.40 1.45 1.49 1.54 1.58 1.63 1.67 1.79

2.3 1.57 1.62 1.67 1.72 1.76 1.81 1.86 1.98

2.5 1.74 1.79 1.83 1.88 1.93 1.98 2.10

2.6 1.85 1.89 1.94 1.99 2.04 2.16

3.0 2.09 2.13 2.18 2.23 2.28 2.40

3.2 2.20 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.40 2.52

1.73

1.94

2.15

2.27

2.33

2.57

2.69


Correct Tool Heights

The table below shows the correct tool height for Standard and NEX tooling.

Die ClearancesThe table below shows the recommended die clearances for a range of materials and

thicknesses.

Notes:

i) The figures in the above chart are given as a range, for example 0.15 - 0.20mm.

For mechanical machines choose the smaller die clearance of the range.

For hydraulic machines choose the larger die clearance of the range.

ii) For Galvatite and Zintec materials, use Mild Steel as a guide.

iii) The figures above are a guideline only. Please refer to your Machine Operators Manual for more

specific details.

Tool StyleSetting Height Punch Body Only Die Only

Thick Thin Thick Thin Thick & Thin

“A” Stn Standard 207.5 139.7 207.0 139.2 30

“A” Stn NEX 208.0 - 207.0 - 30

“B” Stn Standard 207.5 139.7 207.0 139.2 30

“B” Stn NEX 208.0 - 207.0 - 30

“B” Stn Mod’ 2000 - 139.7 - 139.2 30

“C” Stn 208.0 - 96.0 - 30

“D” Stn 209.0 140.0 84.0 70.0 30

“D” Stn PR Type - 140.0 - 25.5 30

“E” Stn 210.0 - 85.0 - 30

Note:

i) The Punch setting height is the measurement taken from the top of the Punch Assembly head to the

bottom cutting edge of the punch body, not the bottom of the guide or stripper plate.

Material Mild StainlessAluminium Copper Brass

Thick Steel Steel

0.8mm 0.15 - 0.20mm 0.20 - 0.24mm 0.15 - 0.16mm 0.15 - 0.16mm 0.15 - 0.16mm

1.0mm 0.20 - 0.25mm 0.25 - 0.30mm 0.15 - 0.20mm 0.15 - 0.20mm 0.15 - 0.20mm

1.5mm 0.30 - 0.38mm 0.37 - 0.45mm 0.22 - 0.30mm 0.22 - 0.30mm 0.22 - 0.30mm

2.0mm 0.40 - 0.50mm 0.50 - 0.60mm 0.30 - 0.40mm 0.30 - 0.40mm 0.30 - 0.40mm

2.5mm 0.50 - 0.63mm 0.62 - 0.75mm 0.37 - 0.50mm 0.37 - 0.50mm 0.37 - 0.50mm

3.0mm 0.60 - 0.75mm 0.75 - 0.90mm 0.45 - 0.60mm 0.45 - 0.60mm 0.45 - 0.60mm

3.2mm 0.64 - 0.80mm 0.80 - 0.96mm 0.48 - 0.64mm 0.48 - 0.64mm 0.48 - 0.64mm

3.5mm 0.70 - 0.88mm 0.88 - 1.05mm 0.53 - 0.70mm 0.53 - 0.70mm 0.53 - 0.70mm

4.0mm 0.80 - 1.00mm 1.00 - 1.20mm 0.60 - 0.80mm 0.60 - 0.80mm 0.60 - 0.80mm

4.5mm 0.90 - 1.13mm 1.13 - 1.35mm 0.68 - 0.90mm 0.68 - 0.90mm 0.68 - 0.90mm

5.0mm 1.00 - 1.25mm - 0.75 - 1.00mm 0.75 - 1.00mm 0.75 - 1.00mm

5.5mm 1.10 - 1.38mm - 0.83 - 1.10mm 0.83 - 1.10mm 0.83 - 1.10mm

6.0mm 1.20 - 1.50mm - 0.90 - 1.20mm 0.90 - 1.20mm 0.90 - 1.20mm

Punch Press

Tel: 01562 749500 Fax: 01562 749510

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Burring Hole

ReferenceThe table below shows the pre-pierce and burred hole sizes for Mild Steel.

Countersink Hole ReferenceThe table below shows the nominal pre-pierce hole sizes required for a countersink operation

for Mild Steel.

Screw Size

Material M2 M2.5 M2.6 M3 M4 M5 M6

Thickness x 0.4 x 0.45 x 0.45 x 0.5 x 0.7 x 0.8 x 1.0

1.0 3.5 4.5 4.8 5.7 - - -

1.2 3.5 4.5 4.5 5.3 7.3 - -

1.5 3.2 4.2 4.5 5.3 7.3 9.0 -

1.6 3.0 4.0 4.3 5.0 7.0 8.8 10.8

2.0 3.0 3.8 4.0 4.8 7.0 8.6 10.6

2.3 3.0 3.8 4.0 4.8 6.8 8.5 10.5

2.5 - - - 4.5 6.5 8.4 10.4

3.0 - - - 4.4 6.0 8.0 10.0

3.2 - - - 4.0 5.8 7.8 9.8

ø A

ø B

t

Pre-Pierced Hole (øA) Nominal

Burr Hole

(øB)

0.8mm 1.0mm 1.2mm 1.6mm 2.0mm 2.3mm

M2.6 x 0.45 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 - - 2.21

M3 x 0.5 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.7 - - 2.57

M4 x 0.7 - 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.7 3.40

M5 x 0.8 - 2.0 2.0 2.6 3.0 3.1 4.30

M6 x 1.0 - 2.0 2.0 3.4 3.8 3.8 5.10

MaterialThickness

Tap Size

Punch Press

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Notes

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Documents

ˆ˙ˆ%ˆ˘ˆ ˆ˘’˚# - Ironman FabricationsWire Gauge Conversion 338 Material Strengths 338 Sheets / Tonne 339 Standard Conversions 340 Calculation of Volume 341 Calculation of