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Introduction to CiscoVideo Surveillance

Eric Germany

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Agenda

Traditional Video Surveillance Technology

Video Surveillance Technology Convergence Factors

IP-Based Video Surveillance Technology

Cisco Video Surveillance Products

Cisco IP Cameras

Demo

Summary/Q and A

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“…the physical security environment has been dominated by analog, stand alone control systems with limited interconnectivity, digital communications, or integrated management capability.”

Trends 2007: Physical and Logical Security ConvergenceForrester Research

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Traditional Safety and Communication Systems

Radio

Access— Buildings

Paging Video

Monitoring Alarms

Voice

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Example: Safety Incident with Traditional Systems

Professor calls safety office to initiate response

protocol.

1

Fire department closes building and calls for

Hazmat.

3

Safety officer calls fire department.

2

Dean e-mails students to tell them class is

canceled in science building.

4 5

Hazmat finds fumes are toxic & nearby areas

are affected. Calls Dean.

Dean calls mayor to tell of community

impact.

6

Mayor sends police to evacuate neighborhoods.

7

Nearby elementary school starts calling parents.

8

In-transit students show up to the building for

class.

9

Chemical Spill at College Science Building Sends Fumes in the Air

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Traditional Systems Response

Actions are linearCommunication and

decision support systems

are independent

Relies heavily on

human intervention

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“Convergence is not about the unification of security into one environment, but about collaboration between environments.”

Trends 2007: Physical and Logical Security ConvergenceForrester Research

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Networked Technologies Access Control

Video Training

Digital Signage

Unified

Communications

Conferencing and Collaboration

PSAP Integration

Acoustic and Motion Sensors

Building

System Monitoring

Video Surveillance

Visitor Management

Radio

Interoperability

First Responder

Monitoring

Campus Transportation Monitoring

Location-

Based Services

IP

Network

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Safety Incident: Converged SystemsChemical Sensors Note Incident in College Science Building and Trigger Notifications via Multiple

Mediums

Dean

College Safety Department

Local fire

department

Local Police Department

Parents of Children in Nearby

School

Nearby School

Hazmat

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Converged Systems Response

Actions occur

in parallel Communication and decision

support systems are connected

and trigger policy-related

responses

Less dependent on human

intervention

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Comparison of Analog and IP Video

Analog IP

Wired and wireless cameras for anytime, anywhere surveillance on campus

Video recorded digitally for immediate access, enabling real-time incident response, investigation, and resolution on campus

Control and monitoring can be transferred to any other point on the network

Feeds can be digitally monitored to detect and flag incidents

Supports existing analog cameras or newer, IP-based cameras Flexibility to add sensors and apply analytics (e.g., facial recognition detection)

Network keeps operating, even if one link or switch goes down Every device can be continuously monitored, and an alarm raised if anything fails

Open, standards-based infrastructure enables deployment of new security applications and maximizes value of total system

Lowest total cost of ownership

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Overview of Video Surveillance Technology

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Video Surveillance System Components: Matrix Switchers

Routes multiple audio/video input signals to multiple output signals Facilitates the switching of more than one camera or VCR/DVR to more than one

monitor or VCR/DVR Centralized resource in what is most commonly a Star based topology Support for remote monitoring is enabled by extending a link from the matrix and

commonly faces a multitude of physical and cost related challenges Range in size from one RU to a dozen or more 19” equipment racks Expensive, frequently comparable on a price per port basis with large scale

Ethernet switches

PTZ

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Video Surveillance System Components: Storage/Recording

Video Camera Recorder (VCR)Outdated Technology, Poor reliability, requires manual operations

Digital Video Recorder (DVR) Digitally compresses analog feeds onto a hard drive. “Digital" refers to the compression and storage, not transmission. Most likely collocated with the analog feed it records. Typically based on COTS PC hardware with vendor specific software. Frequently used as little more than a “Digital VCR”

Network Video Recorder (NVR) Streams have already been digitally encoded and compressed at the camera/encoder. Can be PC software-based or appliance

Can be located anywhere on a network—the monitoring center, adjacent to cameras, or in a hardened environment. Location is transparent to the operator

Record and replay simultaneously, and recordings can be simultaneously viewed by multiple operators spread across the network

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Video Surveillance System Components: Cameras

Fixed CamerasType 1—lenses of different focal lengths and/or fixed or variable irises. Flexible configuration and used in most commercial CCTV systems

Type 2—fixed lens mounted on a camera circuit board (board camera), packaged in a small case, dome or tube

Low cost solution, particularly in a home or retail environment

Pan, Tilt, Zoom CamerasRotate horizontally 360°, vertically through 90° with powered zoom can be set to auto-scan or move through range of pre-sets and zooms in weatherproof domes when used outside

Analog CamerasUse a continuous signal vs. digital, breaks everything into numbers

Scan viewing area a line at a time and convert the varying intensities of red, green and blue (RGB) light into analogous electrical signals

IP CamerasEquipped with an electronic photosensitive sensor

Typically supports multiple users, and web browser accessible

Located anywhere with a network connection (Wired/Wireless)

Few are actually natively digital

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Video Surveillance System Components: Transmission Media

Coaxial cabling (75Ω)Most popular cable used

90%–99% EMI protection

Fiber OpticCapable of longer distances

No interference

Immune to EMI—Better for outdoor

Resists lightning strikes

Twisted PairCAT5/5e/6

Easiest to install

Requires transmitter and receiver

Baluns—From Coax to UTP/UTP to Coax

Cabling is more important with Video than most realize!

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Video Surveillance System Components: Analytics

Security Operators cannot effectively monitor multiple video monitors simultaneously. Studies have shown a 95% drop off in event detection after only 22 minutes of observation

Analytics process video to detect events

Integrated IP-based analytics: Real time at the Camera or Encoder (IP Gateway)

Post-processing from an operator's PC on recorded video

Identify events as they occur and provide tools to analyze previous situations.

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Video Surveillance System Components: Analytics

Erratic/suspicious behavior—stopping at more than one car in a parking lot

Congestion detection—too many people in a space

Motion detection—object/person moving across a scene

Abandoned object detection—suitcase abandoned in airport

Wrong Way flow—object/person moving against a route

Tripwire—detection and alarm upon breach of a defined line

Shape-based detection—vehicle detection

Object missing detection—object removed from a scene

Sample Algorithms/Behavior Detection:

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Video CODECs

Image Based:JPEG/JPEG2000 (Typically measured in Thousands of Bytes)

MJPEG (Motion JPEG) (Typically measured in Thousands of Bytes)

Wavelet (Typically measured in Thousands of Bytes)

Video Based:MPEG-2 (Typically 2–20 Mbps)*

MPEG-4 (Part 2) (Typically ~3 Mbps)**

H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10 + Higher Coding efficiency) (Typically 40-50% less than MPEG-4 equivalent)***

Compression

Less

More

Less

More

Compression

*Used for numerous applications and quality levels

**Four CIF at 25–30 Frames Per Second

***Four CIF at 25–30 Frames Per Second (CPU and Option Specific)

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Video Resolutions

Motion JPEGDI 4CIF CIF

720x576 720x480 704x576 704x480 352x288 352x2401080p 1920x1080720p 1280x720

D1720x576720x480

4CIF704x576704x480

CIF352x288352x240

H.2

64

Primary Stream is H.264 (Vertical Column) HD, D1, 4CIF, 1CIF

Secondary Stream is JPEG (Horizontal Columns) D1, 4CIF, 1CIF

1080p HD stream on primary - No secondary stream

Secondary stream can match Primary Resolution and Frame Rate, but not exceed it

Green supported, Red not supported

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Resolution ComparisonCIF Resolution (352x240) vs. 1080p (1920x1080)

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Resolution ComparisonD1 Resolution (720x480) vs. 1080p (1920x1080)

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Resolution Comparison720p Resolution (1280x720) vs. 1080p (1920x1080)

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Resolution Comparison1080p (1920x1080)

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Do You See a Real Difference?

30 FPS

CIF

10 FPS

CIF

30 FPS

4CIF

10 FPS

4CIF

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Example

All 2000 @ 30 fps; 4CIF

2000 cameras; 24/7 storage for 30 days

1.2 Petabytes

(1,200 TB)

500 @ 30 fps; 4CIF

500 @ 7.5 fps; 4CIF

1000 @ 15 fps; CIF

c

482 Terabytes

$4 Million $1 Million

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Cisco Video Surveillance Product Offerings

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Video Surveillance Manager Overview

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Support for numerous Edge Devices

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Scalable: Small System (Single Box)

Media Server

Virtual Matrix

Operations Manager

Internal Storage Up to 100 Cameras

Up to 18 Terabytes

Up to 100 Users

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Scalable: Nearly Unlimited Cameras and Storage

Media

ServerOperations

Manager

Virtual

Matrix

User

Workstation

Mobile

Gateway

Video

Wall

Storage System

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VCR

Sample Traditional Matrix-Based Solution

PTZ (Pan/Tilt/Zoom) Cameras

Fixed Cameras

Traditional

PhySec

Keyboards

CRT/Monitors

Analog Matrix

Switch

VCRs/

DVRs

VCR

PTZ PTZ PTZ

VCR

VCR

VCR

VCR

PTZ

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Matrix Based Solution—Hybrid Integration

Cisco Integrated Service Platforms

Decoder

Decoder

PTZ PTZ PTZ PTZ

-

RS-232

RS-485

DA

DA

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Hybrid Integration + VMS Expansion

Encoders

Cisco Integrated Service Platforms

Decoder

Decoder

Decoder

Cisco Service Platforms

-

RS-232

RS-485

DA

DA

DA

AD

AD

AD

AD

PTZ

PTZ

PTZ PTZ

SiSiSiSiSiSi

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Cisco Video Surveillance IP Camera

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Technology Breakthrough: Advanced Imaging with Wide Dynamic Range (WDR)

CMOS based digital imager and dedicated co-processor that replaces traditional CCD technology

Every pixel has its own dedicated Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) vs. CCD with only 1 ADC for an entire array

Pixel-independent shutter speed

Pixel-independent exposure

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Optimal Image in Multiple Lighting Conditions

Cisco imager can pick up details in extreme lighting conditions

Cisco Imager Typical Imager

Lack of truck detail

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Cisco Video Surveillance IP Cameras 2500 Series

CIVS-IPC-2500

FCS: March 2008

List Price: $1000

CIVS-IPC-2500W

Orderable/FCS: Q3 2008

List Price: $1250

Camera shown with optional DC auto iris lens, available separately

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Lens Availability

CIVS-IPC-VF38Fujinon 3 - 8 mm @ $130.00

CIVS-IPC-VT38Tamron 3 – 8 mm @ $130.00

CIVS-IPC-VF31 @Fujinon 3 - 11 mm @ $200.00

CIVS-IPC-VT31Tamron 3 – 11 mm @ $200.00

CIVS-IPC-VF55Fujinon 5 – 50 mm @ $285.00

CIVS-IPC-VT55Tamron 5 – 50 mm @ $285.00

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Cisco Video Surveillance IP Cameras 4500 Series

CIVS-IPC-4500 (DSP)

List Price: $1800

CIVS-IPC-4300

List Price: $1600

CIVS-IPC-4500W (DSP)

List Price: $1900

CIVS-IPC-4300W

List Price: $1700

Camera shown with optional DC auto iris lens, available separately

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Lenses

CIVS-IPC-VFM28-12Fujinon 2.8 - 12 mm @ $295

CIVS-IPC-VFM15-50Fujinon 15 – 50 mm @ $375

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Norman Island IP Dome Summary

Codename Norman Island 2400 Norman Island Indoor Vandal Resistant Norman Island Indoor

Norman Island Outdoor Vandal Resistant

DescriptionIndoor IP Dome, 2.8-10mm, Smoked

Indoor IP Dome, 2.8-10mm, Vandal Resistant

Indoor IP Dome, 2.8-10mm

Outdoor IP Dome 2.8-10mm

PID CIVS-IPC-2421CIVS-IPC-2520V, CIVS-IPC-2521V (Smoked)

CIVS-IPC-2520, CIVS-IPC-2521 (Smoked)

CIVS-IPC-2530V, CIVS-IPC-2531V (Smoked)

List Price $995 $1,295 $1,150 $1,395

FCS Date Q1CY09 Q2CY09 Q3CY09 Q3CY09

Comments

No Audio, No I/O, No Storage, Ceiling Tile Mount

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