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© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Digestive SystemDigestive System
a coiled, muscular tube (6-9 meters long) beginning with the mouth and ending with the anus
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
DigestionDigestion
process by which food is converted into soluble forms
2 forms of digestion2 forms of digestion
physicalphysical chemicalchemical
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Forms of DigestionForms of Digestion
Physical DigestionPhysical
Digestion
begins in mouth with saliva mostly occurs in small intestine
Chemical DigestionChemical Digestion
begins in mouth by chewing
mechanical breakdown of food into smaller particles
increases surface area of food
chemical breakdown of food by enzymes
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Physical DigestionPhysical
Digestion
begins in mouth with saliva
Chemical DigestionChemical Digestion
begins in mouth by chewing
mechanical chemical
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Stages of DigestionStages of Digestion
secretion
digestion
absorption
elimination
propels food through system
movementrelease of digestive juicesbreakdown of food into molecular sizes
food molecules passing through intestinal walls
removal of undigested food
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
teethteeth
tonguetongue
begin the mechanical breakdown of food
begin the mechanical breakdown of food - transports
food to stomach through the process of peristalsis
- transports food to stomach through the process of peristalsis - muscular organ that stores, mixes, digests and controls passage of food
- muscular organ that stores, mixes, digests and controls passage of food
mouthmouth
esophagusesophagus
stomachstomach
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
PeristalsisPeristalsis
stomachstomach
series of involuntary muscular contractions in the
esophagus that
squeeze the food down to
the stomach
series of involuntary muscular contractions in the
esophagus that
squeeze the food down to
the stomach
foodfood
esophagusesophagus
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
A gastric chief cell (or peptic cell, or gastric zymogenic cell) is a cell
in the stomach that releases pepsinogen, gastric lipase and
chymosin.[
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Parietal cells (also called oxyntic cells) are the stomach epithelium cells which secrete hydrochloric
acid
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
- coiled tube from 3 - 6m long, the major site for digestion and absorption of nutrients; contain villi
- coiled tube from 3 - 6m long, the major site for digestion and absorption of nutrients; contain villi
small intestines small intestines
- 1.5 m long tube, absorbs water from undigested material
- 1.5 m long tube, absorbs water from undigested material anusanus - opening for removal of feces - opening for removal of feces
large intestineslarge intestines
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
- produces bile, which helps break down fats in small intestines
- produces bile, which helps break down fats in small intestines
- secretes enzymes that break down starches and proteins
- secretes enzymes that break down starches and proteins
- stores bile- stores bile
salivary glands salivary glands
- secrete a chemical (enzyme) that breaks down starch into glucose
- secrete a chemical (enzyme) that breaks down starch into glucose
pancreaspancreas
gall bladdergall bladder
liverliver
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Accessory Digestive OrgansAccessory Digestive Organsconnected to stomach by
ductsconnected to stomach by
ducts
liverliver
pancreaspancreas
gall bladdergall bladder
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
ulcersulcers spot in stomach lining where cells are destroyed, lining unprotected, irritated by stomach acid
gastritisgastritis
swelling of stomach lining, caused by irritating foods, alcohol, or bacteria
acid refluxacid reflux
"back washing" of acid from the stomach into the esophagus; also called heartburn
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
1. mouth1. mouth1.1.
2.2.2. esophagus2. esophagus
3.3.3. stomach3. stomach
4.4.4. small intestine4. small intestine5.5.5. large intestine5. large intestine
6.6.6. anus6. anus
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
1.1.
2.2.
3.3.
4.4.
salivary glandssalivary glands
liverliver
gall bladdergall bladder
pancreaspancreas
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
stomachstomachanusanusesophagusesophagussalivary glands
salivary glandsliverliversmall
intestinesmall
intestinepancreaspancreaslarge intestine
large intestine
gall bladder
gall bladder
Match the structure with the
number.
Match the structure with the
number.
© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX
Match the function with the
number.
Match the function with the
number.
produces bileproduces bilestores undigestible food
stores undigestible foodcontains villicontains villimixes and stores food
mixes and stores food
contains enzymes for the first
chemical breakdown of food
contains enzymes for the first
chemical breakdown of food
the 4 accessory digestive organs
the 4 accessory digestive organs
secretes enzymes for starch
breakdown
secretes enzymes for starch
breakdown
transports food by peristalsis
transports food by peristalsis
major organ for digestion and absorption of
nutrients
major organ for digestion and absorption of
nutrients
stores bilestores bile