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Chapter 2: Vocabulary

PowerPoint by JoAnn Yaworskiand Mimi Markus

Bridging the Gap, 8/eBrenda Smith

© 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman

In this Chapter You Will Learn about:

Mnemonic devices Context clues Multiple word

meanings Word structure Dictionary use Word origins

Glossaries Thesaurus Analogies Easily confused

words Acronyms Transition words

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Remembering New Words with Mnemonic Devices

Associate words in phrasesAssociate words with rhymes or soundsAssociate words with imagesAssociate words in familiesSeek reinforcementCreate concept cards

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Using Context Clues

Definition or synonym

Elaborating detailsExamplesComparisonContrastAntonymsMultiple meanings

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Understanding the Structure of Words

PrefixesSuffixesRootsWord families

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Using a Dictionary

Guide wordsPronunciationPart of speechSpellingsOriginMultiple meanings

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Word Origin

The study of word origins is called

etymology.– Narcissistic means egotistically in love

with yourself– Origin - a Greek myth

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Using a Glossary

Each subject has its own unique words. The

glossary defines the words as they are used in

the textbook.

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Glossary of a Psychology Text

Words not in dictionaries that are still part of psychology jargon:

Latent learningLearning set

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Using a Thesaurus

Suggested Synonyms for Common Words

Delinquency

Fault

Guilt Misconduct

Shame

Transgression

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Analogies

Analogies are comparisons that measure

your knowledge of words and your ability to

see relationships.

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Categories of Analogy Relationships

SynonymsAntonymsFunction, use, or purposeClassificationCharacteristics and descriptionsDegreePart to wholeCause and effect

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Analogies (Synonyms)

Synonyms: similar in meaning(ex: Find is to locate as hope is to wish)

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Analogies (Antonyms)

Antonyms: Opposite in meaning

(Ex: Accept is to reject as rude is to polite)

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Analogies (Function)

Function, use, or purpose: Identifies what something does. Watch for the object

(noun) and then the action (verb).

(Ex: Pool is to swim as blanket is to warm)

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Easily Confused Words

Words that sound alike(Ex: Stationary/Stationery)

Words that are spelled and used differently

(Ex: Your/You’re)

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Recognizing Acronyms

An acronym is an abbreviation that is

pronounced as a word.

UNICEF = United Nations International Children’s Fund

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Recognizing Transitional Words

Connecting Words signal the direction of

the writer’s thought.

“In addition” signals a continuation.“But” or “However” signals a change.

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Signals for Transition

AdditionExampleTimeComparisonContrastCause and effect

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Visit the Longman English Pages

http://www.ablongman.com/englishpages

Take a Road Trip to the Library of Congress!

Be sure to visit the Vocabulary module in your

Reading Road Trip CD-ROM for multimedia tutorials, exercises, and tests.