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© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Active Knowledge Modeling
of EnterprisesAthena_AKM_EM2_slides.V1.0
Dr. Frank Lillehagen
CEO AKM AS
2© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
AKM Vision, Mission and Strategy
• The AKM Vision is to allow industrial practitioners to compose and manage services, and model-configure workplaces for services execution.
• AKM Mission is to develop AKM platforms, enabling cross-enterprise and interdisciplinary design collaboration
• Our strategy is to work in leading innovation projects with selected industries, harnessing leading knowledge, best practices and novel solutions
© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Integrated Product Life Cycle Models for MODULAR PRODUCT PLATFORMS
GOALSGOALS
MODULAR PRODUCT PROGRAMMODULAR PRODUCT PROGRAM
MARKET FLEXIBILITYMARKET FLEXIBILITY PRODUCT STABILITYPRODUCT STABILITY
MODULAR PRODUCTMODULAR PRODUCTMEANSMEANS
QQEE
Q Q LL EE
Harnessing Core Knowledge
Figure by courtesy of The Winquist Laboratory, Chalmers Technical University, Sweden
Bottom up modeling captures Voice of Technology
product characteristics
functions components
enterpriseknowledge
architecture
Bottom up modeling captures Voice of Technology
Bottom up modeling captures Voice of Technology
product characteristics
functions components
enterpriseknowledge
architecture
enterpriseknowledge
architecture
4© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Business Opportunity
• The collaborative business need– “Innovative design is the most competitive instrument of global
engineering and manufacturing”, says Peter Fingar
• The timing is right– Industry challenges remain unsolved, demands have exploded, other
technologies have failed and visual web-computing have matured
• Enabling industrial services– AKM and web technologies, enabling Model-configured solutions,
constitute a knowledge-sharing medium and layers of generic platforms and services
5© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
AKM of Enterprises - Objectives
Learn how and what about:
Active or interactive knowledge models, supporting new approaches, methodologies and solutions to support innovative design
The approach to transfer static and fragmented information into active, sharable and reusable knowledge
Creating collaboration spaces of reusable knowledge constructs to involve SMEs and novices without IT investments and training
Integrating the enterprise by aligning knowledge worker views as models, model-configured solutions and workplaces
New approaches to solutions development, and new ways of creating workplaces and performing design and creative work
6© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges• Industrial Examples:
– Repeating some core modeling concepts– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear
• C3S3P Approach, – an AKM model focusing customer delivery
• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)• AKM Platform and Service layers
– Model-configured, user-composed platform services• AKM Concepts and Principles,
– Supporting innovative design• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
7© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
What is Active Knowledge Modeling?
Externalizing, sharing, discovering, harnessing and cultivating knowledge:
Models are created by experienced knowledge workers
Models and modeling languages evolve as work is performed
Models are composed of reflective views of many types
Representation of enterprise knowledge spaces: Enabling multi-dimensional modeling to handle complex dependencies
Developing and extending the Enterprise Knowledge Architecture
Enabling view types, role views, and user defined views
Based on a web platform supporting model management: Model-designed and -generated workplaces
Model-designed and -configured platforms and services
Model Designed Solutions – new approach to SD&SE
Social and organizational development Supporting user networking, and competence and skill management
Supporting human collaboration and coordination
Supporting on-the-job-training and individual and team role-play
8© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Value Propositions
• Unleash the power of IT to support creative work– Drive IT by pragmatics, competent people’s knowledge
– Compose customized business solutions from PLM, BPM, and SOA
– New approach to IT development, delivery and support
• Reduce product development lead time– Reuse and adapt existing knowledge and product structures
– Enable collaborative design and concurrent engineering
– Reduce re-work and change management
• Increase innovation– Facilitate knowledge capture and osmosis
– Implement visual collaboration spaces
– Power networked innovation across supply- and consumer-networks
9© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Benefits
• Cut IT costs dramatically, particularly for networked partnering
• Reduce time-to-market for products by 20 to 30 %,
• Support on-the-job training, preparing workers for more aggressive bidding
• Support goal-oriented team-working raising peoples motivation
• Increasing stakeholder involvement, user interactions and interoperability
10© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Industrial Challenges
Early design is poorly supported (by courtesy of CR Fiat)
11© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Activation
• Activation = Initiative + Interpretation + Action• Three ways
– Manual: The users interpret the model and act accordingly – Automatic: The system interprets and executes the model– Interactive: The users and the system cooperaet or share actions
• Who does what when? Who takes the initiative?
Automatic Manual
Reactive users Proactive users
Interactive
12© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
What is Active Knowledge
1. Enterprise aspects are mutually dependent – ”knowledge spaces”
2. The real-world is role, task, information and view oriented
3. Most models are schemaes of diagrams, charts and ”calculus”, ie. no knowledge layers, no reflection, and no reuse
4. Workflow and time-dimension phases must be relaxed/expanded,
5. Present Systems Engineering do not handle multiple parameter sets and aggregation , se upper figure
6. Visual knowledge representation and properties are poorly understood
7. Learning, design and problem-solving use similar methods and have similar needs, se lower figure
8. Legacy systems are a barrier to interoperability and reuse, made worse by legacy thinking.
CC
EXEX
DD
KK
SS
IIMM
AKMAKM
© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Useful definition of KM
Creating Sustainable Competitive Advantage
through developing Competence &Skills
by ensuring continuous identification, acquisition, generation, harnessing and leveraging of Knowledge
Value
Work (Use of Competence)
Knowledge (In People, Documents and Tools )
© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Innovation Process
Resources
TimeDevelopment Implementation
ConcurrentDevelopment
No specificationchanges
Specifications Tested
Ideation Research Concept & Design
Knowledge Development Competence Development
NormaloperationsFacts
Substantiatedidea
Ad-hocgroup
Specialist-teams
Specialist-teams
Seniorgroup
Operations
CreativityKnowledgeDiscovery
ResourceCommitment
Adapted fromCoopers “Stage-Gate”, +++
15© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges• Industrial Examples:
– Repeating some core modeling concepts– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear
• C3S3P Approach, – an AKM model focusing customer delivery
• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)• AKM Platform and Service layers
– Model-configured, user-composed platform services• AKM Concepts and Principles,
– Supporting innovative design• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
16© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Models and Containers
17© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
POPS Dimensions
• The POPS dimensions– Product– Organization– Process – System/Infrastructure
• In a design situation a Process requires an Organization and a System to develop the Product– The process describes what to do – The organization provides the resources and the skills– The system provides the services required
18© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Templates and Meta-models
19© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Mutually Reflective Views
Product
Org
ani-
zatio
n
Complex relationships,
tasks, decisions
Process
Syste
m
• An object in one view will have reflections in other dimensions– No orthogonal, layered meta-hierarchy– No difference between modeling and metamodeling
• View connections and dependencies are designed or automatically created
• Types and kinds of views for each design role
• A content view for role A may be a definition view or functional view for role B
20© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges
• Core Modeling Concepts• Industrial Examples:
– Repeating some core modeling concepts– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear
• C3S3P Approach, – an AKM model focusing customer delivery
• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)
• AKM Platform and Service layers– Model-configured, user-composed platform services
• AKM Concepts and Principles,– Supporting innovative design
• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
21© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
AKM’s shown in the Seminar
Models Kongsberg Automotive AB (KA)• Scaffolding Model to illustrate approaches to introduce AKM• Solution Model, focusing Requirements Handling and agreed
purpose of the models• Scenario Model, piloting Material Specification etc. to illustrate
the applications of executable task-patterns
• CPPD Methodology Model to illustrate what is involved in terms of methodologies and services for customer adaptation and extension
Models from other sources, Athena and AKM• Collaboration Space Model from the Athena project to
illustrate platform and services for formation and use• AKM Approach Model from AKM to illustrate the steps of
introducing and delivering AKM solutions to industry
22© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Kongsberg – Scaffolding Model
23© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Kongsberg – Innovation Process
24© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Kongsberg – Product Structures
25© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Kongsberg – Seat Heating Design
26© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Seat Heating Solution
27© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Holistic Design Approach
28© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Supporting Collaborative Design
• Design requires support for– Instance-driven modelling– Designer-managed meta-data– Strong viewing and presentation capabilities– Model and view comparison, merging, alignment and
differentiation– Parameter-structure propagation and aggregation to manage
values– Concurrently working on alternative solution models
• Concurrency requires support for– New ways of supporting work management– Task definition, monitoring, assignment, execution and
management– Service-team organizations– Managing multiple types and kinds of views
29© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges• Core Modeling Concepts• Industrial Examples:
– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear• C3S3P Approach,
– an AKM model focusing customer delivery• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)• AKM Platform and Service layers
– Model-configured, user-composed platform services• AKM Concepts and Principles,
– Supporting innovative design• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
30© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
The Delivery Process
Start Approach Model!
31© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Top-Down Modeling of DP
Start C3S3P Model
32© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Operational Knowledge Architectures
• A common framework (model) for reusing sub-models across networks
• Clearly defined ownership of each model and main variants
• Clearly defined links to support:– Sub-model inclusion– Clearly defined ownership to cross-model relationships
• Common views for analysis and presentation:– Handling overlapping and conflicts– Achieving simplification and reuse
33© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Modeling Architecture
Each container represents a sub-model
Relationships imply sub-model inclusion
34© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges• Core Modeling Concepts• Industrial Examples:
– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear• C3S3P Approach,
– an AKM model focusing customer delivery• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)• AKM Platform and Service layers
– Model-configured, user-composed platform services• AKM Concepts and Principles,
– Supporting innovative design• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
35© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
The CPPD Methodology
36© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Intelligent Product Structures
37© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Customer Solution Model
38© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Project Collaboration Space
39© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
The EADS Athena Use-Case
40© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
EADS Use-Case Solution
41© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges• Core Modeling Concepts• Industrial Examples:
– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear• C3S3P Approach,
– an AKM model focusing customer delivery• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)• AKM Platform and Service layers
– Model-configured, user-composed platform services• AKM Concepts and Principles,
– Supporting innovative design• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
42© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
The GUI’s of the AKM Platform
43© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
States of Process Tasks
44© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Product-structure Components
45© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Work performance – Task execution
46© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Customizing Platform & Services
47© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Defining Workspaces
48© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
AKM Technical Architecture
Metis Enterprise Server
Metis Enterprise Repository
Metis Team Server
Metis Repositories
Metis Client ToolsMetis Client Tools
Metis CollectionMetis Collection
Portal / Dashboard
Portal / Dashboard
Reporting System
Reporting System
Policy Management
Policy Management
Workflow Engine
Workflow Engine
Web InterfaceWeb Interface
Model DesignedPortal
Model DesignedPortal Event
CoordinationInterface
EventCoordination
Interface
View Management ServicesView Management Services
ExecutionServices
ExecutionServices
CustomerWeb Content and Services
CustomerWeb Content and Services
CustomerData Sources
CustomerData Sources
CustomerExecutionSystems
CustomerExecutionSystems
CustomerApplication Front-Ends
CustomerApplication Front-Ends
49© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Layered Service Architecture
Model- Driven Sector Solutions
Model-Driven Application Services
Model-Configurable User-Composable Platform Services
Service- Oriented Architecture (IT)
Task management
MUPS UI components
MUPS Service Wrappers
MUPS Configuration Architecture
Metis Enterprise Metis Client
IT Infrastructure: repositories, APIs
Collaborative Product and Process
Design, CPPD platform
CustomerSolutions
Pilots
Partners and customers extend the platforms on different levels,
filling different roles in the service team
organization, forming a software
supply chain
50© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
MAPPER Service Architecture
Metis ClientTRMS
CURE
ConcertChat
Metis Enterprise
Metis Team
Model- Driven Sector Solutions
Model-Driven Application Services
Model-Configurable User-Composable Platform Services
Service- Oriented Architecture (IT)
Task management
Metis Enterprise web service plugin
Metis Enterprise configurable portal services
MAPPER WP5 web services
IT Infrastructure: repositories, APIs
MAPPER Enterprise Modeling
Methodology
CustomerSolutions
Automotive supplier pilots
MAPPER WP5HTML user services
Automotive manufacturer
pilot
ElectronicsSME pilot
MAPPER Portfolio
Management Methodology
MAPPER Collaborative
Learning Methodology
MAPPER Collaboration
Formation Methodology
Collaboration space
51© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Contents - Modules
• Welcome address• Motivation for AKM,:
- Value Propositions, Benefits, Industrial Challenges• Core Modeling Concepts• Industrial Examples:
– car seat heating and aircraft landing gear• C3S3P Approach,
– an AKM model focusing customer delivery• Coffee Break• CPPD Methodology,
– navigating a model (links to solution)• AKM Platform and Service layers
– Model-configured, user-composed platform services• AKM Concepts and Principles,
– Supporting innovative design• Q and A and evaluation (portal)
52© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Enterprise Knowledge Spaces
53© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Role Allocation and Activation
54© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Collaborative Product Structures
55© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Role views of Product structures
56© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
EKA Approach to Meta-levels
57© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Property propagation using Aspects
58© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Views defined by Roles and Tasks
59© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Intelligent adaptive EM Language
60© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Inserting the AKM Layer
BusinessOperations
Architecture (BOA)
IT Architectures
BPMEnterprise models
MDA SOACOTS
Bottom-up, not business driven.Gap causes discontinuities
resulting in management nightmaresand lack of reuse
61© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
AKM Layer Capabilities
BOA
EKA
ICT
BPMBusiness models
Execu-tabletasks
MDA SOA ASACOTS
Repository services
MUPSPOPS
EKA Services
Today: Many non-interoperable
reference models.
A multitude of perspectives and interlaced views
Layers of knowledge with many views for different purposes
Multitude of reference models must be
integrated into the knowledge architecture
Repository services are key to model-
designed solutions
Software architectures supporting
“plug-and-play”
62© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Partial Metamodels
63© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
Big Models - Sub-Models
64© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
View Models
© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
For further models and materialks, visit:
www.activeknowledgemodeling.com
Qustions and Answers
66© 2005-2006 The ATHENA Consortium.
This course has been developed under the funding of the EC with the support of the EC ATHENA-IP Project.
Disclaimer and Copyright Notice: Permission is granted without fee for personal or educational (non-profit) use, previous notification is needed. For notification purposes, please, address to the ATHENA Training Programme Chair at [email protected]. In other cases please, contact at the same e_mail address for use conditions. Some of the figures presented in this course are freely inspired by others reported in referenced works/sources. For such figures copyright and all rights therein are maintained by the original authors or by other copyright holders. It is understood that all persons copying these figures will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each copyright holder.
Thank you for your participation !