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© 2004 IBM Corporation
DB2 – Informix
Terminology and Architecture Comparison
ByPradeep Kutty
Jan 30th, 2004
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
DB2 – Product Family
Personal Edition (PE)
Enterprise Edition (EE)
Everyplace
Enterprise Extended Edition (EEE)
Workgroup Edition (WE)
EnterpriseServer Edition (ESE)
Version 8
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Products Positioning
Single Product line for all Applications
–Common code base for UNIX and NT
–Differentiation depending on target platform and licensing strategy
Additional applications built upon the database server
–Data warehouse
–OLAP
–Connectivity (DB2 Connect, Data Joiner)
–Web enablement (Web Sphere Application Server)
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Informix – Product Family
SE /CISAM
Online 4.x
Online 5.x
Online 6.x
Online 7.x
XPS 8.x
9.x
8.1x8.2x
8.3x
8.4x
9.1x
9.2x9.3x
9.4x
7.1x
7.2x 8.5x
9.5x7.3x
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Products Positioning
IDS (7.x and 9.x):
–OLTP
–Data blades and Extensibility
–Replication (HDR and ER)
–Max Connect
XPS (8.x) –
–Data Ware Housing
–Cluster support
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Informix – Long Term
2003 2004 2005 2006
6.2 7.27.1Red Brick:BI Tool Integration,Performance
8.40 8.608.50XPS:BI Tool Integration,Ease-of-Use
9.40 9.609.50IDS:RAS, Ease-of-Use, Security
2002
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Platforms Supported
DB2ƒ AIXƒ NUMA-Q PTXƒ Linuxƒ SUN Solarisƒ HP UXƒ Linux/390 (Not EEE)
ƒ AS/400ƒ OS/390ƒ Windowsƒ OS/2
XPSƒ AIXƒ NUMA-Q PTXƒ Linuxƒ SUN Solarisƒ HP UX
ƒ Compaq True Unixƒ Reliant Unix
IDSƒ AIX 32/64 Bitƒ NUMA-Q PTXƒ Linux Intel / Alphaƒ SUN Solaris Intel / Sparcƒ HP UX 32/64 Bit
ƒ Compaq True Unixƒ Reliant Unix 32/64 Bitƒ SCO Open Serverƒ SCO UNIXWARE 7ƒ Windows NT / 2000ƒ Tandem Nonstop UX C61ƒ DEC TRU64ƒ NCRƒ Fujitsu/Siemensƒ SGI 32/64 Bitƒ Data General DGUX
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
DB2 Architecture
TCP/IP or SHM and Semaphores or any Network Protocol
Client
Server
Applications
Coordinator agent EDU
Subagents EDU
Prefetchers
Page Cleaners
Containers
Logs
LoggerEDU
Log Buffer
Buffer Pool
DeadlockDetector
Log requests
Prefetch Requests Prefetch Manager
Read Req
Parallel Page writerequests
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
IDS/XPS Architecture
Other VPs: ADM, ADT, Java, etc.
Client
Resident
Virtual
Communication
NetVP
AIOVP
CPUVP
PIOVP
LIOVP
ShmVP
ExtVPLogs
Disks
IDS only
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Process vs. Thread
“In Solaris, creating a process is about 30 times slower than creating a thread, synchronization variables are about 10 times slower, and context switching about 5 times slower.”
Thread PrimerPage 21
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Terminology
DB2
–Instance
–Database
–Partition/Node
–Node group
–Table space
–Container
IDS/XPS
–Instance
–Database
–Co-server
–Co-group
–Dbslices, Dbspace
–Chunks
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Configuration
DB2
–Instance Parameters controlled by DBM CFG
–Every database has its own database configuration
–Registry and Environment Variables
–SQL SET command
–Multi threaded only on NT
Informix
–Instance Parameters controlled by ONCONFIG
–Environment Variables
–SQL SET Command
–Multi threaded on UNIX and NT
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Storage
DB2 (table spaces)
–System Managed Storage (SMS)
–Database Managed Storage (DMS)
• Files
• Devices
–Configurable page size: 4KB, 8KB, 16KB, 32KB
IDS/XPS (db spaces)
- Database ManagedStorage
• Cooked• Raw
–IDS pre-defined page size
–XPS configurable: 2KB, 4KB, 8KB
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Extent Allocation
DB2
–Extent Size set at the table space level
–Allocated in a round robin fashion among containers
–Valid for all tables within the table space
Informix
–Extent size set at the table level
–Allocated in a serial manner
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Tables
DB2
–One table per table space
–Partitioning in a EEE environment
–Two extents are allocated at table creation time
• Extent map• Data extent
Informix
–Can span multiple db spaces (fragmentation)
–First and next extent control extent sizing
–Doubling after every 16 extents
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Table Types
DB2
–Not logged initially
–Global Temp Table
–Volatile Table
–Summary Tables
Informix
–TEMP
–Scratch (XPS)
–Raw (XPS)
–Static (XPS)
–Operational (XPS)
–Standard (XPS)
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Row size
DB2
–Determined by the page size
–Out-of-row objects:
• BLOB, CLOB, DBCLOB, LONG VARCHAR, LONG VARGRAPHIC
IDS/XPS
–32KB (page linking)
–(IDS) Out-of-row objects:
• BLOB, BYTE, CLOB, TEXT
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Object Names Sizes
Object DB2 XPS IDSDatabase name 8 18 128User name 8* 8 32Table name 128 18 128Column name 30 18 128Index name 18 18 128Procedure name 18 18 128
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Memory Usage
IDS/XPS
–Instance memory shared by all databases(buffer pool, locks, heap, stack, sort, cache, etc)
DB2
–Instance shared memory
–Database shared memory(buffer pool, lock list, sort, heap, etc.)
–Application shared memory
–Agent private memory
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Indexes
DB2
–Separate Table space than table (DMS)
–Forward and Reverse Scans
–B-Tree
–MDC Index
–Db2advis [Advisor]
Informix
–Attached and Detached Indexes
–B-Tree
–R-Tree (IDS Only)
–Functional (IDS Only)
–Bitmap (XPS Only)
–GK (XPS Only)
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Locking
DB2
–Row level is the default
–LOCK parameters include: LOCKLIST and MAXLOCKS
–LOCK escalation can occur based on parameter settings
Informix
–Specified at table creation
–Default is page
–ONCONFIG Parameter: LOCKS
–No Lock escalations
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Logical Logs
DB2
–Logs allocated at Database level
–Primary and secondary logs
–Circular logging
–Archival Logging
–Backed up using USEREXIT
–Dual logging
–Infinite log space
Informix
–Logs allocated at Instance level
–Default is No logging
–Backed up using• ontape• onbar
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Management [Analysis] Tools
DB2
–Control Center (backup, index, configuration wizards)
–Alert center
–Performance monitor
–Snapshot Monitoring• Locks• BufferPools• SQL• Sort Operations
–Event Monitors
–Explain [dynexplain/db2exfmt]
Informix
–onstat
–onparams
–onspaces, etc.
–ISA
–I-SPY
–Explain
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Utilities
DB2
–Import / Export
–REORGCHK
–REORG
–RUNSTATS
–db2look
–Db2batch
–Load
–db2move
Informix
–dbexport
–HPL
–Unload
–Load
–Update statistics
–dbschema
–External Table (XPS)
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Backup / Restore
DB2
–Online
–Offline
–Incremental
–Delta
–Split Mirror
–Redirected Restore
Informix
–Level 0
–Level 1
–Level 2
–EBR
–Imported Restore
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Extensibility
DB2 Types:
–Distinct
–Structured
DB2 Functions
–Scalar
–Table
IDS Types:
–Distinct
–Row
–Opaque
–Collection (set, list, …)
IDS Functions:
–Scalar
–Iterator
–Aggregate
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Data Blades and Extenders
DB2 Extenders
–Spatial
–XML
–Text
–Audio
–Video
–Image
IDS Data Blades
–Spatial/geodetic
–Time Series, NAG
–Text, image, video
–Third parties
IDS Bundles
–Financial Foundation
–Law Enforcement Foundation
–Other to come
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
DB2 Future features
Autonomic Computing
4GL and ESQL/C (SQLI) support
IDS date types and functions
IDS replication
–HDR in V8.2
IDS fragmentation
R-Tree Indexes
Time Series Data blade
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
IDS – The Future
In Planning:
Backup & Restore enhancementsHigh Availability Data Replication
working with ERRemove Capacity Limitations
>2gig chunk sizeSecurity EnhancementsSystem Monitoring Enhancements
track causes of deadlocksUtility Enhancements
> 2gig file support
2003
Safety – High Availability
XML Standards Compliance
On-Line ReorgSafety – High AvailabilityApplication Dev / XML / Stds. Compliance
4GL with WebSphere / IDSAutonomic / Ease of AdministrationSoftware Group IntegrationSecurity EnhancementsPartner EnhancementsInfrastructure Improvements
Performance, Install, I-Star for Built-in UDTs
2004
Driven by Customer & Partner Requests2005
2006Announced GA March 28th IDS
9.60
IDS9.40
IDS9.50
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
Conclusion
DB2 and IDS complement each other
The synergy between development groups will accelerate technology migration both ways
The IBM portfolio strengthens the Informix position
The DB2 federated approach helps support dual environments
© 2004 IBM Corporation KCIIUG - 2004
For Additional Information
Web sites:
–http://www.ibm.com/software/data/db2
–http://www.ibm.com/software/data/informix