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© 2001 Christine W. Law s, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

© 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

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Page 1: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

© 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath

ACADEMIC HONESTY

Avoiding Plagiarism

Page 2: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Plagiarism:

What Is It?

Page 3: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Plagiarism

Is

One Kind of Academic Dishonesty

Page 4: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Basically, Plagiarism Is:

• Stealing

• Lying

• Falsifying

Page 5: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Levels of Plagiarism

• Cheating (Stealing)

• Plagiarism due to Laziness, Confusion, Carelessness

• Inadvertent Plagiarism

Page 6: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

How Does Plagiarism Happen?

Page 7: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Under Copyright LawA Writer Owns:

• IDEAS (unless general information)

• WORDS through which the ideas are expressed

• SYNTAX (sentence formation) through which the words are ordered for style, effect, and clarity

Page 8: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Academic dishonesty may occur:

ConsciouslyInadvertently

Page 9: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Examples of Conscious Dishonesty

• Copying from another’s exam, homework, term paper, computer program, etc.

• Buying a term paper

• Submitting work done by another person

• Allowing another person to use your work

• Using a source forbidden by the instructor, such as Cliff Notes

Page 10: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Lying, Falsifying

• Presenting one’s own work, words, or data as if it came from an outside source

• Examples:– Making up statistical data– Making up interviews– Falsifying or making up lab tests, results– Falsifying citations in term papers

Page 11: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

These are all examples of

CHEATING

And

Cheating is STEALING.

Page 12: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Someone Who Cheats

• Is fully aware that he/she is stealing

• Will experience the most serious penalties

Page 13: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Why Do Students Cheat?

Page 14: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Benefits Perceived by the Student

• Work submitted by deadline

• Better grade on the piece of work

• Better grade in the course

• Respect of the professor for the quality of the work

• Admiration of peers

Page 15: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Why Refrain from Cheating?

Why Refrain from Plagiarizing?

Page 16: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Long-Term Benefits

• Allows reader to find original source

• Gives “credit where credit is due”

• Adds credibility, to work and to student

• Adds authority to the work itself

• Gives sense of pride in the work

Page 17: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Costs

• Academic penalties for perpetrator– First offense: an “F” on the piece of work, and written

record sent to Student Services– Second offense: an “F” for the course, and written

record sent to Student Services– Third offense: expulsion from school

• Loss of credibility• Loss of authority• Loss of revenue for owner of the original

property

Page 18: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

How does conscious cheating look to the professor?

• “You’re confused.”

• “You’re ignorant.”

• “You’re dissin’ me.”

• “You must think I’m a fool.”

Page 19: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

BURDEN OF PROOFLIES WITH THE STUDENT!!

Page 20: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

If plagiarism is suspected --

• Proof of plagiarism does NOT lie with professor

• Proof of authenticity of work lies with student• Professor may require:

– Notes and/or draft of paper– Oral examination– New examination, proctored by professor– Copy of actual source material– Any other type of proof

Page 21: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Levels of Plagiarism

• Cheating (Stealing)

• Plagiarism due to Laziness, Confusion, Carelessness

• Inadvertent Plagiarism

Page 22: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Plagiarism due toLaziness, Confusion,

Carelessness• Failure to credit source of ideas

• Failure to credit source of exact words or phrases

• Burden of proof still on student

• Penalty often the same as for cheating, unless professor elects otherwise

Page 23: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Levels of Plagiarism

• Cheating (Stealing)

• Plagiarism due to Laziness, Confusion, Carelessness

• Inadvertent Plagiarism

Page 24: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Under Copyright Law,A Writer Owns:

• IDEAS (unless general information)

• WORDS through which the ideas are expressed

• SYNTAX (sentence formation) through which the words are ordered for style, effect, and clarity

Page 25: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

Inadvertent Plagiarism

• Failure to credit source of some words or phrases through quotation marks, even if source is cited

• Failure to credit sentence structure of original through quotation marks, even if source is cited

• Ignorance, unfamiliarity with subject or language primary causes

• Burden of proof still on student• Penalties least severe in undergraduate work

Page 26: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

How Can I Avoid Plagiarism?

Page 27: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

It’s Simple!

Reference sourcesCite source materialSummarize or

paraphrase information

Quote exact words, phrases

Ask for expert help when confused

Keep notes, photocopies of source material

Page 28: © 2001 Christine W. Laws, Patricia F. Sherman, & Richard C. Zath ACADEMIC HONESTY Avoiding Plagiarism

“Now,

GO DO THE RIGHT THING!”

- Dr. Laura Schlessinger