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+1/24/13
Objective
Develop a proper hypothesis
Warm-Up
1.Give an example of a good resource.
2.What are two types of questions?
+Steps of the Inquiry Process
1. Make Observations
2. Ask Questions
3. Gather Research
4. Write a Hypothesis
5. Design Experiment
6. Gather Data/Experiment
7. Analyze Data
8. Draw Conclusions
+
STEP 4: Stating a Hypothesis Hypothesis: A possible explanation for a question or a
problem; a prediction. Your hypothesis should be testable. Your hypothesis should be specific.
A hypothesis is testable if: It is the answer to the question proposed. It can be tested in a lab or observed in a field. The results will be in quantified data. It is supported by observation and facts already known.
+
A properly written hypothesis has an independent and dependent variable. Independent variable (IV): is the variable that you change
in the lab. Dependent variable (DV): is the variable that is affected by
the independent variable.
Example: Question: Does the amount of sunlight a plant receive
affect how tall the plant will grow? Hypothesis: The more sunlight a plant receives the taller it
will grow.
+
For example: Question: Does the mass of a ball affect how high it will
bounce?
Hypothesis: The more mass a ball has the higher it will
bounce.
+
When writing a hypothesis, DO NOT “sit on the fence,” be specific.
For example which hypothesis is better? The amount of water a plant receives affects the growth of
a plant.
OR The more water a plant receives the taller it will grow.
+Activity 1: Hypothesis Rotations
At each station, there will be a task. You are to complete the given task and record everything in your science notebook.
You and your partner will be given 3 minutes at each station.
There are a total of 16 stations.
+Steps of the Inquiry Process
1. Make Observations
2. Ask Questions
3. Gather Research
4. Write a Hypothesis
5. Design Experiment
6. Gather Data/Experiment
7. Analyze Data
8. Draw Conclusions
+The Inquiry Process Continued
STEP 5: Designing an Experiment The first step in designing an experiment is to define your
variables. A variable is:
Anything capable of having more than one value Anything capable of changing
+
Continuous Variables – have many values like height (cm) or age (yrs)
Discontinuous Variables – have only one, two or three variables like gender and handedness
+Classroom Examples…
Student height _____
Student gender _____
Time it takes to run a mile _____
A person’s health _____
Number of times people as you out _____
Length of a meter _____
Distance light travels in one second _____
+In Class Practice
Hypothesis:
The more water given to a plant the faster it will grow.
Hypothesis:
The more time spent studying the higher the grade.
+
• There are three types of variables in a controlled experiment:
1. Independent Variables (IV)
2. Dependent Variable (DV)
3. Extraneous Variable (EV): Variables the might have an effect of the DV so they need to remain the same in your experiment. (constants)
+
Example With the hypothesis:
The more water a plant receives the faster it will grow.
What are some variables that must remain the same?
+
An experimental control group This group does not receive the change from the
independent variable.
Example: Hypothesis: The more potato chips you eat the higher your
math scores. The control would be a group of students that don’t eat
potato chips.
+ Experimental Design Chart: Organizes your variables.
Variables
Group 1 Group 2 Control
IV Amount of Potato Chips (1/2 cup)
Amount of Potato Chips (2 cups)
No Potato Chips
DV Math Scores Math Scores Math Scores
EV Same Math Class
Same Math Class Same Math Class
EV Gender Gender Gender
EV When the test is taken
When the test is taken
When the test is taken
+
The second step in your experimental design is to write your step-by-step procedures. You must include as much detail as possible. It must be written so anyone could reproduce the
experiment the same way you designed it.