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Our very own
Toystory
Chennapatna
0km
Cluster Document Lifestyle and Accessories Demartment
Introduction
Map
Manufacturing Process
Seasoning of wood
Raw Materials used
The Artisans
Joinery
Forms
Surface Conclusion
Contents
Introduction“Welcome to the city of toys”, read the blue banner on the Bangalore-Mysore highway as we entered the town
of Channapatna, about 60km from Bangalore. Wooden rocking horses are displayed on either side of the highway,
just outside shops that house a bewildering array of lacquer toys.
Channapatna is a city located 60 km south-west of Bangalore, India on Bangalore-Mysore state highway. In the
native language (Kannada), Channapatna is also called as “Gombegalaooru” meaning toys town in English. The city
is famous for its wooden toys and lacquer ware. These toys are manufactured in traditional or advanced small
scale industries. It is a crafts cluster of over 3000 traditional artisans engaged in the production of lacquer ware.
These toys have geographical indication (GI) status under the World Trade Organization.
This craft of making wooden toys is an ancient family tradition that has survived many generations. But, a dec-
ade back, the entire industry suffered because of huge competition from the Chinese toy market to the extent
that these toy designers had to shut shop and go elsewhere in search of their daily bread. Over the years, we’ve
found regular reports on how the families no longer encourage the next generations to take up the craft owing
to narrow profit margins and even narrower market. Hence there is a need to help preserve, nurture and grow
their skills, in order to broaden their market. The main objective of our visit to the land of toys was to go deeper
into the craft research done on Channapatna by our seniors a year ago, and come up with fresh ideas and deliver
them to artisans. While our seniors compiled a detailed study on the craft, it was our turn to take the study a
step ahead, by developing concepts and products keeping in mind the 3 major aspects of the craft which
are – Forms, Joineries and Surface.
1
The Map
Siddu Lodge Kunnir Kattte
Kalanagar
Daira
Maya Organic
Chennapatna East Police Station
Anugraha Lodge
Bangalore - Mysore Highway
Chennapatna
2
Toys
are
re
ady to be soldCarv
ing and coloring of the toys in the lathe m
achine
Cutt
ing
the w
ood into desired shapes
Proc
urin
g th
e Al
le m
ara o
r the ivory wood
Seasoning of wood
Manufacturing Process
The Ivory wood which is used to make these dolls are light in
weight are cut into planks, then finely grained, so that it is
easy to work with. It is easy to cut, process and finish as the
artisans can find the wood in abundance as the tree is widely
present in the geographical area. Important feature of this
toys are they have smooth finish and non-toxic vegetable
colors are only used. In this way they are better than
Chinese toys which use silicon and toxic colors.
The methods they follow to prune ,season, and color the
wood are unique to craftsman of Chanapatna and it depends
on their skill and experience. In the past most artisans in
Chanapatna used to make traditional Dasara toys. But as
the prices of raw materials have gone up especially of lacquer
most artisans have given up the traditional profession.
3
The basic steps followed in makingThe mallet is used to beat the work piece to the desired form.
The piece is then cut in various parts using the mechanised saw machine.
The work piece is turned on the lathe machine using tools to curve the surface.
Cuts and incisions are made on the surface using chisels.
Sandpaper is used to smoothen and file the surface for a sleek finish.
This tool is used to measure the work piece with reference to the technical drawing of the design.
The surface is smoothened for the process of colouring.
The coloured lac sticks are used to impart the colours to the work piece.
Different vegetable dyes are used manufacture various coloured lac sticks.
The heat produced by friction melts the coloured lac stick on the surface.4
Seasoning of wood
How to know when the wood is ready
How is it prone to termites?
The wood is accquired from the agricultural lands by local distributors, they cut it to
the required size, they cut it varying from 3 to 4 inch, and we don’t go beyond 3.5 inch,
as there is a lot of rejection, and now itself its 40-45% from the procured raw material
i.e wood, so almost 50% of the wood they obtain is wasted.
After this the wood is cut and put to season, seasoning happens easily if the cross
section of the wood is small and larger cross sections like 3-3.5” takes 6-8 months to
season and you can take it for production only if the wood is completely seasoned and
if it is not seasoned properly it might shrink or expand and there can be formation of
fungus.
Yes the termites do eat the wood, but to prevent it, the wood is to be
kept in a place completely clean and dry, the powder produced during
the making of toys is used to make incense sticks.
You have moisture measuring meters, people here in channapatna are working with this wood from
last 300 years and there experience is enough to judge the seasoning of wood, they can pick up a
wood and tell whether the wood is 100% seasoned or 80% seasoned,the more heavier it is the more
moisture it contains, and the more lighter it is the less moisture it contains.
5
Aale Mara LacScrew Pine Leaf
The wood is light in color, slightly towards
off white, it is a soft wood. The wood
has a fine grain and polishes to a bright
finish. The wood doen’t require any
chemical treatment before use and
naturally resists most ailements. One of
the drawbacks of this wood is that big
objects cannot be made out of the wood
as it cracks easily when used,for it is
soft in nature. The powder gathered
during production is further used to
make incense sticks.
Lac is a form of natural polish that gives
finishing to the products. lac is scraped
from the bark of the trees where the
female lac bug, secretes it to form a
tunnel-like tube as it traverses the
branches of tree. Though these tunnels
are sometimes referred to as "cocoons",
they are not literally cocoons in the
entomological sense.. The insects suck
the sap of the tree and excrete "stick-
lac" almost constantly. The least
colouredlac is produced when the
insects feed on the kursum tree,
(Schleicheratrijuga).
The leaves of the screw pine like any
other palm tree has a bunch of long
thick leaves and grows densely in
branches, these leaves are used to
spread the lac evenly with the presence
of friction generated during turning,
and it also helps in giving a glossy finish
to the product.
The screw pine leaves don’t need any
kind of inspection. They just need to be
dried off completely before they can be
used. Dried off leaves have a brown color
with hardly any trace of green.
Raw Materials
6
The Makers, themselves
7
NAWAB KHANSYED SIRAJ MUHALLA
DAIRABOOR NO. 575AM BUILDING
PH NO. 9241351775
INCOME RS 6000/MONTH
NO EDUCATION
2 SONS- 3 YRS AND 5 YRSWIFE
DOESNT, WANT TO CONTINUE HIS PROFESSION
SENDS HIS SON TO THE SCHOOL DOESN’T WANT HIS CHILDEN TO
COME IN THIS PROFESSION
HAMIDINDIRA COTTAGE
H. NO. 275DAIRA
CHENNAPATNAPH. NO 9880427516
INCOME RS 5000/MONTHNO EDUCATION
3 DAUGHTER1 SON- CIVIL ENGINEER
WIFEWORKING SINCE 1981
DOESN’T WANT HIS CHILDREN TO CARRY ON WITH THIS PROFES-
SIONBECAUSE THERE IS
NO PROFIT IN THIS BUSINESSNO BENIFIT FROM THE
GOVERNMENT
8
2 SONS- AND 1 DAUGHTERWIFE
SENDS HIS SON TO THE SCHOOL DOESN’T WANT HIS CHILDEN TO
COME IN THIS PROFESSION
PARENTS, 4 BROTHERS, SPOUSE AND A 3 YEAR OLD SON.
AMONGST THE 5 BROTHERS, 2 BROTHERS, JAFFER AND IRFAAN,
WORK IN THE WORKSHOP.THE SON, SALEEM IS A 3 YEAR
OLD BOY, WHO WILL START SCHOOLING NEXT YEAR
Mr.Anish Kalanagar
JAFFER9341969473KALANAGAR
9
PRIMARY SCHOOL IN CHANNAPATNA. LEARNT THE
CRAFT AT THE AGE OF 16 FROM A CRAFTS CENTER.
WORKING SINCE 11 YEARS. NOT MARRIED, BUT IN FUTURE,
DOESN’T WANT HIS KIDS TO WORK IN THE SAME LINE AS
THERE IS NO MARKET.
3 BROTHERS ONE HANDLES INTERNATIONAL ORDERS OF WOOD TURNING
PRODUCTS, THE OTHER SPECIALIZES IN MAKING CURTAIN
RINGS AND HE HANDLES PRODUCT ORNAMENTATION .THEY HAVE BEEN INTO THIS BUSINESS SINCE 30-40 YEARS, BUT DO NOT WANT THEIR
KIDS TO JOIN THEM IN FUTURE.
MR. PERVEZ26
9738372151 AFSAR PASHA, #164, SATNUR
ROAD CROSS, INDRA COTTAGE. BEHIND JANTA SHAMIL.
MR. P. MD. ILYAS 27
BHARATH ARTS AND CRAFTS 080 27251663
#1549/2, NIZAMI CHOWK, CHANNAPATNA – 571501, RAMNAGARAM DISTRICT.
10
Other Lathe works in India
11
The things they make
12
Joinery
Group Objectives
To study and analyze all the strenghts and weaknesses of the chennapatna products , to understand the technicality of the chennapatna products which would maily include the in-depth study of joineries. Also find a solution of the weaknesses and problems of the artisans . Probably come out with some new lathing processes or tools or a different design on the same tool.
15
Group ResearchPROPERTIES OF WOOD
Rough - until it is sanded smoothHardBendy (pliable) if in sticks or thin piecesDryLight - compared to other building materials and it will float on water
A weight - it is strongWater - it slowly absorbs liquids but wet wood attracts moulds which eventually destroy it Shaping and carving - it is an easy material to use for decorative workInsects - woodworm, deathwatch beetle and other insects bore into wood and, again, destroy it
Electricity - it will not carry an electrical chargeHot or cold - wood is a good thermal insulator and will keep heat or cold in and out
If heated - it produces heat and burns to ashesIf allowed to dry out too quickly - it cracks
If mashed up - it can be made into paper
HARD WOOD - Hardwood comes from broadleaved trees. These are the sort of typical native British trees like oak, ash and beech. Most of these trees are deciduous; they lose their leaves in the winter. There are about a hundred times as many hardwood species as softwoods. Hardwoods are generally far more resistant to decay than softwoods when used
for exterior work.
SOFT WOOD - Softwood comes mainly from ever-green, coniferous trees which keep their foliage all the year. These are trees like pine and fir trees that are typical of cooler parts of the world. In general softwood is easy to work and has a huge range of uses. It is the prime material for structural building , but is also found in furniture and other prod-ucts such as doors and windows. Softwood is also
harvested for use in the production of paper.
16
MATERIALS CLOSER TO WOOD KINDS OF JOINTS IN CHENNAPATNA TOYS
NYLON ROD Very good physical properties Moisture has significant effect on properties Very good heat resistance Excellent chemical resistance Excellent wear resistance Moderate to high price Fair to easy processing
METALSCan be turned in the similar way a wood is doneVery good finish can be obtained
WAX Animal waxPant waxPetroleum derived waxMontan wax -It is very hard, reflecting the high concentration of saturated fatty acids and alcoholsPolyethylene and related derivatives
Note: we can increase the hardness by increasing the concentration of saturated fatty acids and alcohol
SMILEY
TIKI TIKI
RING O RING
UMBRELLA TOP
TIK TOK MAN
YOYO
TURTLE FAMILY
WHISTLES
CRITERIAS FOR MOVBLE JOINTSTYPES
Insertion
Interlock
Fastened – Nuts, bolts, rivets
Lap, butt, tee half, insertion, mitre
Glued – Adhesives etc.
Suspension – Thread, wire, springs
17
TURNED WOODEN PIECES
ASYMMETRICAL FORMS ON LATHE
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Ujjwal Anand
Anurag Das
C.P. Chitrupi
Preeat Sethi
Srishti Gupta
Group 1
Ujjwal Anand
Objectives
To come out with a new style of the product as well as a new category which
would be the result of all the permutations and combination, that would open new
doors for the chennapatna artisans as well as increase the product range that the
chennapatna has been producing uptill now.
“
“
20
Trend Forecast
The birth of new machines is changing future design processes, leading us into a crafted industrial age. Right now, manufacture is in a state flux, oscilllating between the digital and anologue eras. This trend looks at this moment of transition and the design it is inspiring-open-source, unstable systems, improvised form, organic prototypes, and design by intuition.
21
The report by the planning commission for handicrafts also states few vital point which can act as major steps for the betterment of chennapatna and its artisans. Some of these are:
* Diversification of the handicrafts : It has become the absolute necessity. The chennapatna prod-ucts need to enter the phase were they are used other than how they have been used till now.
* Branding : Branding the chennapatna toys and other products can also work as a pivot in enhanc-ing the Chennapatna’s and its artisan’s conditions.
*Brand association : The other important step can be, to associate the chennapatna work with that of the brands, It will not be an entire branding but there can be collaboration between a brand and chennapatna, where a finished product will have parts from both the brand and Chennapatna. eg. association of chaennapatna turned pieces with metalware of Artidinox.
* Make handcrafted products available to the branded strata of the society : This will help Chenna-patna in getting a better price for its products.
* Advertisement of the handcrafted product and possibly involve celebrities in the advertisement.
Report of planning commission
22
At Chennapatna
Working on the Lathe machine
23
Explorations
24
Preeat Sethi
25
Process followed
First I explored the existing joineries and then developed a few.
26
Then I joinery selected one (rotating and pulling out) - technology developed. I also selected insertion as one of my joinery.
I applied this technology and listed probable product range where this affordance can be used.
Using this technogy I first selected bottle stoppers and later after developing other mocks up using same joinery I decided to make candle
stands.
“
“
Inspiration Board
27
Look / Client Board
Trend Board
28
Using this technology I made candle stand and bottle stoppers. The concept behind the candle stand is that it is parts are interchangeable so the customer and change the color combination as they wish.Using insertion as a joinery I made a bowl that can be kept straight and tilted both, also bottle stoppers use the basic principle of insertion.
Existing Designs
Explorations
29
30
Srishti Gupta
Objectives
•To develop new products applying traditional craft skills and techniques of the age old Channapatna craft.
•Conceptual understanding of and sensitization towards the traditional craft, its ethnic values and its social
norms from the perspective of us aspiring modern day designers.
•Conceptual understanding of the craftsman’s perspective towards changes in traditional practices and their
modernization.
•Understanding the role of sustainable design in the constant evolution of crafts.
•Conceptual understanding of innovation, within the given definitions of a particular craft.
•Conceptual understanding of how an unorganised sector can produce consistent products.
•Concept of high quality in an inconsistent work environment.
31
Our topic being joinery, the first step was to do a study on the different types of existing joineries and further
researching on the various commonly used Channapatna joineries. On further study, I decided to focus on the linear
motion i.e. back and forth movement through insertion and did explorations in wood. My concept was to create
something that could easily be manufactured in Channapatna, domesticated by the artisans and packaged easily as
well, to make it more economical. I brainstormed on the different areas where linear motion could be used and de-
cided to work on tableware or work accessories from where I reached a conclusion of designing ‘Organisers’- which
can be used in a chaotic work environment where my product can make tasks easier. I researched on the various
organizers in the market and selected restaurants to position my product where my organiser can help restaurant
staff communicate orders from the customer to the chefs more easily, thus reducing chaos. And, another product
that can help billing and packaging counters to stock small products like stamps, staple pins etc.
Process followed
Design Brief
Keywords: Raw, contemporary, natural
To design a range of organisers for restaurant staff with raw, contemporary and natural feel using linear motion
which will help reduce chaos and ensure easier task completion.
32
Mood and Ambience Board
33
On the basis of this Cluster programme and visit to Channapatna, I realised that this place and the artisans have a charm and beauty of their own. They burn midnight oils to produce these beautiful and vibrant toys and most of them are satisfied with the wages they earn.What I enjoyed the best about it was gaining knowl-edge of the material and the various finishes. It provided ample exposure to available sustainable materials and skills of the craft. The process of using this traditional craft to create fresh contemporary designs was interesting and it was a memorable experience to learn how to communicate with the artisans in this unorganized environment.
“
“
34
C.P. Chitrupi
Objectives
To create products for 2-4 year old children to help them enhance their fine motor skills. Also, to try and incorporate joineries in them.
“ “
35
In the course of our group explorations, I came up with the idea of creating toys for the improvement of children’s motor skills. The process I followed was so:-•Gap research of the Channapatna toy market was done.•The observation was that not all age groups of children were considered while designing the products.•Based on the range of motor sill development in children, an age group of 2-4 years was identified.•Boards showing the Channapatna toys available, toys available in the market to enhance the motor skills and Client board was made.•Form generation.•Forms converted to prototypes based on ergonomic chart of children.
Design Process
Products in the market
36
Chennapatna toys to develop motor skills
Client Board 2-4 years
37
Explorations
38
Anurag Das
Objectives
Focus on making products primarily keeping immovable joints in mind while basing the product for readers.
“ “
39
Design Process
Joinery
Research
Immovablejoints
Client:Readers
Forms
Protyping
40
Client Board
The Client Board gives a glimse of the clients my products are going to serve. The clients include readers, who live and love reading to the core.
41
Theme Board
Sustainable Space Conserving
The Theme Board describes the theme my products reflect and are based on.
42
Explorations
43
The wooden nail act as a fastenerfastning two pieces of wood andthus restricting movement onceit goes through, thus creating an
imomovable joint.
Part A
Part B The part here joins the two other parts with the help of a rope and slides in and out but does not come out thusforming an immovable joint
LearningThe 10 days spend in Chennapatna helped me experience the production and manufacturing process of these toys, it also familirised me with the working of the single sided lathe machine, its advantages and constraints. I learnt about laquering and its techniques.
44
Gaurav Kumar
Ishani
Annu Kumari Bajaj
Firstly Joy Mary Dkhar
Group 2
Annu Bajaj
Objectives
work upon sliding principle and join different surfaces.“ “
46
Research
47
Inspiration Board
Keywords : Minimal Interactive
48
Design Brief
The Learning
The product range : Table lamp Pen stand Container Ashtray Card holder
Design minimal and interactive table top accecories for a work station for a woman.
As whole I learnt about this art of channapatna though my research and interection with few artisians.my artisian gajendra helped me in understanding the posibilities of forms,colurs,textures and joinery.he taught me how to evaluate the pros and cons before the execution.for example the products having thin wall are brittle,coluring in the inner wall of long hollow products are not possible ,vertical colouring is not possible on lath,etc.
49
Gaurav Kumar
Objectives
Inspirations
Props for a Jewellery Brand for it Visual Merchandising.“ “
•Magnet repulsion•Fan wind•Water motion•Moving product display •And exploration in wood material
50
Firstly Joy Mary Dkhar
Objectives
Make a range of jewellery using palm leaf as a joinery.“ “
51
Research
· A magnet is an object made of certain materials which create a magnetic field. Every magnet has at least one north pole and one south pole.
1-Adhesive magnet2-Counter sunk magnet3-Craft magnet4-Office magnet
52
Springs :
After all the research I came into conclusion by using palm leaf as a joinery because it is a natural material.Thickness is an important property, as it is directly proportional to the flexibility or stiffness ofpalm leaf and is a factor in determining the changes in objects in the course of agingor in preservation treatment
53
Inspiration Board
Keywords : Summer Vibrant
54
Trend Board
Learning
Forecast-bio dynamic 2013-2014
Early morning sunshine, lush greenery and bright citrus shades provide the energy for this fresh take on resort and vacation styling. Leisurely activities,between shopping and the beach, are styled and collaged with a glossy pop art approach to odd still lives and a strong sense of composition.
Forms are generate from this insipration board
and creating new range of jewellery products.
i came to know more about different Techniques and method of making products
Through the lathe machine
55
Work upon joinery by different types of threads [like- nylon thread, macrome thread, elastic, binding wire] and beads [wooden beads
from Channapatna, normal wooden beads].
Ishani
Objectives
“ “
56
ResearchCombing knotting [strings, nylon thread, macramé, binding wire] with channapatna beads. Macrame is a form of textile-making using knotting rather than weaving or knitting.A bead is a small, decorative object that is formed in a variety of shapes and sizes of a material such as glass, plastic, or wood, and that is pierced for threading or stringing. Binding Wire: A soft iron wire for holding together parts to be soldered.A knot is a method of fastening or securing linear material such as ropes or threads by tying or interweaving. Different knotting techniques used in jewellery making:- Macrame square knotDouble half hitch Double overhand/blood knot Half hitch knot Lark's head knot Multiple overhand sliding knot
Companies which are making such jewellery techniques are Ginger and Aayesha.
57
Key words- tribal, simple
Product range: Necklaces, Ear-rings
Forecast : CURATOR
Sub-forecast : THE ICONIC LIFE
Sophistication translated into bright yet elegant look combining strong colors/ primary brights.
Design simple Jewellery inspired by tribal jewellery using the joineries and knotting.
Design Brief
58
Inspiration Board
59
Explorations
60
Group 3
Vaishakh Murli
Neo.SShamal Ns
My explorations are based on the process by means of which wood can be treated by joinery process. My concepts are based on the rendered sketches,then I have worked on the lathe and explored my concepts.
Vaishakh Murli
Objectives
Research
“ “
Joinery is a part of woodworking that involves joining together pieces of wood, to produce more complex items. Some wood joints employ fasteners, bindings, or adhesives, while others use only wood elements. The characteristics of wooden joints - strength, flexibility, toughness,appearance, etc. - derive from the properties of the joining materials and from how they are used in the joints. Therefore, different joinery techniques are used to meet differing requirement.
62
Inspiration Board
63
Explorations
Learning
In this cluster, helped me to build up more innovations, and understanding design concept. .Our faculty she di-vided us in groups and she gave us the topics. After that I started my explorations. While working with the workers on lathe the techniques that was used really helped me to understand the beauty of wooden products which was done on lathe. The Lathe work is not an easy work it was very difficult.
Its a nice experience for me..
64
Neo.S
Objectives
Research
My explorations are based on the process by means of which wood can be treated by joinery process. My concepts are based on the rendered sketches,then I have worked on the lathe and explored my concepts.
“ “
Joinery is a part of woodworking that involves joining together pieces of wood, to produce more complex items. Some wood joints employ fasteners, bindings, or adhesives, while others use only wood elements. The characteristics of wooden joints - strength, flexibility, toughness,appearance, etc. - derive from the properties of the joining materials and from how they are used in the joints. Therefore, different joinery techniques are used to meet differing requirement.
65
Trend Board
66
Explorations
Learning
This module was interesting and has helped me to generate new ideas & innovations. Our faculty divided us into different groups ,and we decided our topics as forth. We took our topic as joineries, and explored a lot on joineries.Then i made inspiration board and after that I started generating forms and made 3d mock-ups of those forms by using clay. At last I converted those forms into products In channa patna.
Artisans there used techniques which were very interesting and quick to learn.
67
Abhishek Kotiyal
Saurabh Kumar
Ujan Bhattacharya
Nitish Kumar Singh
Group 4
Using joineries to make Lighting products.. ““
Objectives
Nitish Kumar Singh
69
Client Board
70
Theme Board
71
Product Brief
72
Explorations
73
Using the ball and socket joint to make Lighting products. “
“
Objectives
Saurabh Kumar
74
Theme Board
75
Explorations
76
Using Ball and socket joint and rivets in making Chennapatna products.“
“
Objectives
Ujan Bhattacharya
77
Research
Wood enhances sound quality of any audio device or musical instruments.
In Channapatna wood is mostly given shape by turning it on lathe, therefore generally the products made are round in shape.
The characteristic shape of Channapatna toys and the sound quality in wood gave me the idea of making headphones.
I’ve kept the ergonomic factors about the cup sizes, headband sizes and the adjustibility in mind. The pieces should be comfortable and be able to give good output in sound.
I have not taken any specific kind of aesthetic inspiration from anything apart from the characteristic forms and colours of this Persian style of woodcraft.
Objective was to bring out the Channapatna look and feel in a set of headphones.
Persian Woodcraft
78
Explorations
79
Using rivets in making Chennapatna products.“
“
Objectives
Abhishek Kotiyal
80
Theme Board
81
Explorations
82
Forms
Group Objectives
To study and analyze all the strenghts and weaknesses of the chennapatna products , to understand the technicality of the chennapatna products which would maily include the in-depth study of forms. Also find a solution of the weaknesses and problems of the artisans . Probably come out with some new lathing processes or tools or a different design on the same tool.
84
Group Research
Characteristics of Wrightia tinctoria:
It is cheaper, and there is more because it grows more quickly, it is lighter. They are also easy to carve and can be used for detail work.They are lightweight and easy to work with.It is quite tacky sometimes, and not very strong, so it isn't good for furniture.
Issues - Seasoned wood 4” thick or more is virtually unobtainable
The reason is purely economic. It takes many years to fully air dry a 4” plank of wood or sev-eral expensive weeks in a kiln. The high wastage and the cost of the overheads are so high that most sawmills are reluctant to cut anything thicker than 2” for stock.
Thicker timber is available but it is usually sold as “part seasoned” before it has a chance to dry fully. It is a sad fact that many sawmills, even reputable ones, will sell thick wood as “kiln dried” which is only dry on the outside skin. If you turn something out of it - say a bowl - you are asking for trouble. The stresses inside the timber are released when it is turned and it will soon warp or split.You might be lucky and find some timber which has been stored for years for some reason, but normally you can be sure that wood more than 3” thick will be only “part seasoned” and will not be suitable for turning immediately into a finished object.
Properties important for lathing : I deal wood - Fairly straight grain, and few, tight, knots. Never turn a split piece of stock, or one with loose knots, these may separate during turning, and become projectiles traveling at a significant speed.
Wrightia tinctoria
85
Woods similar to rhito tinctoria -
Turning Branches Some of the prettiest turned objects are made from branches and small logs of Laburnum, yew or similar trees. These can be turned green or part seasoned. If they are well sealed after turning, perhaps with three or four coats of sand-ing sealer, they will be O.K. It is worth trying the following home grown timbers. . .Laburnum Yew Boxwood Oak Strawberry tree (garden shrub) Lilac Mulberry Hawthorn and Blackthorn Plum, Cherry, Apple etc
Basic Profiles and Tools
In woodturning there are only a handful of basic profiles a wood-turner would cut when turning spindles. These basic shapes include: •Fillet•Cove•V-Cut•Bead•Ogee•Swell•Hollow•FlatThere are only four different types of tools one would need to cut these shapes:
•the roughing gouge•spindle gouge•skew chisel •parting tool.
Lathe Tools
Turning tools are generally made from three different types of steel, carbon steel, high speed steel (HSS) and more recently powdered metal. Comparing the three types, high speed steel tools maintain their edge longer, requiring less frequent sharp-ening than carbon steel, but not as long as powdered metal tools. The harder the type of high speed steel used, the longer the edge will maintain sharpness. Powdered steel is even harder than HSS, but takes more effort to obtain an edge as sharp as HSS, just as HSS is harder to get as sharp as Carbon Steel. Unlike other edged woodworking tools, woodturning tools require more frequent sharpening, because the wood passes at a great speed. To maintain a clean cut, the sharpness of the tools edge must be maintained. The sharpening process requires either skill of the craftsman, or one of the many available sharpening jigs, which facilitate maintaining a specific bevel on the tool. High speed steel is not prone to blueing (overheating) whereas carbon steel blues easily, requiring frequent quenching to avoid losing temper (mak-ing the edge too soft.)
Lathe tools are called knives or chisels, sometimes interchange-ably. They feature long, round, curved handles to afford a solid grip and sufficient lever-age to enable the turner to control the cutting edge accurately with minimal fatigue. Common wood chisels simply are too short and are ill-designed for this purpose.
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Turning tools can be divided in four groups:
•Gouges. These usually have specially shaped cutting edges for performing particular cuts, such as bowl gouges, with concave, curved cutting edges to form the smooth, curved surface of a bowl, or vee, or knurling gouges for cutting grooves or knurls in wooden spindles.
form the smooth, curved surface of a bowl, or vee, or knurling gouges for cutting grooves or knurls in wooden spindles.•Scrapers. These are often flat or slightly curved chisels for re-moving wood from flat or cylindrical shapes, or for roughing out a shape.
•Parting tools. These are thin, vee tipped tools for cutting off work pieces.
•Spoon cutters have a spoon shaped cutting edge and are also often used for shaping bowls.•Other tools you may encounter are skew chisels, fluted gouges, spindle gouges, and nose chisels.
Often used types of turning tools•roughing gouge - a wide fluted gouge used to initially round a wooden spindle, and to roughly shape it. Generally not intended for cutting end grain due to the large cut it takes and the rela-tively weak tang connecting the blade to the handle. Unsafe for making bowls or any faceplate work.•spindle gouge or detail gouge - a shallow fluted gouge used to create details on spindles, including beads (raised portions of the turning typically semi-circular in cross section) and coves (relieved portions of the turning).
•bowl gouge - a deep fluted gouge used to turn the outside and inside of bowls and vessels. Often has a thicker shaft and longer handle than a spin-dle gouge because it has to cut farther away from the hand rest and deal with the forces of turning a large bowl.•skew chisel - a wide, steeply point chisel with the edge running at an angle to the length of the tool. Used to smooth flat spindles, cut beads, and add details. Skew chisels are only used on spindle work (never on faceplate work) and are honed after sharpening to create a razor edge.•parting tool - a pointed tool used to separate (part off) work from the lathe, and to create a straight edge separating large and small diameter sections - wide parting tools also called bedans are used to create evenly sized spindle sections.•hollowing tool - many different types of tools used to cut out the deep sections of steep bowls, vases and hollow vessels. Often with very long han-dles, to maintain enough leverage when working in a deep vessel, far away from the hand rest.•scraper - a tool that scrapes the wood fibres instead of cutting - these are used to smooth off wooden items cut with other tools, and to shape items that are not possible or difficult to shape with gouges. A sharp scrap-er has a burr at the edge which cuts the wood, only a dull scraper actually scrapes.•bowl saver - a tool used to core out the inside part of a bowl, allowing the waste piece to be used to create a smaller bowl, and to limit the amount of wood chips created when hollowing out a bowl.•auger – a drill bit used to drill a hole partway or all the way through a wooden item. For cutting the hole for a lamp cord, or as the first step when hollowing out a bowl or vessel
•chatter tool - a flexible scraper used to add decorative chatter marks to turned items•wire - a simple wire, sometimes with handles attached at either side, for the purpose of burning lines into the piece with friction.
there are also several tool types for special purposes, as well as tools that are a combination design of the above tools, i.e. skew/chisel combinations, thread cutting tools, ring cutting tools, medium fluted gouges, etc.
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LATHE OPERATIONS
The engine lathe is an accurate and versatile machine on which many operations can be performed. These operations are:
1. Plain Turning and Step Turning2. Facing3. Parting4. Drilling5. Reaming6. Boring7. Knurling8. Grooving9. Threading10. Forming
Pyrography
Pyrography or pyrogravure is the art of decorating wood or other materials with burn marks resulting from the controlled application of a heated object such as a poker. It is also known as pokerwork or wood burning.Pyrography is also popular among gourd crafters and artists, where designs are burned onto the exterior of a dried hard-shell gourd, usually with dramatic results.wood carving
Wood Carving
Wood carving is a form of working wood by means of a cutting tool (knife) in one hand or a chisel by two hands or with one hand on a chisel and one hand on a mallet, resulting in a wooden figure or figurine, or in the sculptural ornamentation of a wooden object. The phrase may also refer to the finished product, from individual sculptures, to hand-worked mouldings
Pyrography
Some of the finest extant examples of early European wood carving are from the Middle Ages in Germany, Russia, Italy and France, where the typical themes of that era were Christian iconography. In England many complete examples remain from the 16th and 17th century, where oak was the pre-ferred medium in this case.
Methods and styles
•Chip carving•Relief carving•Scandinavian flat-plane•Caricature carving•Lovespoon•Treen•Whittling
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Priyanka Gangwal
Mehul Sharma
Mansha Chawla
Ninon Kersbergen
Group 1
Mehul Sharma
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Client Board
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Mood Board
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Explorations
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Priyanka Gangwal
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Theme Board
Baroque
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Mood Board
Design BriefTo design an elaborate collection of lifestyle accessories, like jewelry for women falling in the age group of 20-25, who like experimenting with bold forms, using wood turning, taking inspiration from baroque period, making the collection look elaborate through forms or designs of products, as wood turned jewelry are generally too simple by nature.
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Explorations
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Mansha Chawla
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Explorations
Cutlery inspired from Greek Architecture and style of simplicity
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Cutlery inspired from Greek Architecture and style of simplicity
Surface
Group Objectives
To study and analyze all the strenghts and weaknesses of the chennapatna products , to understand the technicality of the chennapatna products which would maily include the in-depth study of surface techniques. Also find a solution of the weaknesses and problems of the artisans . Probably come out with some new lathing processes and finishing techniques.
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Group ResearchChannapatna. which is also commonly known as the “Toy Town” of India, is a small city located 80 km south-west of Bangalore, on the Bangalore-Mysore state highway. It has a legacy of toys which is more than 200 years old. Centuries ago Tipu Sultan invited artisans from Persia to train the locals of Channapatna. They started by carving toys out of ivory initially then switched to rubber, cedar, and teak. The art has gone global in the recent years and there has been a great demand of toys from the UK and The US. Rocking horses, jumping clowns and the clapping monkeys have recently become one of the favourites amongst the children in India and abroad.
Tools Machinery and Color
Channapatna still uses traditional machinery and tools in terms of production equipments. These are as follows:-
1. The artisans have the overhead belt drivers that are driven by a small motor and one end of the belt drive converts the vertical rotatory motion into horizontal rotatory motion.2. The artisans use various measuring equipments such as a com-pass, angles, planes and a wide variety of other instruments to achieve various shapes.3. For chipping they use a number of files and chisels of different shapes and sizes.4. Coloring is done using vegetable dyes while the wooden block is still rotating on the lathe.
Apart from the mechanized or hand machines they use a number of other tools to manipulate the surface of the toys, such as a drilling machine is used to drill holes in certain toys, a chisel is used to develop grooves and create curves on the surface.
• Process of Lacquering
Vegetable dyes are used in the colouring process to ensure that the toys and dolls are safe for use by children.
• Manufacturing Process - Channapatna Toys
LACLac is the scarlet resinous secretion of a number of species of insects. Shellac is a resin secreted by the female lac bug, on trees in the forests of India and Thailand. It is processed and sold as dry flakes (pictured at right), which are dissolved in ethyl alcohol to make liquid shellac, which is used as a brush-on colorant, food glaze and wood finish.Shellac was once used in electrical applications as it possesses good insulation qualities and it seals out moisture.
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WHAT IS LACQUER?
Lacquer is a somewhat imprecise term for a clear or colored wood finish that dries by solvent evaporation. It is also often a curing process as well that produces a hard, durable finish. This finish can be of any sheen level from ultra matte to high gloss, and it can be further polished as required.
In terms of modern products, lac-based finishes are referred to as shellac, while lacquer refers to other polymers dissolved in volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as nitrocellulose, and later acrylic compounds dissolved in lacquer thinner, a mixture of several solvents typically containing butyl acetate and xylene or toluene. While both lacquer and shellac are traditional finishes, lacquer is more durable than shellac.
SHELLAC
Shellac is scraped from the bark of the trees where the female lac bug, secretes it to form a tunnel-like tube as it traverses the branches of tree. The insects suck the sap of the tree and excrete “stick-lac” almost constantly. The least colored shellac is produced when the insects feed on the kursum tree. It takes about 100,000 lac bugs to make 500 grams of shellac flake. The raw shellac, which contains bark shavings and lac bugs removed during scraping, is placed in canvas tubes (much like long socks) and heated over a fire. This causes the shellac to liquefy, and it seeps out of the canvas, leaving the bark and bugs behind. The thick, sticky shellac is then dried into a flat sheet and broken into flakes, or dried into “buttons” (pucks/cakes), then bagged and sold. The end-user then crushes it into a fine powder and mixes it with ethyl alcohol prior to use, to dissolve the flakes and make liquid shellac.
Lac cultivation and extraction
For cultivating lac, two types of host trees are used, perennial trees and annual bushes. They are infested with lac insects and left undisturbed. Thousands of lac insects colonize branches of the trees and secrete the resinous pigment. After five to six months lac-bearing branches are cut, and broods are tied to new host trees. The harvested trees are left for one to two years so that they grow new branches.For cultivating lac, two types of host trees are used, perennial trees and annual bushes. They are infested with lac insects and left undisturbed. Thousands of lac insects colonize branches of the trees and secrete the resinous pigment. After five to six months lac-bearing branches are cut, and broods are tied to new host trees. The harvested trees are left for one to two years so that they grow new branches.
Kerria lacca is a species of scale insect of the family Kerriidae. It is most well known for secreting lac, a scarlet substance that is used for dyeing wool and silk, as a cosmetic, and as a medicinal drug. Kerria lacca insects inhabit trees in colonies of thousands and secrete the resinous substance.
Kerria lacca excretions can be processed to produce shellac.
Kerria Lacca or the Lac bug
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Vikas Prabhakar
Janhavi Wadekar
Deepshikha
Simran Bahmania
Sneha M.S
Group 1
Possible Joinery Techniques between Chennapatna laquering techniques and Terecotta“
“
Objectives
Janhavi Wadekar
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Research
RESEARCH ON TERRACOTA
Terra cotta is one of the oldest building materials and sculpting media. The term simply means “baked earth” in Latin. Used in ancient times to make pipes, cooking pots, bricks, cornices and architectural ornaments, its principal use today is in the sculp-ture and tile that bear its unmistakable orange color and porous texture.In archaeology and art history, “terracotta” is often used of objects not made on a potter’s wheel, such as figurines, where objects made on the wheel from the same material, possibly even by the same person, are called pottery; the choice of term depending on the type of object rather than the material.
PROCESS-
Mix clay. Terra cotta--as opposed to earthenware, which is mostly soil--is simply a mixture of fine-grained clays made of primarily silica, alumina, and other alkaline material such as lime. Ready powdered mixes can be purchased that, when mixed with water, yield malleable clay. Recycled clay that hasn’t been fired is called “grog” and can be used like new terra cotta.Wet or partially dried terra cotta can be molded by hand, on a pottery wheel or using a cast.
Apply glaze (optional). Unlike some forms of pottery, terra cotta is not glazed after it has been fired. Therefore, if the finish product is going to be waterproofed, a glaze containing variable proportions of water and metallic oxides can be sprayed on the piece to produce either a matte, satin or gloss finish. Powders in the gloss can also be added to modify the color of the finished productDry and fire. After allowing the terra cotta mix to dry and
harden somewhat, it is fired in a pottery kiln at a temperature of 1,080 degrees Celsius, which is hotter than a bisque firing. Firing can take from as little as 3 to as many 20 hours depending on the moisture of the clay and the thickness of the design. Use tongs to handle or remove hot clay from the kiln.
Terracotta Horse
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Exploration
LearningPOSSIBLE JOINERY BETWEEN WOOD AND TERRACOTA-
Tongue and groove jointHalved joint
MORTISE AND TENON JOINT- A stub (the tenon) will fit tightly into a hole cut for it (the mortise).
INSERTION
USE OF ADHESIVE
Combination of wood and terracotta-
Terracotta and Channapatna products have similarity in terms of shape and hence, it was interesting to merge these two crafts to-gether. Terracotta is eco friendly and has not been previously used with Channapatna products.
Combination of wood and thread-
Surface ornamentation using thread wound on wood surface. This can be done both manually as well as on running lathe. This gives a soft as well as hard texture on one product.
The traditional Channapatna products basically small in size and basic color s are used. However, minimal use of colors will suit the modern contemporary taste. It may involve use of single color or use of wax to preserve the natural look of wood yet giving it a finish. We experimented with the size and choose to try something different by shifting from small scale products. Making of bigger products is a little risky because there are chances of wood cracking. The major problem faced that everyone faced was shortage of large sized wood logs. Traditionally, small sized logs are used by every artisan and very few of them had bigger wood logs. Working on lathe is very easy and interesting but you have to follow some safety measures. While working on lathe, the forms you can make are very limited but you can experiment with the color and texture. Of all the processes involved in making Channapatna products, the most difficult one is filling color and giving surface finish using palm leaf. This task requires patience and experience.
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Explore the various surface finishing and polishing techniques and come up with somthing different and equally useful“ “
Objectives
Deepshikha
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Research
Dyes :- •Shades can be done in wood•Sinthic colour used •Need too be cheap in market •Collected the colour from nature •Dye colour can be use on wood•Dye printing can happen but no durabilty•Dye can get mix with lacquer
Types of texture we try :-
1.Saw dust2.Thread 3.Punching/ dumping 4.Fevicol5.Carving6.Embossed
Come with alternatives of fevicol :-
•Plastic•Acrylic•Resin(Transparent, Parmanent, Flexible).
It was made by using fevicol on wood and spreading poster colours on it which
gave the above outcome.
Different shades of poster colour were blown on a piece of wood and merged
together to get secondary and tertiary colours.
It was made by using fevicol on wood and letting it to dry thus attaining a three
dimentional textured look.
Explorations
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Exploration with wood and resin
Colour blocking technique has been applied. Wood was dipped into the red pster colour and then it was wrapped on the piece of wood and then it was
removed.
Exploration with wood and resin
Exploration with colorbeads
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Incorporating Dimpling technique in Chennapatna products especially in the jewellery sector.“
“
Objectives
Simran Bahmahnia
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Research
Dimpling :
Using various size countersink bits.This is a simple technique but when using different depth,diameters and randomly spaced dim-ples this can turn out to be very attractive.To enhance this even more colouring can be applied.
Carving:
This can be carried out using various tools and using them on different angles.Proxxon mini arbortech is a tool which is a very quick way to remove material in a ran-dom way without too much accuracy
Pyrography:
Most pyrography toolsdo similar jobs but tobe really effective, theyneed to be of fairly highpower to produce fineburnt lines. Most typescan also be used withhomemade tips ofvarious shapes to create different decorations.
Piercing:
Piercing does not need to be carried out using the expensive dentist type drills and other very high speed machines.The mainrequirement though to make it quick and fairly easy is to use a relativelysoft wood.
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Explorations
Punch tool has been used with different diameters ans has been punched on a wood piece by different angles at
random places.
Punch tool was used to punch on the wooden piece using hammer and then stone fitting was done.
Wood piece has been burnt using candle by differ-ent angles so as to get this texture.
Different tools has been used and punched by hammer and material has been removed from
wooden piece to get such texture.
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I carried forward the idea of dimpling and stone setting.i thought of bringing a change in Textures of channapatna. Area of Textures has never been explored much in chanapatna. Dimpling and removing material with tools is an easy technique which can be used by artisans and its not that time consuming so, it becomes easy for them to pro-duce more number of pieces in less time. Looking at the earlier products of channapatna i personally found that jewelry section wasn’t explored that widely. I thought of incorporating these techniques in beads.
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Incorporating the technique of blending of colors in laquer and using it to make containers.“
“
Objectives
Sneha MS
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Research
Tools Machinery and Color
Channapatna still uses traditional machinery and tools in terms of production equipments. These are as follows:-
1. The artisans have the overhead belt drivers that are driven by a small motor and one end of the belt drive converts the vertical rotatory motion into horizontal rotatory motion.2. The artisans use various measuring equipments such as a compass, angles, planes and a wide variety of other instruments to achieve various shapes.3. For chipping they use a number of files and chis-els of different shapes and sizes.4. Coloring is done using vegetable dyes while the wooden block is still rotating on the lathe.
Apart from the mechanized or hand machines they use a number of other tools to manipulate the surface of the toys, such as a drilling machine is used to drill holes in certain toys, a chisel is used to develop grooves and create curves on the sur-face.
• Process of Lacquering
Vegetable dyes are used in the colouring process to ensure that the toys and dolls are safe for use by children.
Products
The products created in Channapatna are absolutely eco friendly and non hazard-ous items and particularly are safe for children. The toys are without any sharp edges and non toxic , thus rendering them safe for children. These products are made using soft wood and vegetable dyes. Vividly coloured and finely finished these products attract a large number of tourists from India and abroad.
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Try to work with a combination of ink and laqcuer to create new surface finishes.“
“
Objectives
Vikas Prabhakar
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Research
Explorations
I basically did my entire cluster on surface finishing and ornamentations.In channapatna they use the vegetable lac for finishing but during my cluster, I tried to explore the lac with ink so that I could get new finishes. I tried to get the data aboutvarious types of inks the market today, and which types of ink we can use.
The types of inks that I found were:
Hybrid system ink : this ink required no heat to cure it .
Soy based ink : unlike petroleum based ink, it was vivid in color.
Flink ink : based in Detroit is a vegetable based line of ink, made up of 40% of blend soybean and corn oil,allows fast set drying Sun chemical :lined of vegetable Gun ink & supply derived from soyabean oil Apparel water based ink : used on clothing for soft print
Eco solvent ink : it comes in a wide range of colors
Pen with laquer Ink with laquer Use pen ink and lac without sanding the surface
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Paint color + ink with pen +lac Explore lac
Blue ink with lac without using sand paper
Gradient by exploring lac single color green
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Group 2
Rohan Kumar Singh
Aparna Gupta
Monika Rai
Swati Basanwal
Using the technique Ukibori to give a new form of texture to Chennapatna products. “
“
Objectives
Aparna Gupta
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Coloring is done using vegetable dyes while the wooden block is still rotating on the lathe.The vegetable dyes are used to impart eye catching and bright colours to the toys to make them attractive for the buyers and visitors who visit the village. Moreover there is a wide range of files of different shapes and sizes used to further manipulate the surface by creating other innovative designs on the toys.
UkiboriStep 1 is to impress the lines. This can be done with knitting needles of a couple of thicknesses.Step 2 is to sand the surface down to the level of the lines. Step 3 is to wet the surface. Pouring on near-boiling water here and the lines just popped out pretty much immediately
Research
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Exploration
Trend Board
Forecast
My exploration on wood. Ukibori
Modern Myth
The Modern Myth consumer tribe Fable Seekers consists of people re-evaluating folklore and tradition, mixing religions and finding new paths to spirituality. They are dreamers who are penning their own histories and tapping into forgotten tales, ancient foods and alternative communities.Modern Myth looks at how consumers around the world are tapping into traditional folklore and stories in order to make sense of contemporary culture. This trend also highlights the hybrid mindset that is becom-ing more commonplace, with blurred interpretations of east and west
-through culture, history and tradition
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Inspiration Board
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Brand Board
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Explorations in Chennapatna
Learning
Refined Work
My learning through the course- This course taught me a very important aspect of design and product in terms of market. Being in a design school one should know which material will be more cost effec-tive and functionally useful. This module also made me understand the need of making technical drawings, how to communicate the design, and how to get it made. This module helped me in understanding the various steps involved in a making a mock up and how important each step is. I understood each and every step however small it may be is very crucial in design process prototyping.
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Incorporating the inlay technique in Chennapatna produts to give them a textured finish. “
“
Objectives
Monika Rai
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Inlay technique –
It is a decorative technique of inserting pieces of contrasting, often colored materials into depressions in a base object to form patterns or pictures.
Resin crystal used for better inlay
And I explored that lines used by artisian on Channapatna toys is so simple and uniform and it is done on small area of product , so I tried to play with these simple lines to create new and interesting
textures
Research
ExplorationsMetal wire inlay
Textures produced using fevicol and resin.127
Inlay with Resin
Learning
The whole cluster programme brought me closer to the artisans and their everyday life and how these Chennapatna toys were made from scratch. I learnt about how the lathe machine works in producing the forms.
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Exploring the existing textures and coming up with new texture using various surface techniques. “ “
Objectives
Rohan Kumar Singh
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Explorations
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Other Techniques
Learning
Fevicol :- while rotating the device on lathe apply different layers of fevicol. After drying it gives a dry tactile texture.
Sanding machine:- give textures by sanding machine or sand paper.
Waxing – wax gives a natural glossy finish to the product.
The entire visit of cluster was interesting and i learnt lots of things and techniques. It was interesting to see how things work there. From nothing they creates many interesting products. I learnt how to handle lathe and how to work on it. Giving colors n textures is also a very interesting part of learning.
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Exploring the existing textures and coming up with new texture using various surface techniques. “
Objectives
Swati Basanwal
“
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Mood Board
I got inspired from the Natural texture and Raw forms which gives peaceful feeling.Living in urban area yet to rememorize the good old days of simple life. There is only shades of black andwhite.Nothing more can be natural than the sunrise and sunset which gives feeling of calmness in life.
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Client Board
My client boards depicts the urban business people who wants to connect to the peaceful world fromtheir busy and hectic life.
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Explorations
After i explored different types of texture.For example1.using Fevicol and paper2.hammering the wood3. sand4. differnt fabrics, leather5. soldering on the woodi decided to use leather. Soft wood and black leather gives classic feeling all together. On softwoodwith clear wax i pasted black leather giving it a simple and earthy feeling.
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Conclusion
This visit to Channapatna and conversations with people living there and artisans working has truly been an eye opening
experience. It has taught us much more than what we had initially expected.
It’s a misnomer to say that Channapatna craft is dying. Yes, resources are shrinking and skilled artisans do not know
how to market their craft. But it is the responsibility of us as future designers to step up and show how the crafts can
be used to fulfill the demands of the contemporary market and come up with products that are useful, well-designed
and marketable.
It took some time to understand the craft. We could see many skilled artisans, but they were not doing much beyond
the typical napkin rings and such products demanded by the export houses. And the traditional
lacquering technique had almost died out. The beauty of Channapatna lacquer work is in the tonal gradation of the color
and the export houses would have none of it. They wanted monotones and prompted the artisans to fall back on syn-
thetic dyes. We realized that there is a need for cutting out the middle men, providing the
designs and concepts and get the artisans to work from their own units, working with the traditional methods to pro-
duce edgy, contemporary objects.
People’s lifestyle and aspirations have changed dramatically. They want new things every six months and as
designers we will have to ensure that they get those. That’s the only way for crafts to survive. And instead of
individual products, it helps to work on entire concepts. Say, the living room. Instead of offering just a
candle-holder which may or may not go with the overall décor of a home, why not help create a look for the entire room
with lights, vases, fittings and the whole works,
To keep the craft forms going, as design school graduates we have to step up and play a role. We gave in our best to
contribute something to the growth and marketability of the artisans as one can’t sell the tragedy of the craftsmen
and retail their products in isolated fairs and forums. Each one of us worked on specific aspects of the craft, and devel-
oped product concepts in the hope of seeing the final product out in the market some day.
Thus, the cluster has taught us a lot, there’s much more to one-sided lathe works, coloring using lacquer, tools used by
artisans, their lifestyle and about Channaptna craft on the whole. What we tried doing and need to do in future is show
them how to survive in the market, show them how to innovate and thrive.
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Bibliography
References to websites visited for research data :
1. www.dsource.in2. www.article.wn.com3. www.wikipedia.com
Primary data was attained by talking to the artisans and local inhabitants and surveing the existing market,etc.
The End
