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IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Personal Computer Evolution
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Key Questions:
• What is a computer?
• What is a program?
• How does it work?
• What can you do with it?
• What is CAD?
• What is a Robot?
• What is Intelligence?
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
What is a Computer?
Definition:
“A computer is a programmable machine.” The two principal characteristics of a computer are:
• It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner
• It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).” http://www.webopedia.com
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
What is a Program?
Genetic Algorithm
Design (Social)
Algorithm
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
What is a Program?
Social Algorithm
A set of general norms or conventions subject to interpretation that may or may
not result in a desired outcome.
Genetic Algorithm
A specific set of rules or instruction to achieve a desired outcome.
Cake Recipes
Mathematical Equation
Assembly Instructions
Computer Programs
DNA
The Justice System
Dance Recitals
Elections
Dress Codes
Wolf Packs
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
What is a Program?
Algorithm
1. An effective method expressed as a finite list of well-defined instructions for calculating a function. Starting from an initial state and initial input (perhaps empty), the instructions describe a computation that, when executed, proceeds through a finite[number of well-defined successive states, eventually producing "output“ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm#Informal_definition
2. Procedure that produces the answer to a question or the solution to a problem in a finite number of steps. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/algorithm
Heuristic
1. Refers to experience-based techniques for problem solving, learning, and discovery that give a solution which is not guaranteed to be optimal (i.e. “rule of thumb”) in more precise terms, heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
What is a Program?
Algorithm Example
Reliable Macdonald’s
Repeatable Oreos
Measurable 1km, 2”
Optimal Aerodynamic
Incremental Innovation
Video Stores
Identical Coke Cans
Heuristic Example
Uncertain Backyard BBQ
Variable Baked Cookies
Value Judgement
Large, Fast
Inefficient Decorative
Disruptive Innovation
Netflix
Original Hand blown
Glass
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Knowledge Systems
Algorithm Heuristics
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Knowledge Systems
Algorithm Heuristics Human Machine Interface
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Knowledge Systems
Individual Group Automation
Algorithm Heuristics
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Knowledge Systems
Algorithm Heuristics
Individual Group Automation
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Knowledge Revolutions?
Industrial Variables Computer
Steam Engine + Coal Technology Transistors + Microchips
Coffee Houses Shared Knowledge Homebrew Clubs
British Power Political Stability American Power
International Trade Infrastructure Open Architecture
Mercantilists Profit Motive Venture Capital
Bourgeoise Market Demand Average Users
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Knowledge Development Curve
Algorithm
Heuristics
Spark
Monopoly
Pivot
Exit
Open Source
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Apple Product Evolution
Algorithm
Heuristics
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Product Evolution
Algorithm
Heuristics
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Computer Evolution 1980s
Algorithm
Heuristics
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Algorithm to Heuristic Stage
Algorithm Heuristics
Brains
Suits
IDES 2105 Computer Applications
Heuristic to Algorithm
Hackers
Heuristics Algorithm
Hippies
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