KATANGA SLUM UPGRADING PROJECT

ECODU EMMANUEL KIGOZI ALLAN SSERUMA BRUCE SEMBOGGA CANAAN SENABULYA JAMES

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GROUP 5

Design objectives OBJECTIVES OF SLUM UPGRADING Creating a healthy environment for human life Extending reasonable services both cultural and public to all slum dwellers Provision of habitable, decent, inspiring and sustainable residential areas Promoting beneficial urban development Providing for efficient and sound infrastructure Creating efficient and economical land use patterns

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•LOCATION IN THE CITY CENTRE. Katanga slum area is one of many existing slum areas in Kampala city and hence calls for a need to upgrade the area to promote urban development •HIGH POPULATION ON SITE and its effects on urban areas as more and more people increase within these slum areas

site suitability

PHYSICAL CONSIDERATIONS landscaping: need to balance the built-up

environment with the natural vegetation High water table: in the area closer to the

Katanga channel the water table is very high close to 2m and special considerations need to be made

Proper drainage solutions to promote proper waste disposal to improve health, sanitation

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Utilities Katanga channel. There is need to

preserve the stream in a clean and healthy state to promote proper drainage and reduce pollution.

Drainage. Proper planning of drainage facilities within the site and residential areas with covered drains so as to reduce pollution and dumping.

Waste collection. Need to provide for waste disposal and sorting points so as reduce dumping and poor waste disposal

Drainage channel

MAJOR SITE CONSIDERATIONS

TRANSPORT Pedestrian movement. The provisions for

pedestrians need to be improved and provided in some areas to promote accessibility and permeability within the site

Street lighting. To promote security and a more vibrant residential development, lighting needs to be provided within the site and along transport routes

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SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS Need to promote safety and security. The use of

defensible spaces to allow for designs that promote safety through their permeability

Housing considerations. Need to consider different housing types that are adequate and habitable for all the inhabitants on site

CASE STUDIES Challenges Design strategies Lessons

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1. Rocinha Urban Strategy Architect: Kyle Beneventi Location: Rochina,Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

• Informal Settlement first occupied by a community of farmers.

• The largest slum in South America with 356 people per acre.

INTRODUCTION:

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CHALLENGES: • Poor living conditions; lacking many

of the basic amenities that constitute a healthy standard of living.

• Vernacular buildings, potentially hazardous on these steep slopes

• Congestion resulting in minimal ventilation and natural light

• Make Rocinha a very walk-able city • dealing principally with voids to break up the

blanket of uniform building mass • The central plazas in the design are linked

along main arteries of circulation, with periodic punctures for smaller plazas every 5 walking minutes, or 1/4 mile.

• The goal is to utilize as much pre-existing open space as possible, linking each plaza with current main roads

• construction of the main plazas helped to

spread out commercial activity and sustain future growth

URBAN STRATEGY:

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Housing typology:

this proposal plans to pair a series of small towers with the periodic mini-plazas along primary corridors, reducing the building foot print and keeping residents rooted in the micro-communities that their social and economic lives depend on.

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• Construction of the plazas to spread out commercial activity through out the site could help sustain future growth

• Making the site walk-able • Provision of open communal spaces to improve of the

quality of living. • Introduction of high rise residences to accommodate

the high population density.

Lessons Learnt: 9

2. Winning Proposal Architects: Drucker Arquitetura Location: São Paulo, Brazil

• The informal city is a problem that could not be solved by the twentieth-century urbanism.

• Cabuçu de Baixo 12 is located in the North Zone of São Paulo, at the bottom Serra da Cantareira, an environmental preservation area, which defines one of the borders of the city

INTRODUCTION:

VISION: • It is about offering citizenship, that is, to provide them with

qualified urban spaces capable of promoting effective identity and social integration, access to education and information.

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CHALLENGES:

• Lack of qualitative housing; an architecture problem.

• Many houses are implemented in flooding areas on steep downhill land that compromise stability.

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PROJECT STRATEGIES AND TACTICS:

•Opening of crossing roads and consolidation of perimeter roads of the slum

•Opening of pedestrian lanes to support infrastructure

•Integration with the public transport system by changing bus routes

•Installation of qualified public spaces and facilities

•Definition and preservation of the border of Serra da Cantareira

1. INTEGRATION OF SLUM AREA:

• Use the infrastructure to support programs

• Use water as landscape and leisure resource

• Adapt the architecture to the topography and the existing urban arrangement

2. RESPECT TO THE TOPOGRAPHY AND MORPHOLOGY:

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3. IMPROVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INCORPORATING URBAN QUALITIES: • Creation of a public

park along the stream

• Qualification of the stream banks with new housings, commerce and services

• Creation of squares in the core of the blocks with new housings

Lessons Learnt: • Stepping of the Land to respect the

Topography applies to Katanga • Opening of pedestrian lanes to support

infrastructure • Opening of crossing roads and consolidation

of perimeter roads i.e. Nkizi Rd, Binaisa and Mutebi Roads.

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4. QUINTA MONROY Location: Iquique, Chile. Execution time: 9 months

Materials: Concrete & Cement bricks Site Area: 5000 sqm Constructed Area: 3500 sqm

Architect: Elemental– Alejandro Aravena, Alfonso Montero, Tomás Cortese, Emilio de la Cerd

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Key issues •Resettling 100 Chilean families into the 5000sq. M space they originally occupied illegally •Inadequate ground space for the entire population •Inadequate funding hence need for low-cost interventions •Providing enough density without overcrowding the site

Design strategies A building blocks expansion except on the ground and at the

top, so they worked in a building with only a top and bottom Designing housing that increases with time so as to increase

its viability in the area Provision of a physical community space/property shared by

at least 20 families To curb inadequate income, construction was done on 50% of

the houses with the other 50% to be built by residents as they got more income

Lessons The use of communal spaces to promote defensible spaces and

provide social gathering points Allowing for possibility of expansion in the housing design by

use of bottom and top spaces

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DHARAVI’s is located at the city level and easy to access mass transit and infrastructure. It was initially a swamp and fishing village. The residents filled the swamp with garbage and other waste. Its organic and highly permeable making it difficult to provide services. The land use are industries (leather tanneries, garbage recycling, illicit liquor distilling) commercial uses mostly shops but along the main access main road (sixty feet road)

3.DHARAVI SLUM IN MUMBAI-INDIA 16

THE PROJECT OBJECTIVES Respect and preservation of local culture Enhancement of physical environment Recognition to accommodate modern real estate development Integrate commercial and perseveration approaches

harmoniously

DESIGN IDEA- promoting social and community identity VISION STATEMENT Creating a self dependent and

sustainable residential community that promotes social identity for the inhabitants of the site and its surrounding.

The idea stems from the key problems

on site and the community needs that include but are not limited to: Poverty Poor health and sanitation Inadequate housing facilities Inadequate security and safety

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Student inhabitants

Non- residents

Low income residents

Population Projections The population of Katanga area is about

25000 people with 8900 of those being located on the project site, an area of 22acres( 92,673sq. M) Considering a population growth rate of

6.3% the population will have grown considerably in the 10years the expected lease will be valid, to about 16395 people

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Reducing congestion on the ground and building upwards

Reducing population density by spreading out the development

05000

100001500020000250003000035000

2013 2018 2023 2028 2033population

The inhabitants( students, low income earners, shop owners) will be accommodated within various housing densities and types including high rises and medium rises The proposal will hence target provision of

developments to accommodate 15000 people over a period of 15 years, including the existing student population of 1100.

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CONCEPT: 21

•Promoting the social community through existing conversion points on site such as the wells, playground, meeting grounds

•Connection created by the stream which is of Importance to the entire community

•Design ideology based on Katanga’s social Identity

A design that promotes community based ownership and responsibility, communal ventures and spaces

the design would hence break up the

congested areas and provide spaces for access, meeting, recreation, commerce as well as visual permeability with balance between the built and natural

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Parking and traffic

commercial

administration

institutional

• Conserving and Continuing the Existing Mixed use: commercial and residential fabric of Hostels along Nkiizi Rd.

• Majority Residential, major Institutional and community spaces are organised along the peripheral of the Open green Spaces.

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• Having Commercial spaces along Binaisa Rd to Buffer the Residential Spaces from vehicular noise pollution and at the same time capture market from the mass traffic along Binaisa Rd

N

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•Communal spaces oriented from the central unifying green belt along the stream

•The access routes and pedestrian walkways also enhance the connection between these communal spaces

•These communal zones are then used to orient the different residential zones which have access to other key services relevant for the community

accessibility through the site 25

•Providing vehicular access that allows for permeability through the site for all users hence acting as a uniting factor

•Major access points creating t-junctions on noisy road, Mutebi road and Gideon street all three being access roads

•Transforming the existent major foot paths into vehicular roads

•Major Vehicular access is off less busy Mutebi Rd.

•Consolidating the site bordering roads to integrate Katanga within its context of Wandegeya Parish

The proposal aims at disintegrating the existing patterns on site and bringing them together in a more sustainable self dependant pattern Preserving the

location of some commercial activities along major access points but allowing for mixed use ventures especially or light commercial activities within the site

26 ZONING

Structure plan proposal 27

The plan is zoned in such a way that all residential neighborhoods have immediate access to green spaces, commercial, social, parking and institutional services

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0 30000 70000

19%

30%

7%

4%

15%

1%

16%

3% 3%

2%

Proposed land use

medium densityresidentialhigh density residential

institutional

medium densitycommercialmixed use

administrative

greenery and openspacelight industry

parking

stream

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Detailed plan proposal 29

N

0 30000 70000

Typical Plot Sizes 30

Mixed use and residential Building area of 368 sq. m

Commercial Building area of 190 sq. m

Mixed use and residential Building area of 253 sq. m

Plot sizes ZONING NO. OF

PLOTS PLOT SIZE AREA(sq. m)

Medium density commercial

10 (25x12.5) 2380

Mixed use residential and commercial

19 11

(30x15) (30x20)

9760

Low rise residential

12 (30x15) (30x20)

12,100

High rise residential

45 (25x12.2) (30x15)

19,265

Students residentials

10 (30x40) 12000

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LEGEND MAIN ROAD ACCESS ROAD PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY GREENERY PARKING AREA( 80 CARS)

KATANGA ROADS PROPOSAL

0 30000 70000

ROADS IN KATANGA

NKIZI AND MUTEBI ROADS

MAIN ACCESS ROAD IN KATANGA

PREDESTRIAN WALK WAY

PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY ROADS

road-side parking along Nkiizi and Binaisa roads

Major site entry junction

ROAD TYPE ROAD WIDTH (RESERVE INCLUSIVE) (meters)

RESERVE WIDTH (meters)

MAXIMUM ROAD GRADIENT (degrees)

SURFACE MATERIAL

SECONDARY ROADS

NKIIZI RD.

11 4 0 Paving asphalt (tarmac)

MUTEBI RD.

11 4 2.7 Paving asphalt (tarmac)

ACCESS ROADS 9 3 Stone pavers

PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS (together with vehicular paths)

2 - 7.6 Paving brick

PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS (away from vehicular paths)

3-5 - 11 Stone aggregates

ROAD DETAILS

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UTILITIES infrastructure: POWER & COMMUNICATION: • High and Low voltage lines

running along Nkizi and Binaisa roads supply can supply an adequate amount of electricity on site WATER:

• 13.9% of the entire community use piped from NWSC and the rest rely entirely on springs and wells, which constitute high risk sources of contamination.

WASTE DISPOSAL: • Most of the waste is dumped in

and along Katanga channel thus blocking the flow of storm water off the site

SEWAGE: • Only hostels along Nkizi Rd, 3

public toilets and minority house holds are connected to the NWSC sewer lines.

LEGEND:

Water

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PROPOSED UTILITIES:

• Transformers along Nkizi road and the Sewer lines off Nkizi Rd are retained .

• All service utilities within the site run along run along access routes to avoid being vandalised.

NWSC Water lines Power lines Communication lines Sewer lines Wells

LEGEND:

Refuse Collection points to mitigate dumping of wastes into Katanga channel

0 30000 70000

HOUSING TYPOLOGY This is classified according to : Multiple units Semi-detached detached

Multiple units: These are a number of housing units within one building in the for of apartments, single rooms. Semi-detached housing: these share a common space or boundary or wall for example, courtyard. Semi detached housing with a shared courtyard

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Detached (free standing)housing: These are completely separate from each other. These are however not suitable for the context of Katanga as they would not encourage community living and are not suitable solutions to low cost housing in heavily populated slum areas.

HOUSING LAYOUT Type 1: This aims at having a mix of the different building types by combining tall, short and medium heights together on a common stretch of housing. Maximum proposed heights of three levels . Type 2: This creates individual lines for the different building sizes and types, separating the storied from the bungalows.

Type 1 Type 2

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PROPOSED HOUSE SPACE TYPES

FAMILY SIZE SPACE DESCRIPTION

AREA(square meters)

Single user 1 bedroom, Bathroom and toilet, living room and kitchen.

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Single user(student) 1 bedroom, toilet and bathroom.

12.25

5-7 users (2 parents and 3-5 children)

2 bedrooms, toilet and bathroom, kitchen and living room.

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PROPOSED BUILDING DENSITIES: providing mixed neighborhoods of high and low rise residential developments

The proposal aims at providing three housing density types for the inhabitants. The mixed use housing: this will include building of four to five levels

with residential on the upper levels and commercial developments on the ground floors of the buildings.

For this type of housing we are providing about 22 plots(30x15)sq.m having about 12 developments of app. Area 320sq.m

.

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density area No. of residences Mixed use • ground floor as commercial

320 per floor 1280 for 4 levels

32 per development 384 for 12 developments (384x7)= 2688 inhabitants

Students zone In addition to existing 1100 students

400 per floor 1600 for 4 levels

256 for 8 developments (256x3)= 768 Plus 1100

Mixed use areas total to about 4556 inhabitants

The second type of housing is mainly low rise residential plots that are between two to four levels. These have been designed to accommodate residents of large families of up to 8 people. Provisions have been made to provide communal spaces for

such families also locating them next to ply areas for the children.

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density area No. of residences Low rise high density housing

400 sq. m floor area 1600 sq. m per development

8 residences per floor 32 residences per development 480 residences for 15 developments (480x 8 people)=3840

Accommodates a maximum of 3840 people

The third type of residential developments is that of high rise residential developments. The proposal entails at providing high rise residential ranging form four to five levels. These will mainly be provided for smaller families of up to four

inhabitants as well as a few provisions for larger families .

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density area No. of residents High rise high density residential

160 sq. m per floor 800sq m for 5 floors

35 units per block 1680 units for 48 blocks (1680x4)= 6720

High rises accommodate up to 6720people mainly low income earners and some students

By the end of the project , the projection is that the site can cater for at most 15100 people.

Project implementation proposals The project will be implemented fully with occupants living there

within a period of 12 years and this will be done in three main phases

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Phase one : major roads Areas along Binaisa and Mutebi roads including mixed use areas and residential areas

Phase two : Area has mainly residential areas with community zones such as the community centre and the stream

Phase three This would be the shortest phase and will mainly have commercial developments with mixed use areas and a school and church

Detailed areas on site ENTRANCE INTO THE SITE

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The entrance is emphasized by a direct approach from Mutebi road toward a monumental fountain area where the community interacts

RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBOURHOOD 46

high rises of up to 5 levels

low rises of three to four levels

Neighbouring stream with green spaces act as communal areas for two different neighbourhoods

Provision of parking, green common space for children to play and nearby mosque

The proposal in section will encourage visual continuity as well as relation of spaces at different levels Buildings along Binaisa road also create a buffer for the residentials below it

48 3 D’s

THANK YOU

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