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October 8, 2007
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How Green is Your Vivarium?
October 8, 2007
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Sustainability Overview What is it?
Why does it matter?
How does it impact my campus?
Sustainable Design Approach
Practical Applications – Case Study
Next Steps
Questions & Discussion
Agenda
Planning
Design
Execution
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What does going Green mean?
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The ability to meet our needs today
without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own
needs.
in other words...achieving a sustainable civilization
What does going Green mean?
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What is a Sustainable civilization?
Let’s consider this question from
several viewpoints …
The environment and human health.
Stable global economy that uses
energy and resources efficiently.
Social and political structures that lead
to a just society
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What is a Sustainable civilization?
To understand our role, let’s focus on
the first two …
The environment and human
health.
Stable global economy that uses
energy and resources efficiently.
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Uses technologies to produce needed
goods that do no harm to human health
or the environment.
Uses renewable resources (plant-based
substances or solar energy) rather than
exhaust the limited supply of fossil fuels.
What is a Sustainable civilization?
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At the end of their use, manufactured
materials are recycled if not readily
biodegradable (easily broken down into
harmless substances in the
environment).
What is a Sustainable civilization?
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Manufacturing processes are either
designed so as not to produce waste
products
– OR –
Waste products are recycled or made
biodegradable.
What is a Sustainable civilization?
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Mountains of solid waste are piling up -
particularly in industrialized nations.
Air and water pollution continue to be
problems in many places.
Are we there yet?
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Are we there yet?
Escalating energy use and depletion of
fossil fuel resources threatens global
economic stability.
Global warming from increasing green
house gas (GHG) emissions potentially
can result in catastrophic climate
changes.
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Converging global events
US oil production peaked in the 1970’s.
Since, 75% of all known US
oil reserves are exhausted
and now consume the last
25%.
US natural gas production
peaked in 1973.
To keep US gas production
steady, thousands more
wells are drilled every year.
US Crude Oil Production Projection Source: Energy Information Administration,
Department of Energy
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Currently, global warming is
0.7°C above pre-industrial
levels.
To avoid dangerous climate
change, scientists tell us
global warming must be
kept under 2°C above pre-
industrial levels.
At 3°C, the potential for
catastrophic climate change
could exist. Earth’s Surface Temperature
Converging global events
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Buildings are responsible for
almost half (48%) of all energy
consumption and GHG
emissions annually; globally
percentage is even greater.
Seventy-six percent (76%) of
all power plant-generated
electricity is used just to
operate buildings.
Contribution of buildings
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17% of fresh water flow
25% of wood harvested
50% of CFC production
40% of energy flow
33% of total CO2 emissions
40% of landfill material
30% of buildings have “sick
building syndrome”
95% of total energy use in a
building is used in its
construction
Contribution of buildings
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Total US building stock equals
approximately 300 billion sf.
Annually, approximately 1.75 billion
sf of US buildings are torn down.
Approximately 5 billion sf is
renovated yearly.
Approximately 5 billion sf is new
construction each year.
By 2035, almost 75% of the built
environment will be new or
renovated.
Greening opportunities
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Growth rate of GHG
emissions can be slowed
and reversed to keep global
warming under 1°C above
today’s levels:
Implementing innovative
sustainable design strategies,
generating on-site renewable
power and/or
purchasing (20% maximum)
renewable energy and/or
certified renewable energy
credits.
Greening opportunities
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Environmental Benefits Reduce impact of natural resource
consumption
Economic Benefits Improve the bottom line
Health and Safety Benefits Enhance occupant comfort and health
Community Benefits Minimize strain on local infrastructures and
improve quality of life
How can Green impact my campus?
October 8, 2007
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Top 10 Heaviest Users of Energy
BTU/ Student Cost / Student
Citadel Military College, SC 485 $685
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 461 $826
Purdue University, Ind. 429 $259
Duke University, NC 424 $1,616
The University of Tulsa, OK 417 $488
University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR 411 $326
New Mexico State University, NM 404 $841
University of Missouri, Rolla, MO 402 $945
Louisiana State University School 389 $1,533
of Medicine, Shreveport, LA
University of Illinois / Urbana-
Champaign, IL 387 $585
Source: Society of College and University Planners Survey
How can Green impact my campus?
October 8, 2007
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Top 10 Lightest Users of Energy
BTU/ Student Cost / Student
Marquette University, WI 88 $196
Portland State University, OR 91 $130
University of Miami, FL 110 $186
University of Wisconsin, White Water, WI 120 $186
Central Piedmont Community College,
Charlotte, NC 123 $171
Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 127 $713
Haverford College, Haverford, PA 129 $997
Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 133 $161
University of the South, Sewanee, TN 134 $1037
Moravian College, Bethlehem, PA 136 $560
Source: Society of College and University Planners Survey
How can Green impact my campus?
October 8, 2007
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Risks
What have you spent on asbestos
removal?
What materials are on the EPA
dangerous materials list today?
What is your present risk if fuel costs
continue to go up?
What is your risk if state funding for
your campus decreases?
How can Green impact my campus?
October 8, 2007
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Risks
How much are “sick buildings” costing?
Are your buildings helping or hurting in
attracting the best talent?
Are your buildings helping your people
be productive?
How many complaints do you get
daily?
How many complaints do you have
yourself have about where you work?
How can Green impact my campus?
October 8, 2007
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Sustainability ...
It’s good for the environment
It’s good for users
It reduces risk
It makes economic sense
What does Green mean?
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Sustainable Design
Approach
How Green is Your Vivarium?
October 8, 2007
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Going Green demands…
a new perspective
What does Green mean?
Old Decision Model New Decision Model
Schedule Quality
Cost
NOW Schedule Schedule
Cost Human
Safety
Ecology
Quality
FUTURE
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Sustainable design approach
How do we get started? Think Globally....Act Locally
Strategic Animal Facilities Master Plan
Holistic Integrated Approach
New Concepts - Higher Efficient Designs
Use USGBC LEED rating system as your
guide
Green your operations
Life Cycle Costing
Use of Computer Modeling
Right Sizing of Systems
Reduce your carbon footprint
October 8, 2007
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Time
Op
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Time
Co
st
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Getting Started: Animal Facilities Master Plan
Centralize animal care facilities and core facilities
Identify facility opportunities for consolidation
Analyze animal use / population trends
Project animal use & census growth over a 5 – 10 year
horizon
Develop a strategic plan to accommodate current &
future growth need
NIH and other grant funding
Project more conservative growth
Evaluate & assess capacity of existing facilities
Life Cycle / O&M cost-benefit analysis to determine
Renovation vs. New Construction
Sustainable design approach
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Develop vivarium design standards & guidelines
Labs 21:Defines adaptability, adjustability and
expandability
Adaptability - First level of flexibility is a laboratory's
ability to adapt to different uses without requiring
physical changes.
Adjustability - Second level of a laboratory's flexibility is
its ability to adjust and redirect function with minimum
disruption of operations.
Expandability - Third level of a laboratory's flexibility is
its capacity for renovations that reassemble
interchangeable subcomponents into new spatial
configurations or new functional assemblies.
Getting Started: Animal Facilities Master Plan
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Comprehensive Design Standards
A 15’x 24’ (350 s.f.) room allows efficient utilization of various
racking systems, cage sizes and pens.
Typical drains & services minimize downtime in specie change-
out or room wash down.
Standardized racks and cages maximize density, increase
utilization, and reduces required net assignable area.
Page 78 of 94
Green vivarium strategies
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Mice / Rats Only Multiple Species
Standardized animal rooms
Standardized cages
Standardized animal care
Facilitates automation
Higher quality environment for
rodents
Lower animal care cost
Less convenient access for
researchers using non-rodents
Sound Attenuation Issues
Increased Cage Processing
Requirements
Cleaning Protocols & Standard
Operating Procedures Vary.
Page 81 of 94
Green vivarium strategies
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Rodent Caging Systems
– Conventional
Facility as Barrier
Short term studies
– Vented Micro-isolator
Immune-suppressed
Transgenic
– Ventilated Containment
Cage as Barrier
Long term studies
Room sizes (large / small / isolation)
HVAC needs (temperature / humidity / directional air flow)
Equipment
Page 23 of 94
Green vivarium strategies
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Improved flexibility/functional agility
Minimized Building Footprint
Census Optimization
Internal and External Security
Efficient use of labor & infrastructure
Cage Processing Efficiency
Environmental Controls / Monitoring
Energy Optimization
Greater protocol compliance
Animal Health & Safety
Occupational Health & Safety
Page 76 of 94
Sustainable design approach
Vivarium Benefits
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Green Benefits
Minimized building footprint – more density
without impact to green space
Greater facility utilization – accommodate
growth in less space
Optimize energy efficiency - operational
savings & stable per diems
Increased staff productivity – better
services, greater animal care and protocol
compliance.
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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LEED Rating System - evaluates 6 categories
1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy & Atmosphere
4. Materials & Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation and Design Process
Sustainable design approach
Design & Construction
October 8, 2007
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1. Sustainable Sites
Prerequisite – Erosion and Sedimentation Control
Credit 1 – Site Selection
Credit 2 – Development Density
Credit 3 – Brownfield Redevelopment
Credit 4 – Alternative Transportation
Credit 5 – Reduced Site Disturbance
Credit 6 – Storm water Management
Credit 7 – Heat Island Effect
Credit 8 – Light Pollution Reduction
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy & Atmosphere
4. Materials & Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Organization
LEED rating system
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Establish and design to ANSI, OSHA, etc.
plus industry best practices.
Use mathematical modeling, physical
modeling and/or post-construction testing and
certification to prove compliance.
Separate animal facility exhaust from
laboratory exhaust to avoid cross
contamination.
Site Design: Air Effluent Management
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Protect municipal sewage treatment works
from pollutant discharge from building
operations.
Establish a drain discharge restriction policy
that ensures routine discharges for laboratory
and maintenance operations meet the most
rigorous sewer use or local limits ordinances,
so that no interceptor structure is required.
Site Design: Water Effluent Management
Sustainable design approach
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1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
Credit 1 - Water Efficient Landscaping
Credit 2 - Innovative Wastewater Technologies
Credit 3 - Water Use Reduction
3. Energy & Atmosphere
4. Materials & Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation & Design Process
LEED rating system
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Compact
Lightweight
Great for retrofits and new builds
Minimum Manpower
Minimal waste segregation
Fully automated - easy to operate
Low maintenance
High Performance
Treats a variety of combustible waste
streams
Rapid start-up & shutdown (<10
minutes)
Wastewater Technologies: Plasma Arc Waste
Disposal System
Green vivarium strategies
Manufacturers:
1. PryoGenesis Inc.:
www.pyrogenesis.com
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Plasma arc gasification is a waste treatment technology using high electrical energy and high temperature created by an electrical arc gasifier.
Arc breaks down waste primarily into elemental gas and solid waste (slag), in a device called a plasma converter.
Process is intended to be a net generator of electricity, depending upon composition input wastes, and to reduce the volumes of waste to being sent to landfill sites.
Dioxin emissions are possible from plasma arcs when chlorine is present.
Process gas cleanup is necessary when gasifying waste streams such as municipal waste streams known to contain heavy metals, chlorine/fluorine, sulfur, etc.
Wastewater Technologies: Plasma Arc Waste
Disposal System
Green vivarium strategies
October 8, 2007
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Analyze cage processing thru-put to “right size” cage processing equipment.
Chilled water recirculation system on bulk autoclaves; chamber cool down
Use vacuum pumps, instead of aspirator fittings at cold-water faucets.
Low flow plumbing fixtures; toilets, urinals, showers
Low flow wash equipment; high pressure low flow spray nozzles
Waste Efficiency: Reduce Water Usage
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Animal Caging Innovations: Innovive
Up to 168 cages per rack
Cages and bottles are Disposable /
Recyclable – No washing required
Change-out every two weeks
Costs can be reduced by up to 46%
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Green vivarium strategies
Water Efficiency: Reduce Water Usage
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1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy & Atmosphere
Prereq 1 - Building Commissioning
Prereq 2 - Minimum Energy Performance
Prereq 3 - CFC reduction
Credit 1 - Optimized Energy Performance
Credit 2 - Renewable Energy
Credit 3 - Best Practice Commissioning
Credit 4 - Elimination of HCFC’s / Halon
Credit 5 - Measurement and Verification
Credit 6 - Green Power
4. Materials & Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation & Design Process
LEED rating system
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Establish Project Criteria - Understand impact on
sustainability
Question existing paradigms but understand
implications
Space Type: Chemistry, Biological, Physical Science,
Animal Care – Sets Baseline for Energy Use
Architectural Priorities
Ceiling Height: Impacts Air Changes - Energy
Floor to Floor: Lower requires smaller ducts & higher
pressure drops – Energy
Engineering Priorities
Services Distribution Strategies
Energy & Atmosphere: Project Programming
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Horizontal
Distribution
Vertical
Distribution
Interstitial
Distribution
MECH
MECH
VIVARIUM
VIVARIUM
MECH
MECH
VIVARIUM
VIVARIUM
MECH
VIVARIUM
VIVARIUM
MECH
MECH
LOW BUILDING HEIGHT
LARGE MECHANICAL ROOM %
MINIMAL SHAFTS
HIGH FLOOR PLATE EFFICIENCY
• HIGH BUILDING HEIGHT
• VERTICAL SHAFTS REQUIRED
• LOW FLOOR PLATE EFFICIENCY
• HIGHEST BUILDING HEIGHT
• HIGH FLEXIBILITY
• MAXIMUM BUILDING COST
Page 67 of 94
Green vivarium strategies
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Codes & Standards
Know role of codes: Minimum Safety – IEQ
Animal Care Guidelines and Accreditation Standards:
Know intent to develop sustainable alternatives
Outdoor Design Temperature/Humidity - IEQ
Indoor Design Temperature/Humidity - IEQ
Indoor Noise Criteria - IEQ
Indoor Lighting Levels - IEQ
ASHRAE 90.1-2001 = 1.4 w/SF (down from 2.3 w/sf)
Energy & Atmosphere: Setting Green Goals
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Primary Containment - Energy
Fume Hoods: Conventional, VAV, High Performance -
Identify operating sash height
Biosafety Cabinets: Recirculating, 30% Exhaust; 70%
Exhaust, 100% Exhaust - Identify sash height
Glove Boxes (lowest flow requirement)
Ventilated Caging - Non-hazardous work (reduced room
air flow)
Ventilated Containment Caging – Primary containment
barrier (reduced room air flow)
Chemical Storage Cabinets
Non-vented flammable cabinets: NFPA 45 required
Vented cabinets - Less air flow than fume hood
Energy & Atmosphere: Exhaust Requirements
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Airflow Ventilation Rates
Industry standard 10-15 air
changes per hour
Minimum 15 air changes per
hour for static or open caging
Ventilated racks allow room
air flow to drop to 10 air
changes per hour
Ventilated racks provide 40-
60 air changes per hour in
individual cages
Page 92 of 94
Green vivarium strategies
October 8, 2007
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Internal Equipment Loads - Energy
Benchmarking - Operating versus Design
Avoid Averaging - Design to Peak Space Load
Labs 21 - Typically over designed by 2 to 3 times
Variability - Operating Schedules
Diversity
Avoid Safety Factors – Not included in ASHRAE
Ventilation Rate: Avoid arbitrary air change
rates/accepted standards - Energy
Code Issues
OSHA 1910-1450 - Supply air for normal ventilation and
makeup only; not for protection from hazards.
Energy & Atmosphere: Set Ventilation Criteria
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Manifold vs. Individual Fume Hood Fans - Energy
Hazardous vs. Non-Hazardous Code Definition: AIHA
Position Paper & Z9.5 - Non-hazardous
Heat Recovery: If cross contamination possible, NFPA
45 only allows on non-laboratory or general room
exhaust.
Allows diversity (Labs 21 suggests no diversity in sizing
exhaust system for safety)
Redundancy
Flexibility
Stack Discharge Velocity 2500 fpm minimum. Control
via staging or bypass.
Energy & Atmosphere: Minimum Performance
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Establish Baseline Energy Model Per ASHRAE 90.1-
Energy (Note: code is now more stringent - cannot
apply old baselines)
Select fuel sources (Availability, Cost, Environmental
Impact)
Identify ASHRAE defined Minimum system
requirements
Enthalpy heat recovery required for systems > 5000 cfm
& 70% outside air
VFDs required for fan systems > 25HP
Create Energy Model
Identify large energy users (chilled water plant, fans) –
Targets greatest impact areas to maximize investment
Energy & Atmosphere: Optimizing Performance
Sustainable design approach
October 8, 2007
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Narrow the range for temperature and
humidity control by designing for majority of
the animal population housed.
Measure base usage of equipment electrical
loads in a comparable animal facility and
design electrical and cooling systems based
on these measurements.
Provide check-metering for measurement and
verification
Green vivarium strategies
Energy & Atmosphere: "Right-Size“ Equipment
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Environmental Requirements by Specie
Temperature Humidity Lighting
Small
Animal
Large
Animal
Page 91 of 94
basis of design
Green vivarium strategies
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Consider VAV supply and exhaust.
Use energy (latent and sensible) recovery.
Minimize outside air to 1 cfm/sf or less.
Consider occupied/unoccupied control for non-animal
holding spaces
Reduce outside airflow during unoccupied periods.
Encourage smaller HVAC zones < 1000 sf without
100% outside air control zones.
Extensive building automation and controls systems to
optimize HVAC and lighting use
Energy & Atmosphere: Energy Efficiency
Green vivarium strategies
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A
i
r
f
l
o
w
Time
24 Hours
150+
Flow
Controller
Occ./Unocc.
1200+
600
300
600
300
300
Supply Air
150
Make-up Air
1200
600
300
600
300
300
Hood Exhaust
Sash Position
Indicator or
Thru-Wall
Sensor
Variable Volume Lab Control
Occupied/Un-Occupied Control
Green vivarium strategies
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Heat Recovery – Run-Around
Coils & Heat Exchanger
Run-Around Coil
(Typical)
Exhaust Fan
Supply Fan
Cooling Coil
Filter
(if needed)
Reheat Coil
Run-Around Pump
Heat Exchanger
Filter
Preheat Coil
Green vivarium strategies
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1. Fresh outdoor air (hot and
humid) is passed through
the wheel
2-3. Outdoor air is cooled,
dehumidified then
supplied to HVAC
system
4. Exhaust air is pulled
from the space
(Cool and Dry)
5-6. Exhaust air is heated and
humidified then sent outdoors
Heat Recovery - Enthalpy Wheel
How it Works?
(cooling mode)
Green vivarium strategies
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1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy & Atmosphere
4. Materials & Resources
Prereq Collection of Recyclables
Credit 1 - Building reuse
Credit 2 - Construction Waste Management
Credit 3 - Resource Reuse
Credit 4 - Recycled Content
Credit 5 - Local / Regional Materials
Credit 6 - Rapidly Renewable Materials
Credit 7 - Certified Wood
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation & Design Process
LEED rating system
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Life Cycle Assessment of Building Material
Raw Material
Are the raw
materials non-
toxic?
Does the raw
material come from
a renewable
source?
Does the product or
material come from
a salvage source?
Does the raw
material come from
a certified
sustainable source?
Does the product
have recycled
content (post-
consumer and/or
post-industrial?
Production Process
How much energy is
used in manufacture?
How much water is used
in manufacture?
How much solid,
aqueous and gaseous
waste is associated with
manufacture?
Is the manufacturing
plant energy-efficient
or does it use alternative
or renewable energy
sources?
Does the manufacturing
plant conserve or reuse
water?
Is manufacturing waste
reused or recycled?
Packaging &
Shipping
Is the product or
material locally
manufactured?
Is minimal,
reusable or
recycled
packaging used?
Does the
manufacturer use
efficient shipping
methods?
Installation & Use
How durable is the
product?
Is the product low
maintenance?
Does the product
offgas VOC’s
formaldehyde, or
other potentially
harmful chemical
emissions, or
contain mineral fibers
Is the product
installation hazardous
for workers?
Are non-toxic, low
VOC adhesives,
finishes, sealants and
maintenance
products available for
the product?
Resource &
Recovery
Is the product or
material
salvagable?
Does the
manufacturer
provide a takeback
option for the
product?
Is the product or
material recyclable?
Is the product or
material
biodegradable?
Sustainable design approach
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Life cycle assessment
Raw
Material
Source
Production
Process
Packaging
& Shipping
Installation
& Use
Resource
Recovery
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Sustainable building materials
Indoor Air Quality
Carpet
Paints
Adhesives
Wall coverings
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Natural materials
Cork
Bamboo
Linoleum
Wool
Stone
Wood
Sustainable building materials
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Recycled content
Carpet
Insulation
Ceramic Tile
Fabric
Concrete
Phenolic
Solid Surfacing
Rubber Flooring
Sustainable building materials
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Bio-based products
Compressed straw partition panels
Strawboard (particle board)
Tile (wood-based)
Sustainable building materials
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Less product
Aerated autoclaved concrete
Structural insulated panels
Stained concrete
Sustainable Building Materials
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Develop system to maintain current information on
chemical and hazardous material types, quantities,
location, disposal/ use histories, and recycling
protocols.
Develop a Green Chemistry action plan to reduce or
eliminate the use or generation of hazardous
substances from the application of chemical products
used . Plan would limit quantities, reduce lab waste
and provide cost benefit in terms of less space, energy
and operation storage & waste holding need.
Materials & Resources: Green Chemistry
Green vivarium strategies
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1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy and Atmosphere
4. Materials and Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
Prereq 1 - Minimum IAQ performance
Prereq 2 – Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control
Credit 1 - CO2 Monitoring
Credit 2 - Increased Ventilation Effectiveness
Credit 3 - Construction IAQ Management Plan
Credit 4 - Low-emitting Materials
Credit 5 - Indoor Chemical / Pollution source control
Credit 6 - Controllability of systems
Credit 7 - Thermal Comfort
Credit 8 - Daylight and views
6. Innovation & Design Process
LEED rating system
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Meet IAQ & safety per ANSI Z9.5 (etc.) minimums and
supported by facility design
Provide notification systems on all doors leading from
pressure-controlled vivarium spaces to outside to
maintain safety and security.
Optimize indoor airflow using computational fluid
dynamics (CFD) or physical modeling.
Design all vivarium alarm systems to be inherently self-
identifying and fail-safe.
Use low emitting materials: low VOC paints, carpeting,
and adhesives
Green vivarium strategies
IEQ: General Systems / Finishes
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Floors: Industry standards are Epoxy and
MMA. N2 (Seamless Technologies) is an
environmentally friendly alternative.
Walls: Epoxy paint, FRP, or high
performance coatings. Green alternatives
are solid surface or phenolic (Trespa) wall
panels.
Ceilings: Epoxy paint on gypsum board or
FRP.
Consider cleaning protocols, impact
abuse, & chemical exposure in selecting
finishes most appropriate for a given
application.
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IEQ: Architectural Systems / Finishes
Green vivarium strategies
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1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy and Atmosphere
4. Materials and Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation & Design Process
LEED rating system
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State-of-art automated cage washing
systems use less water, chemicals
and energy by recycling water.
Eliminates manual labor associated with
task
Minimizes repetitive motion injuries for
animal care staff
Green vivarium strategies
Innovative Technologies: Robotic &
Automated Cage Processing
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Costs 50% of equal steam sterilization
equipment
Less service space
Can be built in place - no pressure
vessel
No pit for roll though units; can be
retrofitted into existing buildings
No steam, no cooling water or chilled
water, no compressed air, no drain
Costs 1/8 of equal steam sterilization
equipment to operate
Quieter
More environmentally friendly
Manufacturers:
1. Lytzen A/S: www.lytzen.com
2. Gruenberg:
www.thermalproductsolutions.com
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Green vivarium strategies
Innovative Technologies: Dry Heat Sterilization
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75 minute cycle time vs 16 hours with
Ethylene Oxide (EtO)
Nontoxic and non-carcinogenic residuals
Safe to use with moisture or heat
sensitive instruments
Estimated $65,000/year in savings
compared to EtO
Consumes less power than EtO
sterilizers
Requires no water, drain, or venting
No regulatory paperwork as with EtO
emissions.
Manufacturers:
1. Steris: www.steris.com
2. Sterrad Sterilization Systems:
www.sterrad.com
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Green vivarium strategies
Innovative Technologies: Hydrogen Peroxide
Sterilization
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Case Study
Emory University
Whitehead Research
Building
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Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
Construction Cost of $ 65M (yr 2000 $’s)
325,000 GSF of interdisciplinary biomedical laboratory space
Supports Biosafety Level 2 and 3 research activities
CM@Risk Construction Delivery Method
Completed $1.5 million under budget and 1 month ahead of schedule
First LEED certified building in US Southeast (Silver LEED 2.0 rating) – 35 credits
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Critical linkage for the
School of Medicine
research programs
Campus Plan’s Guiding
Principle for a “walking
campus”
Vehicular and Alternative
Transportation Network
within a Regional System
Green Site Integration:
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Owner driven request to pursue LEED certification after construction started
No change in the project delivery schedule
Team / consensus building (buy-in) required early goal-setting, joint training and bi-monthly team meetings
Some Changes made in construction by Owner for LEED certification
Additional cost to project was 1.5% of total construction.
To LEED or Not to LEED?
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Lab Utilities Closet
Adaptable Lab / Office Plan
Modular HVAC & Piping
Design
Directional Airflow
Layout and Design
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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LEED Credit 2 – Urban Redevelopment
61,700 SF per acre Building located on a previously developed site
Increased local density without loss of green space
LEED 4.1 – Public Transportation Served by Emory’s alternative transportation
system
No net increase in car parking
Reduced local vehicle emissions
Sustainable Sites
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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LEED 1.2 Water Efficient Landscaping
Local Plant Material – no grass
Storm water collected in cistern for irrigation
Air conditioning condensate returned to Central Plant cooling towers
Water Efficiency
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Condensate Pipe Out
Water Efficiency
LEED 3.2: Water Use Reduction - 30%
32% reduction in potable water through enthalpy wheel reduction in humidification levels & cold room compressor
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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LEED 1.1: Optimize Energy
20%
Long East/West Axis to maximize day light potential
High Performance Glazing that reduces UV transmittance
Extensive Building Automation and Controls System to optimize HVAC and lighting use
Enthalpy Wheels for heat recovery that can reduce heating and cooling costs from 20% - 80%
Energy & Atmosphere
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Day lighting sensors
Extensive lighting
controls
Energy & Atmosphere
LEED 1.1 Optimize Energy 20%
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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LEED 4.2 – 50% Recycled Content:
Selected materials that contributed at no additional cost:
• Steel
• Flooring
• Metal strapping in place of wood blocking
• Trespa “Top-Lab” for lab work surfaces
LEED 5.1 – Local/Regional Materials
EIFS cladding (local plant)
Block/concrete
Materials and Resources
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Non-smoking Facility
LEED 4 – Low Emitting Materials: Low
V.O.C. paint, carpet, adhesives
LEED 8.2 – Daylight and Views: 90% of
regularly occupied spaces have windows
Indoor Environmental Quality
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Innovation Credit
LEED 1.1- Innovation in Design:
State-of-art automated cage - washing
system uses less water, chemicals
and energy by recycling water
Eliminate manual labor associated
with task and minimizes repetitive
motion injuries for animal care staff
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
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Find opportunities to consolidate, renovate &
demonstrate.
Appoint a person for in-house education
Join the US Green Building Council & adopt LEED
Rating System
Include understanding & approach to sustainable
design as a selection criteria.
Redefine your design standards & processes
Publicize what you are doing and why.
Get started now!
Suggested next steps
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Questions and Discussion
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How Green is Your Vivarium?