EMERGING MAKER CULTURE

DESIGN AND CULTURE 22 September 2014

Cindy Kohtala, doctoral candidate, DoD NODUS Sustainable Design Research Group

cindy.kohtala@aalto.fi

FIELDWORK: What are the drivers for key actors in maker communities to comply with sustainability principles? What are the barriers for key actors to consider environmental sustainability in their actions and decisions? MAKER 2020 WORKSHOP | DISCUSSION EVENTS LITERATURE

MY DOCTORAL RESEARCH:

What are the environmental sustainability issues in Fab Labs?

How are these issues currently addressed/represented in Fab Labs?

THE MAKER MOVEMENT

(what’s published?)

(what do experts think?)

(what’s happening?)

(what’s discussed?)

AND SUSTAINABILITY

p2pfoundation.net/Maker_Movement

discourses in the Maker Movement vary

offering an alternative to mass production/consumption

fablab.aalto.fi/site/ tools, spaces for making

MIT-Fablab Norway Fablab Amsterdam Aalto Fablab

wiki.fablab.is/wiki/Fab_Lab_conformity_rating open access and collaboration

helsinki.hacklab.fi

www.kaupunkiverstas.fi/en/ maker spaces in libraries and museums

www.pixelache.ac/pixelversity/trashlab/

exploring waste

www.facebook.com/groups/trashlab/ fixer events

Kääntöpöytä urban agriculture. growing. Transition Labs.

publiclab.org citizen science. DIY bio. bio-hackerspaces.

www.madeinkallio.fi co-working spaces for designer-makers. local production.

www.lasercutstudio.com/home.html commercial support of making

what makers do

www.fab10.org/en/awards

3rd prize

2nd prize

note that source files are always made available

First Prize

www.instructables.com

where to share

makezine.com

www.makerfairerome.eu

makercon.com

commercial opportunities becoming more interesting…

n-e-r-v-o-u-s.com www.freedomofcreation.com now cubify.com/en/Store/FreshFiberTech opportunities for designers

WÄRK:fest

local Finnish maker event

IMAGE SOURCE: Baran, P., 1964. On Distributed Communications: I. Introduction to Distributed Communications Networks (Rand Memorandum No. RM-3420-PR). RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.  

distributed production

Factory 2.0

DIY 2.0

Web 2.0

commons- based peer

production

material

digital

digital manufacturing

distributed, personal

distributed, personalized

prosumption

distributed hardware

distributed software

Van Abel, B., Evers, L., Klaasen, R., Troxler, P., 2011. Open Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. BIS Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Massimo Menichinelli: www.openp2pdesign.org Thomas Lommee: www.openstructures.net

www.github.com open design processes

www.wikihouse.cc

MODULARITY

IMAGE SOURCE: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_pSNabJTo2OQ/S48kRNP7SjI/AAAAAAAAAME/Wt2a2vRgURw/s1600-h/01.2.1.4.a.Mondrian4.jpeg

IMPROVISATION IMAGE SOURCE: http://pollockwall.com

MAKER CULTURE

empowering

mat

eria

l-exp

lora

tive

open

inve

ntiv

e hybrid craft

DIY 2.0

Fab Labs

repair cafés

Transition Labs

Green Labs

hacktivism

citizen science

citizen sensors hackerspaces

open innovation

bio-hacking

open design

DIWO

open hardware

Benkler,  Y.,  2006.  The  Wealth  of  Networks:  How  Social  Produc@on  Transforms  Markets  and  Freedom.  Yale  University  Press,  New  Haven,  CA.  Bauwens,  M.,  Mendoza,  N.,  Iacomella,  F.,  2012.  A  Synthe@c  Overview  of  the  Collabora@ve  Economy.  Orange  Labs  and  P2P  Founda@on.  Sterling,  B.,  2005.  Shaping  Things,  Mediawork  Pamphlet  Series.  The  MIT  Press,  Cambridge,  MA.  Doctorow,  C.,  2009.  Makers.  Harper  Voyager,  London.  

Gershenfeld,  N.,  2005.  FAB:  The  Coming  Revolu@on  on  Your  Desktop  –  From  Personal  Computers  to  Personal  Fabrica@on.  Basic  Books,  New  York.  Walter-­‐Herrmann,  J.,  Büching,  C.  (Eds.),  2013.  Fab  Lab:  Of  Machines,  Makers  and  Inventors,  Cultural  and  Media  Studies.  Transcript  Verlag,  Bielefeld,  Germany.  Jarkko  Moilanen:  h_p://surveys.peerproduc@on.net    Kohtala,  C.,  2013.  Shaping  Sustainability  in  Fab  Labs,  in:  Melkäs,  H.,  Buur,  J.  (Eds.),  Proceedings  of  the  Par@cipatory  Innova@on  Conference  PIN-­‐C  2013,  LUT  Scien@fic  and  Exper@se  Publica@ons,  Tutkimusrapor@t  –  Research  Reports  No.  6.  pp.  287–290.  h_ps://blogs.aalto.fi/makerculture/2013/05/22/shaping-­‐sustainability-­‐in-­‐fab-­‐labs/    

Anderson,  C.,  2012.  Makers:  The  New  Industrial  Revolu@on.  Random  House  Business  Books,  New  York,  NY.  Marsh,  P.,  2012.  The  New  Industrial  Revolu@on:  Consumers,  Globaliza@on  and  the  End  of  Mass  Produc@on.  Yale  University  Press,  New  Haven,  CA.  Raasch,  C.,  Hersta_,  C.,  Balka,  K.,  2009.  On  the  open  design  of  tangible  goods.  R&D  Manage.  39,  382–393.