Designing Smart Environments: Integrating Resilience, Sustainability, Information and Experience

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Designing Smart Environments: Integrating Resilience, Sustainability, Information and Experience

AIA Build Pittsburgh 2016

CH2MJeff Murray FAIA | Ozzie Gonzalez Assoc. AIA | James Godfrey

Bounce Forward: Design for Resiliency| Build Pittsburgh 2016 | Pittsburgh, PA | April 21, 2016

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When clients start asking about smart buildings, you have to find answers. The typical definition of a smart

building is one that uses information technology and computing power to enhance building performance. When

team members at CH2M began looking into smart buildings for their clients, the marketplace seemed confusing

as manufacturers of everything from building management systems to window blinds were claiming to own the

‘smart building’ space. This confusion became the inspiration to begin a research project that would try to define

what a truly ‘smart’ environment (room/building/campus/city) could be in terms that would actually help clients

and direct change in the approach to design. This resulted in a group of thought leaders from different design

and engineering disciplines to work on this problem.

During this presentation, the CH2M representatives will report the group’s findings to date, and present a

comprehensive perspective that integrates system resilience, resource sustainability, information technology, and

human experience. The presenters will discuss these four factors and how they influence each other, sometimes

converging and at other times diverging, and then present a framework that can be useful in helping clients

better define their needs while helping designers uncover emergent design opportunities.

Course Description

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Learning Objectives

1. You will learn about recent trends in the use of information technology

and computing power to transform building systems into cyber physical

systems.

2. You will learn about resilient building systems and the difference

between risk assessment and fragility assessment, and the potential

benefits of the latter.

3. You will learn about the synergies and conflicts between resiliency and

sustainability.

4. You will learn about how occupant experience is impacted by the

confluence and divergence of the factors of resource sustainability,

system resilience, and information technology.

At the end of the this course, participants will be able to:


Recognize this product?

Do you know that there

are several billion devices

already connected on the

Internet of Things?


Amazon Echo/Alexa


Topics

• What is NOT a smart

environment

• What IS a smart environment

– Resource Sustainability

– Occupant Experience

– Information Technology

– System Resilience

• Case Studies

• Hopes and Fears


What is NOT a smart building

• Technology for technology’s sake

• Closed source proprietary systems

• Resource waste

• High Total Cost of Ownership

• Malignant complexity

• Exposure to risks and vulnerabilities


Navigating the Complexity of Modern Facilities


Navigating the Complexity of Modern Facilities


What IS a smart buildingBased on an integrated approach to four factors:

RESOURCE

SUSTAINABILITY

OCCUPANT

EXPERIENCE

SYSTEM

RESILIENCE

INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY


Building Performance Framework TypesResources

Resilience

Occupant

Experience

Information

a) Data Center

Resources

Resilience

Occupant

Experience

Information

b) Hospitality

Resources

Resilience

Occupant

Experience

Information

c) Office Building

Resources

Resilience

Occupant

Experience

Information

d) Manufacturing Facility

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SR

OE

IT


The Resource Sustainability Quadrant

Strategies

Sub- Metering

Process Innovations

Greywater Re-use

Low-flow Fixtures

Product Design Innovations

Adaptable Facades

Solar Energy

Co-Generation

Heat Recovery

Lean Manufacturing

Net Zero (Water/Waste/Energy)

Sustainability Factors:

• Site

• Energy

• Water

• Materials

• Space/Time

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IT


Resource Sustainability

Space and Time as important resources

ENERGY | WATER | MATERIALS I SPACE I TIME

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The System Resilience Quadrant

Strategies

Passive Solar Orientation

Natural Ventilation

Raised Access Floors

Interstitial Spaces

Redundancy In Critical Systems

Disaster Planning

Building Re-use

Expandable Building Systems

Mean Time To Repair

Compartmentalization

Data Center Tier Certified

Downtime

Resiliency Factors:

• Reliability

• Flexibility

• Redundancy

• Preparedness

• Maintenance

• Security


System Resilience

“You cannot say with any reliability that a certain remote event or shock is more likely than another…but you

can state with a lot more confidence that an object or structure is more fragile than another…”

-Nassim Taleb [author of Fooled by Randomness].

RELIABILITY | FLEXIBILITY | REDUNDANCY | PREPAREDNESS | MAINTENANCE | SECURITY

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Risk versus Fragility


The Information Technology Quadrant

Technological Factors:

• System Automation

• Occupancy Analytics

• Asset Management

• Connectivity/Communication

• Audio Visual Interface

Strategies

Data Analytics

Energy Simulation Model

Visual Energy Resource Optimization

System Level Metering

Zone Sensor Controls

Building Management System

Automation and Machine Learning

Performance Monitoring

Predictive Maintenance

Multi-System Integration

Performance TrackingRS

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IT


Integrating Systems and Spaces

Systems

• ICT Systems

• A/V Systems

• Lighting/Shade Controls

• Videoconferencing/Collaboration

• Wayfinding/Room Booking/Event Management

• Digital Signage

• Mechanical and Electrical Facility Systems

• Fire Alarm and Security Systems

• Performance Monitoring Systems

• Application Specific Building Systems

Spaces

• Conference Room

• Collaboration Space

• Telepresence Room

• Classroom

• Auditorium

• Command Center

• System Monitoring Room

• Security Room

• Telecom Room

• Lobby

• Technology Showcase


Information Technology

Cyber-Physical Systems [CPS] “Fourth Industrial Revolution”

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IT

Types of Sensors:

• Temperature

• Pressure

• Flow

• Level [quantity]/Leak

• Proximity/Occupancy

• Motion/Velocity/Acceleration

• Image/Optics/Light

• Gas/Chemical/Smoke

• Vibration/Displacement

• Cleanliness [atmospheric]

• Humidity/Moisture

• Mass/Force/Load/Torque/Strain

• Tilt/Position/Proximity

• Biosensor

• Electricity/Magnetism

Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are smart networked systems with embedded

sensors, processors and actuators that are designed to sense and interact with

the physical world (including the human users), and support real-time,

guaranteed performance in safety-critical applications.


The Occupant Experience Quadrant

Strategies

Online Dashboards

Customizable Workspace

Sensory Rooms

Biophilic Design

Fresh Air & Views

Daylighting

Refuge & Interaction Zones

Adaptive Lighting Scenes

Ergonomic Design

Integrated Project Delivery

Co-Location

Collaborative Space

Health and Wellness

Experiential Factors:

• Function

• Work styles/Culture

• Character

• Tech Interface

• Comfort & Wellness

• Amenities

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Occupant ExperienceFUNCTION | INTERFACE | AMENITIES | CHARACTER | COMFORT | WORKSTYLES

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Case Studies


Case Study: Bayer Consolidation and Sustainability Initiative

• Collaborative Work Environment

• Reduced Bldg. Footprint

• Daylighting, Views, IAQ Plan

• Extensive use of Bayer’s materials

• Global AV connectivity

• Certified LEED® Gold

• 50% annual savings on TCO

• Design on Hyper-track schedule

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Case Study: Bayer Pittsburgh CampusRS

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Industrial Age Information Age

Fixed partition offices, packed cubes

Optimize privacy, limited access

Adaptive workstations

Social integration practices

“If you have an environment where people like to work, you’re increasing your

likelihood of success. [Our headquarters] expresses above all the value we place

on our employees.” – Discovery executive

“Successful workspaces don’t just happen…they’re

shaped by external and business factors” -

EXISTING BMS CONCEPTS TODAY’S CONCEPTS



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Case Study: National Graphene Institute

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• Flexibility to evolve with a new science

• Energy and Resource efficient

• Robust systems for redundancy and

reliability

• Express the advanced nature of the work

and home of Nobel Prize winners

• Protection of intellectual property and

research assets

• Encourage collaboration and breakthrough

science

• Highly specialized research environments



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Case Study: Sinnovate Technology Hub

• 242,200 GSF (22,500 SM)

• Post Graduate STEM teaching facility

with distance learning

• High Tech Business Incubator

• Collocated lab and office facilities for

teaching/business shared research

• Tier 3 Hybrid Data Center

• Variety of amenity space

• Intense ‘intelligent’ building features

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Case Study: Sinnovate Technology HubRS

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Case Study: Sinnovate Technology Hub

Intelligent Building Features

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Data Center System Dashboards


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Case Study: Advanced Technical Research Facility

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IT

• Collaborative Work Environment to

encourage public private shared research

• Highly efficient layout provides 10% more

research space

• Flexibility to allow quick changes to lab and

pilot facilities

• Energy efficient, desiccant heat recovery,

chilled beams

• Amenities to attract research partners

• Computational Data Center for research

documentation

• Highly specialized environments for

metrology, biocontainment, and biotech

clean rooms



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Case Study: Portland State Ideation & Innovation Lab

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• Space based on use cases

• Interactive screens with white boards

• Flexible and adaptable configuration

• Allows facilitated conversations

• Hive active learning classroom

• Supports remote learning

• Enables lagless remote data visualization



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ASU Decision Theater – Reference



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Collaborative Screen Layout

Main Screen

Support Screen Support Screen

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Occupant Interface

Operator Interface (typ.)

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Case Study: Industrial ScientificRS

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• Collaborative work environment

• Express brand character

• Daylighting, Views, IAQ Plan

• Support the health and well being of staff

• Energy efficient 100 YR building [no

certifications]

• Reliability to support manufacturing

operations

• Flexibility to change significantly over time

• Safety, security, preparedness are

paramount



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Building Performance Framework


Fears

• “In short, the power of our technology must be matched by our wisdom in using it” –Max Tegmark

• “Without your cell phone you are no longer you” –Marcello Gleiser

• “Today’s thinking machines can sense their surroundings, learn from experience, and make decisions autonomously… [they] carry enormous risks along with their enormous powers.” –Nicholas Carr

• “We need to worry about putting machines in charge of decisions they don’t have the intelligence to make.” –Jon Kleinberg

• “As we become ever more dependent on these cognitive prostheses we risk becoming helpless if they ever shut down” –Daniel C. Dennett


Hopes

• “The way we think and act in the world is changing in

profound ways with the help of computers and the way

we connect with them. It will be up to us to use our new

capabilities wisely” –Sean Carroll

• “The Wikipedia and open-source programming

communities success demonstrates that very complex

projects can thrive in an open environment where many

people keep careful watch on what’s happening and

maintain common standards.” –Frank Wilczek

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Discussion


This concludes The American Institute of Architects

Continuing Education Systems Course

Jeff Murray FAIA:

[email protected]

Ozzie Gonzalez Assoc. AIA:

[email protected]

James Godfrey :

[email protected]