CONCRETE RIVER / KALI BETONre-thinking spaces of urban infrastructure in jakarta

1[ mass interiorization ]

+ 22 years megalomaniac modernism

+ 32 years of authoritarian rule

+ public [official] - private partnerships

+ econocentric growth and globalization

- social welfare and protection of the poor

- human centered urban planning

= widening socio-economic gap

= ease of access and privatization of public land

= diminishing public spaces

= [ mass interiorization ]

[ urban ] chronology

[ interior ] urban landscapes

2003 2004

2009eviction of informal settlements in Latu Menten

development of mixed-use real estate, Seasons City

[ interior ] urban landscapes

20092006

community sports facilities

EmporiumPluitMall

CBD PluitJunction

[ interior ] urban landscapes

+ urban fears and inaccessibility

2[ extensions: productions of ambiguous zones ]

definition.ambiguous zones, also known as “rumija” = rumah milik jalan

river / canal banks

train tracks

“ kolong tol ”

extensions of the [ interior ]

+ underutilized spaces

+ fragmented urban fabric

+ rapid urbanization in bifurcated directions

informal

formal

2003 2008

+ colonization of ambiguous zones is common in other places

Guang-Shen Highway, Pearl River Delta

3[ case : rawa bebek ]

+ historical images of Rawa Bebek area

+ In 2007 and 2008, squatter or informal settlements were cleared

+ Frequent fire incidents along with the stigma of “premanisme”

+ Aftermath of the fires and reconstruction

2008

Rp 872,763,000

$ 94,250approximately

the governor signed an agree-ment to zone the space as Ruang Tanah Hijau [RTH]

the allocated budget for the toll-way is

[rawa bebek RW 13]

+ neighborhood

spatial anthropology part two, an exploration of how people use space in Kelurahan Penjaringan RW 13, 12, 8, Mercy Corps Indonesia HP3 - Urban Program, October 2008 4

Location of study areas in Jakarta

The three study areas (RW 13, 12, 8) are situated in North Jakarta in a neighbourhood called Rawa Bebek, which is part of Kelurahan Penjaringan (a sub-district of North Jakarta). The area commonly called Rawa Bebek by local residents is close to Kota the historical centre of Jakarta, as well as Tanjung Priok and Sunda Kelapa harbours. The three RW are mainly housing areas and have an estimated population of around 26,000 people. They are close to the industrial district of Pluit, Muara Karang, and Jalan Gedung Panjang.

Ini Kampung Kita, Ini Tanggungjawab Kita, Ini Masa Depan Kita -­ Participatory Spatial Planning for Kolong Tol RW13 Penjaringan -­ Analysis Report March 2009 -­ KMPKT RW13 + communities + Mercy Corps HP3 5

KelurahanPenjaringan

kota

RW13

the elevated toll way

Above. the elevated toll way in North Jakarta; location of RW13 in Penjarin-­

gan, North Jakarta.

Since the construction of the elevated toll way in North Jakarta in 1996, the space underneath has had a troubled history that impacted com-­

informal business. In order to link Tanjung Priok, Kota to Jakarta airport, the toll way construc-­tion caused the eviction of 3 existing RW and the large Royal market while dividing the large urban settlement of Rawa Bebek. From 2000, people started to informally sell the land under the toll way for housing. The Kolong Tol community was formed reaching up to 10000 people living under the toll way in Rawa Bebek. The informal settlement grew before it was evicted in 2007, in order to protect the con-­

damaged it.

Kolong Tol cleared of permanent construction today remains attractive for informal business, whose status is still unclear. Some existing small shops (warung) or waste collection businesses (lapak) are still using the area under the toll way, and new uses such as truck parking are developing on the area left empty.

RW13 is one of the smaller administrative area of Rawa Bebek that had been partly evicted by the toll way construction and is now forming a narrow urban strip between the toll way to the north and the railway to the south. RW13 com-­munity supported by Mercy Corps is showing that it is possible to use the space under the toll way positively and built a community compost centre processing organic waste from RW13.

KMPKT (Kelompok Masyarakat Peduli Kolong Tol) was formed in 2008 with the intention to take care about the space under the toll way on be-­half of RW13 community. The group develop an initial plan for Kolong Tol with facilities for people leaving nearby, but with limited input from the community. In the meantime, a Memorandum Of Understanding was signed between the toll way owner (CMNP), the local government (DKI Jakarta) and the Ministry of Public Works. The agreement transfers the responsibility to take care of the space underneath the toll way to local government (DKI Jakarta) which had in-­tention to develop green areas.

Through the participatory planning process, KMPKT (the organiser), Mercy Corps (supporter) and RW13 community want to show that they have a vision for Kolong Tol and they can take care and maintain the area as well as respect-­ing the construction itself.

A community based planning process was set up to develop a different future for Kolong Tol. It will then be advocated to stakeholders and followed by action planning.

The outcome sought by the RW13 community through this process is to obtain the authorisa-­tion to set up and run their own spaces under the toll way. Similar participatory processes in others RW bordering the toll way are already starting.

PART 1 -­ CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES

+ RW 13+ To Airport

+ Pluit

+ Kota

+ kolong tolscenes and community programs

+ participation and local diagnosis

+ mobilizing individuals

+ commitedlocalleadership

+ involving the community

+ potentials

+ empower grassroots advocacy

+ underutilized spaces -> socially generative landscapes

+ re-thinking informality

+ innovative spaces are needed to re-create the ‘public’

+ local diagnosis through participation is good governance

+ remove boundary conditions created by infrastructure

[ urban ] politics

[ urban ] environment

+ productive spaces for community development

+ participation as a tool for empowerment

+ participation as a tool for accurate diagnostics

+ accumulation of political voices

+ capacity building to fight poverty

+ subverting their stigmatized image

[ urban ] poor

U SA

PERU

J A P A N

+ increase ambition and long-term planning

$ 94,250

$ 172million

$ 384million

kolong tol

NYC highline

Seoul River Walk

+ increase public particiaption

+ intellectual activism

+ opinions and ideas

THANK YOU