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This is a brief comparitive study of "surface and elevated " heliports which i have done for my project during summer internship .
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SURFACE HELIPORT AND ELEVATED HELIPORTSUMMER INTERNSHIP JUNE 2013 AT INDIA AVIATION CONSULTING AND SUPPORT ,LLP
Introduction :• A modern helicopter is one of the most versatile
transportation vehicles known to man.
• Typically, a heliport is smaller than an airport providing comparable services. In a large metrocity ,a heliport can serve passengers needing to quickly move within the city or to outlying regions.
• The advantage in flying by helicopter to a destination is that travel can be much faster than driving a car to that destination point.
Contents • Surface Heliport and Elevated heliport
• Site selection for constructing a heliport
• Selection of helicopters and selecting the critical one
• Minimum requirements for designing the TLOF/FATO/SAFETY AREA
• Taxiway Requirements
Contents
• Visual Aids• Visual Glide Slope Indicator• Helicopter Approach Path Indicator• Marking Aids• Lighting Aids
• Safety Considerations at heliport
• Comparative study of Surface and elevated heliport
Surface Heliport • Heliport built on the ground surfaces are known as
surface heliports. The basic element of surface heliport are FATO , TLOF, Safety Area ,Helicopter Parking ,Clear Approach Area ,Rescue & Fire Fighting …etc.
• Elevated Heliport • Heliport built on a raised structure are known as
elevated heliports and the raised structure shall be atleast 30inches above ground.
Site selection requirements • Long term planning – for future expansion
• Area requirements –depending on the number of operations to be held.
• Obstruction clearance
• Wind direction and speed – air flowing around buildings and stand alone trees .
• Electromagnetic Effects – large ventilators and motors.
SELECTION OF HELICOPTERS
• Bell 412
• Agusta AW189
SELECTION OF HELICOPTERS• HH60G PAVE HAWK
• Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion:
SELECTION OF CRITICAL HEICOPTERTypes Passeng
er Capacity
Overall Length (m)
MTOW(kg) Rotor Diameter (m)
Bell 412 13 17.13 5262 14
Agusta SuperLynx 300
15 13.77 5330 12.8
Agusta AW 189
12-18 17.60 6800 14.6
Agusta AW189
• D (Overall Length) = 17.6 m RD = 14.6 m
• TLOF = 1 RD • FATO = 1.5 * D = 26.4 m• Safety Area = 25% * 17.6 = 4.4m
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
TAXIWAY REQUIREMENTS• Taxiways and taxi routes are provided for the
movement of helicopters from one part of a landing facility to another.
• They provide a connecting path between the FATO and a parking area.
• They also provide a maneuvering aisle within the parking area.
• A taxi route includes the taxiway plus the appropriate clearances needed on both sides.
• Taxiway width: 1.5 times the rotor diameter of the designated critical helicopter.
• Taxiway meant for hovering (Taxiroute): i.e. meant for helicopters without landing gear wheels. Are taken as 2 times that of the rotor diameter.
• Here in this project in case of the civil operations we have our taxiway width as 22m i.e. 1.5 * 14.6 which comes as 21.9 m and taxiroute width as 2 * 14.6 = 29.2
APPROACH FUNNEL
The slope is taken as Tan A = opposite/adjacenti.e, 152 / 1219
A= 7.14 degrees
VGSI• A visual glideslope indicator (VGSI) provides pilots
with visual vertical course and descending cues. Install the VGSI such that the lowest on-course visual signal provides a minimum of 1 degree of clearance over any object that lies within 10 degrees of the approach course centerline.
HAPI• HAPI is designed to give visual indications of the
desired approach slope and deviations from it .
• HAPI is a sngle unit device providing one normal approach path and three discrete deviation indications.
• HAPI is a projector unit producing a light signal, the lower half of which is red and the upper half of which is green .
VISUAL AIDS• MARKING AIDS
SPECIFICATIONS SURFACE HELIPORT ELEVATED HELIPORT
TLOF area marking REQUIRED REQUIRED
Aiming point marking REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
Taxiway marking REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
Airway taxiway marking REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
Heliport name marking REQUIRED REQUIRED
Obstacle marking REQUIRED REQUIRED
LIGHTING AIDSSPECIFICATIONS SURFACE HELIPORT ELEVATED HELIPORT
Heliport beacon REQUIRED REQUIRED
Approach lighting system REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
FATO lights REQUIRED REQUIRED
Aiming point lighting REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
TLOF lighting REQUIRED REQUIRED
Taxiway lighting REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
Air taxiway lighting REQUIRED NOT REQUIRED
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS AT HELIPORT• SECURITY : Provide a heliport with appropriate
means of keeping the operational areas clear of people, animals, and vehicles by following means :
• Safety barrier : At ground-level general aviation heliports, erect a safety barrier around the helicopter operational areas in the form of a fence or a wall.
• Build fences with locked gates and Display a cautionary sign as shown below :
• RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING SERVICES : Heliports are subject to state and local rescue and fire-fighting regulations. Provide a fire hose cabinet or extinguisher at each access gate/door and each fueling location. However all these meet the ICAO stipulated guidelines for helicopter operations.
• COMMUNICATIONS : Use a Common Traffic Advisory radio in AERO MOBILE BAND(107 – 136Mhz) to provide arriving helicopters with traffic advisory information.
• AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEM : An automated weather observing system (AWOS) measures and automatically broadcasts current weather conditions at the heliport site.
AWOS : A computer-generated voice message which is broadcast via radio frequency to pilots in the vicinity of an airport. The message is updated at least once per minute, and this is the only mandatory form of weather reporting for an AWOS.
COMPARISON
Microsoft Word Document
A P E R S P E C T I V E D E S I G N
THANK YOU