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Photo Communications, Spring 2012 Columbia College Chicago
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22-3530 - 01 PHOTO COMMUNICATIONS
color
The first permanent color photograph was taking in 1861 by physicist James Clerk Maxwell who used what is known as the 'color separation' method, shooting three separate black and white photos using three filters: red, green, and blue. He then projected the three images registered with their corresponding filters overlapping them to create a color image. The photo below is the famous tartan ribbon photo, the first permanent color photograph.
View of Agen, France, showing the St. Caprais cathedral, by Louis Ducos du Hauron, 1877. Heliochrome(multilayer dichromated pigmented gelatin process).
Louis Ducos du Hauron, Still life with rooster1869-1879 (ca), Color print, dye imbibition process
Stuffed Birds, 1895 (ca)Joly Color, George Eastman House
The Smithsonian National Museum of American History recently discovered these images, the first 3-D, color stereoscopic photographs of San Francisco after the 1906 earthquake. Photographer Frederick Eugene Ives took the color images, known as kromograms, six months after the magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the city on April 18, 1906.
In Lyons, France, Auguste and Louis Lumière, the inventors of the first practical motion picture projector, patented a major breakthrough in the making of color photographs in 1904. The Autochrome Lumière was the first commercially viable and extensively used color photographic process. Introduced to the market in 1907, it remained in production until 1935.
King Frederic VIII and Queen Louise of Denmark, Paris [the first news pictures in color] 1907, 17 June
In Adobe programs, there are two color models you need to know:
RGB & CMYK
RED
GREENBLUE
(K=black)
In Adobe programs, there are two color models you need to know:
RGB & CMYK
RED
GREENBLUE
MAGENTA YELLOW
CYAN
(K=black)
RGB is light. CMYK is ink.
RGB is called additive because all of the colors together at 100% would create white.
RGB is light. CMYK is ink.
RGB is called additive because all of the colors together at 100% would create white.
CMYK is called subtractive because the absence of all ink would leave white.
RGB is light. CMYK is ink.
Taken together, RGB and CMY form a relationship of primaries and secondary colors that can be mixed to
create all of the colors in between.
All six primary colors are made up of one complement and two components.
A 100% fully saturated green also contains no magenta. At all. Magenta also contains no green. They are each other’s complements.
All six primary colors are made up of one complement and two components.
A 100% fully saturated green is composed of equal amount of yellow and cyan only. Yellow and cyan are green’s components.
A 100% fully saturated green also contains no magenta. At all. Magenta also contains no green. They are each other’s complements.
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
1. HUE
2. SATURATION
3. TEMPERATURE
4. VALUE
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
Where the color sits in the visible wavelength: “red”, “blue”
1. HUE
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
The intensity of a color: “!re engine red”, “pastel red”
2. SATURATION
As a graphic designer, you need to be comfortable with with working with RGB (256 values) and CMYK (ink percentages).
How would you increase the saturation of the green sweater? What is the “formula” for the sweater?
In a fully desaturated image, the RGB values will be equal.
In the example to the left, the pixel that is being measured has a value of 33 in all three channels, indicating that it is fully desaturated/neutral.
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
The intensity of a color: “!re engine red”, “pastel red”
2. SATURATION
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
The color’s perceived warmth or coolness
3. TEMPERATURE
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
The tonal value of a color, how light or dark the color is
4. VALUE (or BRIGHTNESS)
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
The tonal value of a color, how light or dark the color is
4. VALUE (or BRIGHTNESS)
Every color can be de!ned by four essential qualities:
The tonal value of a color, how light or dark the color is
4. VALUE (or BRIGHTNESS)
COLOR EXERCISES
CORRECT WITH: auto color
CORRECT WITH: color balance
CORRECT WITH: levels
CORRECT WITH: channels
CORRECT WITH: curves
CORRECT WITH: hue saturation
CORRECT WITH: match color