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BLUETOOTH AND MOBILE IP
Created by
rajashekar ( puli )9347497415 Adamrsquos engg college
PalonchaKhammam dist
bull Mobility support in IP networks requires the use of servers to forward packets to mobile hosts and to maintain information pertaining to a mobile hostrsquos location in the networkbull In one proposed protocol the mobile-IP protocol location and packet forwarding functions are provided by servers referred to as home agents bull These home agents may become the bottleneck when there are a large number of mobile hosts in the network bull In this paper we consider the design and analysis of load balancing mechanisms for multiple home agents in the mobile-IP protocolbull Bluetooth technology was intended to hasten the convergence of voice and data to handheld devices such as cellular telephones and portable computers bull Through the efforts of its developers and the members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG)
ABSTRACT
bull Bluetooth is cable free or wireless technology
bullThe idea of a cable-free or wireless technology was initially conceived by Ericsson in 1994
bull Bluetooth is an open standard specification for a radio frequency (RF)-based short-range connectivity technology that promises to change the face of computing and wireless communication
bull It also will enable wireless connections for desktop computers making connections between monitors printers keyboards and the CPU cable-free bull A key objective in providing mobility support is to ensure that mobile hosts are able to send and receive messages when they move within a network or from one network to another
INTRODUCTION
BLUETOOTH
bull Bluetooth technology was intended to hasten the convergence of voice and data to handheld devices such as cellular telephones and portable computers
bull Through the efforts of its developers and the members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) it is now emerging with features and applications that not only remain true to its original intent but also provide broader uses of its technology
Bluetooth ComponentsA complete Bluetooth system will require these elements An RF portion for receiving and transmitting data A module with a baseband microprocessor Memory An interface to the host device (such as a mobile phone)
Bluetooth Goals1048698 Open Specification1048698 Voice and Data Capability1048698 Worldwide Usability1048698 Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
bull Mobility support in IP networks requires the use of servers to forward packets to mobile hosts and to maintain information pertaining to a mobile hostrsquos location in the networkbull In one proposed protocol the mobile-IP protocol location and packet forwarding functions are provided by servers referred to as home agents bull These home agents may become the bottleneck when there are a large number of mobile hosts in the network bull In this paper we consider the design and analysis of load balancing mechanisms for multiple home agents in the mobile-IP protocolbull Bluetooth technology was intended to hasten the convergence of voice and data to handheld devices such as cellular telephones and portable computers bull Through the efforts of its developers and the members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG)
ABSTRACT
bull Bluetooth is cable free or wireless technology
bullThe idea of a cable-free or wireless technology was initially conceived by Ericsson in 1994
bull Bluetooth is an open standard specification for a radio frequency (RF)-based short-range connectivity technology that promises to change the face of computing and wireless communication
bull It also will enable wireless connections for desktop computers making connections between monitors printers keyboards and the CPU cable-free bull A key objective in providing mobility support is to ensure that mobile hosts are able to send and receive messages when they move within a network or from one network to another
INTRODUCTION
BLUETOOTH
bull Bluetooth technology was intended to hasten the convergence of voice and data to handheld devices such as cellular telephones and portable computers
bull Through the efforts of its developers and the members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) it is now emerging with features and applications that not only remain true to its original intent but also provide broader uses of its technology
Bluetooth ComponentsA complete Bluetooth system will require these elements An RF portion for receiving and transmitting data A module with a baseband microprocessor Memory An interface to the host device (such as a mobile phone)
Bluetooth Goals1048698 Open Specification1048698 Voice and Data Capability1048698 Worldwide Usability1048698 Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
bull Bluetooth is cable free or wireless technology
bullThe idea of a cable-free or wireless technology was initially conceived by Ericsson in 1994
bull Bluetooth is an open standard specification for a radio frequency (RF)-based short-range connectivity technology that promises to change the face of computing and wireless communication
bull It also will enable wireless connections for desktop computers making connections between monitors printers keyboards and the CPU cable-free bull A key objective in providing mobility support is to ensure that mobile hosts are able to send and receive messages when they move within a network or from one network to another
INTRODUCTION
BLUETOOTH
bull Bluetooth technology was intended to hasten the convergence of voice and data to handheld devices such as cellular telephones and portable computers
bull Through the efforts of its developers and the members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) it is now emerging with features and applications that not only remain true to its original intent but also provide broader uses of its technology
Bluetooth ComponentsA complete Bluetooth system will require these elements An RF portion for receiving and transmitting data A module with a baseband microprocessor Memory An interface to the host device (such as a mobile phone)
Bluetooth Goals1048698 Open Specification1048698 Voice and Data Capability1048698 Worldwide Usability1048698 Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
BLUETOOTH
bull Bluetooth technology was intended to hasten the convergence of voice and data to handheld devices such as cellular telephones and portable computers
bull Through the efforts of its developers and the members of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) it is now emerging with features and applications that not only remain true to its original intent but also provide broader uses of its technology
Bluetooth ComponentsA complete Bluetooth system will require these elements An RF portion for receiving and transmitting data A module with a baseband microprocessor Memory An interface to the host device (such as a mobile phone)
Bluetooth Goals1048698 Open Specification1048698 Voice and Data Capability1048698 Worldwide Usability1048698 Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Bluetooth ComponentsA complete Bluetooth system will require these elements An RF portion for receiving and transmitting data A module with a baseband microprocessor Memory An interface to the host device (such as a mobile phone)
Bluetooth Goals1048698 Open Specification1048698 Voice and Data Capability1048698 Worldwide Usability1048698 Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Bluetooth Goals1048698 Open Specification1048698 Voice and Data Capability1048698 Worldwide Usability1048698 Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Specification v11 Profiles1048698 Generic Access Profile1048698 Service Discovery Application Profile1048698 Serial Port Profilendash Virtual COM portndash Dial-up Networking Profilendash FAX Profilendash LAN Access Profilendash Headset Profile
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
MOBILE IP
Inorder for the mobile host to receive messages at its new locationit must obtain an IP address in the new network and messagessent to the original IP address need to be forwarded to the new IPaddress
Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host
One home address and one care-of address The home address is permanent The care-of address
changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network
to which the host is attached
Home address and care-of address
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
In the mobile-IP protocol this support is provided bytwo servers namely the foreign agent and the home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Home Agent
Home agent and foreign agent
When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Remote host and mobile host communication
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP and appends
an agent advertisement message
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Agent advertisement
Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Registration request and reply
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Registration reply format
A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Data transfer
The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP
Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient A severe case is called double crossing or 2X A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing
Double crossing
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
Triangle routing
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
When the Mobile IP protocol is deployed subnets which aresupporting a large number of mobile hosts will need to have multiplemobility agents in order to provide an adequate level of service
In this paper we presented a means of evenly distributingthe load among multiple home agents in the Mobile IP protocol
By providing a mechanism which allows incoming packetstreams to be transferred from one home agent to another wemay achieve gains over schemes in which each packet stream isonly served by a single home agent
