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ARCHITECTURE & KERALA Anthropometry Materials (present and traditional) Cost of materials(as on may 2013) Climatic conditions Architecture (present and traditional) AR

Architecture & Kerala

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Page 1: Architecture & Kerala

ARCHITECTURE & KERALA

Anthropometry Materials (present and traditional) Cost of materials(as on may 2013) Climatic conditions Architecture (present and traditional)

AR

Page 2: Architecture & Kerala

Anthropometry Avg. height of man=1700mm,5’8’’ Height of chair=450mm,1’6’’ ‘’ study table=750mm,2’5’’ ‘’ switchboard=1500mm,4’11’’ ‘’ kitchen counter=800mm,2’8’’ ‘’ shower =2000mm,6’5’’ Size of dining table:-4 sitting=28’’, 44’’ ‘’ 6 sitting=34’’,60’’ ‘’ 8 sitting=34’’,72’’ ‘’ (circular) 4//6//8 sitting=32’’//46’’//56’’ ‘’ (square) 4//6//8 sitting=32’’//44’’//48’’ Height of toilet seat=350mm,1’2’’ ‘’ wash basin=1000mm,3’4’’

Page 3: Architecture & Kerala

Materials – Present Tiles Cement Brick Paint Wood Sheets Marble

Granite Steel Aluminium Plaster of Paris Random rubble Putty M Sand

Page 4: Architecture & Kerala

Ceramic tiles_ 80 micron thickness

Rectified tiles_ mix of marble &granite powder, glossy coating, easily scratched

Vitrified tiles_strongest tile ,not porous ,same texture throughout

Hardwood tiles_have polyurethane coating, wears out easily.

TilesTypes of tiles.

Page 5: Architecture & Kerala

Ordinary_general construction like footpaths

Modified_moderate sulphate resistance and heat of hydration, used in drainage systems, sea walls

High-early strength_higher strength soon after pouring, used in cold weather construction

Low heat_low heat of hydration, used in massive structures like dams

Sulphate resistant-foundation in high sulphate soils

Cement3CaO.SiO2.1/2H20

Types of cement

Page 6: Architecture & Kerala

Portland cement

Constitution %

Lime-62Silica-22Alumina-5Iron Oxide-3Magnesia-2Sulphur-1

Page 7: Architecture & Kerala

Burnt_country made & wire cut

Cement Hollow cement

BrickTypes of Brick

Constitution(%)0

20

40

60Constitution(%)

Constitution(%)

Page 8: Architecture & Kerala

Paints

Interior emulsions

Distemper

Exterior emulsions

Texture paint

Enamel paint

Wood finish

Primer

Types of paints

Page 9: Architecture & Kerala

Hardwood_teak ,rosewood ,mahogany ,jackfruit

Softwood_oak

WoodTypes of wood

Page 10: Architecture & Kerala

GI sheets PVC sheets Poly carbonate Aluminium sheets

SheetsTypes of sheets

Page 11: Architecture & Kerala

Italian marble Jaisalmer marble

MarbleTypes of marble

Page 12: Architecture & Kerala

Black Colored

GraniteTypes of granite

Page 13: Architecture & Kerala

Mild steel Medium carbon

steel High speed steel Stainless steel

SteelTypes of steel

Page 14: Architecture & Kerala

Materials - Traditional Stone Lime Clay Timbre Wood Mosaic Marble Granite Cow dung Bamboo

Page 15: Architecture & Kerala

Cost of materials (Rs.) Tiles_i. Ceramic – 20-40/sqftii. Rectified – 35-45/sqftiii. Semi Vitrified – 65-100/sqftiv. Vitrified – 90-150/sqft Paint_i. Interior emulsion –

2.9-4.2/sqftii. Exterior emulsion – 5.6/sqftiii. Texture – 4/sqftiv. Distemper – 2.6/sqftv. Wood finish – 4.5/sqftvi. Enamel – 1.4/sqft

Wood_i. Teak – 2600-3500/cftii. Hardwood – 1500-2000/cftiii. Moulded – 2500/cftiv. Syntex – 1500/cft Sheets_i. Poly carbonate - 45-50/sqftii. GI - Marble_i. Italian – 250-1500/sqftii. Indian – 45-120/sqft

Page 16: Architecture & Kerala

Cost of materials (Rs.) Random rubble_i. 3500/unit M Sand_i. 4600/unit Sand_i. 15000/unit Soil_i. 1500/unit Metal_i. 2300/unit Vinyl_i. 200/sqft Wallpaper_i. 8-260/sqft

Brick_i. 6/pc Granite_i. Black – 200/sqftii. Colored – 130/sqft Cement_i. 350/bag(50Kg) Steel_i. 45/Kg

Page 17: Architecture & Kerala

Climatic conditions Temperature – 20C-34C Annual Rainfall – 3107 mm Angle of Rain – 40* Monsoon – June-Aug->SW//Sept-Dec->NE Warm humid climate, thermal discomfort, high

precipitation

Page 18: Architecture & Kerala

Traditional Architecture Traditionally Kerala has its architectural roots from

Buddhism which once prevailed in the area. Temple architecture was incorporated into domestic

and public buildings. The main features are_i. Base model is normally square ,rectangular ,circular plain

shapes with ribbed roof evolved from functional consideration.ii. Long ,steep sloping roof which make the building look low rise.iii. Gable windows were used which provided for air circulation and

thermal control.iv. Detached buildingsv. Passive method of climate control

Page 19: Architecture & Kerala

Plinth height is usually 450mm.

Extension of roof after base is 750 to 900 acting as a rain shade

Sothern wall in thekkinipura and western wall of vadakkinipura are 24cms thicker than other walls.

Rooms_i. North-Treasuryii. NE-Prayer roomiii. East-Bathroomiv. SE-Kitchenv. South-Bedroomvi. SW-Armoryvii. NW-Cowshedviii. West-Drawing room

Plinth - stone Wall - Laterite Mortar – Lime ,Surkhy Structural material-Bamboo ,teak Walling - Clay, Lime Roof - Timbre, clay tiles

Page 20: Architecture & Kerala

Nalukettu….

4 Blocks – vadakkini, padinjattini, kizhakkini, thekkini Padippura - Entry into compound Poomukham - Portico Chuttu Verandah – Verandah to either side of house from

Poomukham Charupady-benches on the Chuttu verandah Aambal Kulam-Pond Nadumuttam-Central open courtyard Puja-NE corner Mural Paintings Chithra Thoonu

Page 21: Architecture & Kerala

Architecture today In the present times Kerala has opened itself for

experiments in architecture sometimes mixing traditional architecture with contemporary architecture or using only contemporary architecture.

But still a lot of its citizens prefer traditional architecture to the modern one.Nalukettus are a growing tradition among the keralites even in the cities.

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