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1
Challenge the future
Third Set of Locks
Rolling gate design
Challenges in the Design of Extreme Lock Gates
Ir. Jeremy Augustijn
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Challenge the future
Who are we?
Iv-Groep is active in six markets: Buildings & Structures Industry & Energy Infrastructure & Ports Maritime Oil & Gas Water
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Challenge the future
Offices Worldwide
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Challenge the future
Choice of words
• “Challenges”
• “Extreme”
• “Difficult”
• “Paradox”
• “Unprecedented”
• “Problems”
WE LOVE IT
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Challenge the future
3rd set of locks, overview
Subtitle
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Challenge the future
What’s so special?
SIZE
SEISMIC
FATIGUE
DIFFERENTIAL HEAD
DRY
OUTAGE
FLOATING
99.6%
AVAILABILITY
SHIP
IMPACT
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Challenge the future
Head / Fatigue / Floatability
• 2 x 8 gates; lockage process
• 250.000 cycles of operation
• Gatun Lake •Pacific
•Uplockage (Ocean Lake)
•G1 G2
•Lock Head 1
•G3 G4
•Lock Head 2
•G5 G6
•Lock Head 3
•G7 G8
•Lock Head 4
• Limitation allowable operational stresses
• Requirements details
• Buoyancy chamber: low
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Challenge the future
Floating Employers Requirement:
All lock gates shall be stable
while floating upright without the
aid of additional floating
equipment, cables, or supports.
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Challenge the future
Flotation hull panels
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Challenge the future
Lower wagon assembly
Employers Requirement:
Each of the wagon attachments to the gate shall be designed to allow
wagon replacement in less than 4 hours.
Traditional lower wagon design: •Floating of gate: 8-16 hours •Divers operation: Lock unavailable
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Challenge the future
Support system
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Upper wagon
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Lower wagon
17-12-2013 “SMART RIVERS
2013”
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Challenge the future
Lower wagon: Top of gate
17-12-2013 “SMART RIVERS
2013”
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Challenge the future
Load Limiting Device
17-12-2013 “SMART RIVERS
2013”
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Challenge the future
Gate drive mechanism
• Drive force acts central to gate
• Redundancy: Double / thinner ropes
17-12-2013 “SMART RIVERS
2013”
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Challenge the future
Guiding Bearing and Sealing
Employers Requirements:
Leakage: The maximum allowable leakage rate per meter of lock gate seals and
sealing surfaces at any point shall not exceed 10 liters/minute when the gate is
subjected to normal and maintenance operating conditions. The overall average
leakage rate per meter of lock gate seals and sealing surfaces shall not exceed 5
liters/minute.
• Traditional New Panama gates
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Challenge the future
Guiding/Sealing on concrete
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Challenge the future
0
1
2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Spec
tral
Acc
eler
atio
n (g
)
Period (s)
PACIFIC LOCKS
Level 1 - 475-year
Level 2 - 1000-year
• Lock head +
gates models:
Time histories
• Gate models:
Response
spectra
Seismic design criteria
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Challenge the future
Seismic design criteria
• “Full scale” oscillation tests
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Challenge the future
Seismic scale model laboratory tests
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Structural design
& Optimization of gates
Fatigue
Check/Optimize
Dry Outage
Check/Optimize
Drawings Weight
Estimate
Seismic
Check/Optimize
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Detail Engineering
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Conclusions
• Engineering of scales has its limits
• Crossing these often requires innovation
• “Borrowing” from other fields or disciplines can be a good
method to find interesting, precedented solutions
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Questions?
• Jeremy Augustijn
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Challenge the future
Iv-Infra b.v.
Trapezium 322
3364 DL Sliedrecht
P.O. Box 135
3350 AC Sliedrecht
The Netherlands
Phone: +31 (0)88 943 32 00
E-mail: [email protected]
www.iv-infra.nl
Fultonbaan 30
3439 NE Nieuwegein
The Netherlands
Phone: +31 (0)30 602 30 30
E-mail: [email protected]
www.iv-infra.nl
Kraanspoor 28
1033 SE Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Phone: +31 (0)20 630 46 40
Fax: +31 (0)20 630 46 41
E-mail: [email protected]
www.iv-infra.nl
Contact
www.iv-groep.com