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Two's a Crowd: Crowdsourcing Addresses for OpenStreetMap in the UK
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Two's a Crowd:Two's a Crowd:OpenStreetMap Experience of
Crowdsourcing Addresses in the UK
Jerry CloughJerry CloughSK53
[email protected]@SK53onOSM
Blog: Maps Matter
ExperienceExperience
SurveysSurveys
● Primary means of address collection– Bicycle or Foot
– 250-1000 addresses per hour (inner city-suburbs)
– Usually pencil & paper, perhaps with Field Papers.
● Data entry usually 2-3 times as long● Experience dramatically improves
efficiency● Low immediate reward from mapping
– Relatively few dedicated address mappers (~ 5% of active mappers)
GPS traces of address surveys in Nottingham & Maidenhead. Source: OSM contributors & Mapbox
ResourcesResources
● Ground Surveys● Local Knowledge● Aerial Images
– Bing / MapBox● Licensed solely for OSM Mapping
● Photos– During survey
– Geograph
– Mapillary
– OpenStreetView
● National Open Data– Ordnance Survey StreetView
– LR Prices Paid, NROSH, Companies House
● Local Open Data– Planning
– Food Hygiene
● Old Maps– NLS
– OpenStreetMap Out-of-copyright maps
Typical OdditiesTypical Oddities
● Addresses not located on road different from name– Sherwin Walk, Nott'm
● Roads with houses, but no valid addresses– Sherwin Walk, Nott'm
● Roads with different names on each side– Poultry/Cheapside, Nott'm
– Long Row/Smithy Row, Nott'm
● Multiple inconsistent addresses – Austin Reed, N'ham
– (OSGB, NCC, Royal Mail & Austin Reed each has different version)
● More nesting of levels than supported by BS7666– Leen Court, Nott'm
– Named terraces (Bangor, N. Wales)
Photo: 1-6, The Garland, Leen Court, Leen Gate, Nottingham NG7 2HR
DifficultiesDifficulties
● Gated Developments– Sheltered Housing
– Modern flats & houses
– Many modern social housing schemes
● Tower Blocks● Radburn Estates● In-fill of Victorian/Edwardian streets● Absence of housenumbers● Properties with names only
DataData
OSM Addresses in UKOSM Addresses in UK
● Largest OPEN set of accurately located data– Mostly to within 5 m
– Some at delivery point
● Licensed under ODbL– Viral CC-BY-SA
– Derived data an issue● OpenData analogue of
OSGB-derived data
● Created for:
– Geolocation– Thematic interestse.g., MESH Edinburgh Historical Atlas (Richard Rodger)
– Local Maps
– General obsessiveness
Distribution of Address DataDistribution of Address Data
● > 800k (August '14)
● Places– Cambridge– Tendring– Wokingham– Birmingham– Nottingham – Broxtowe– Runcorn
Excludes interpolated address (~ 100k)Areas shaded in decilesCentroid area scaled by number(Birmingham ~ 100k)
Patchy at Patchy at all levelsall levels
ToolsTools
KeyPad MapperKeyPad Mapper
● Dedicated Address Mapping– OpenSource Android app
– Supported by ENIaKOON ● German telematics firm● Owners active OSM contributors
● Simple to use– Data collected in OSM XML format
– Location not accurate enough● Smartphone GPS● Canyon effect
– Battery Life● Other Smartphone apps
– OSMAnd
– Vespucci
Nominatim:Nominatim:Gazetteer, Geolocation, Geocoding
● Worldwide search engine● Builds locational
hierarchies● Can use non-OSM Open
Data– ONS CodePoint Open
● Many search strategies● (Reverse) Geocoding
OSM-NottinghamOSM-Nottingham
Integrates searching of OSM & Open Data
● Browsing of open data on a map
● Powerful tool to aid address / post code mapping
● Other– Restricted to some NG postcode
districts
– Thematic display of OSM data– Multiple raster layers
http://osm-nottingham.org.uk/
Honourable MentionsHonourable Mentions
● PostCode FinderPostCode Finder– by Matt Williams
● No recent work (PhD to finish)● Presentation at SotM13
– http://milliams.dev.openstreetmap.org/postcodefinder/
● OsmoseOsmose– QA tool by Frédéric Rodrigo– Extensive used by OSM-FR and elsewhere
● MapRouletteMapRoulette– Platform for gamification of OSM edits
– Martijn van Exel & Serge Wroclawski
● NYPL Building InspectorNYPL Building Inspector– Crowd-sourcing of parcels & addresses from historical NYC
insurance maps– Developed by Tim Waters & Topomancy LLP
● And many others– Search & Geocoding: OpenCageData, MapZen– QA tools– Addressing tools: many by Svimik for Estonia
CommunityCommunity
Motivating ContributorsMotivating Contributors
More contributionsMore contributions● Current rely on small core
of address 'addicts'● Steady drip of one-of
contributions● Germany has broader
coverage – 10-times more OSMers
– More activity in small towns
– Local pride
– More manageable task
Imports of dataImports of data● Imported data gets stale ● Quality rarely as good
as surveyed data● British community
generally sceptical of value of imports
● Believed to have limited OSM in US
Project initiated byOpenStreetMap France
BANO content :- OSM : 2.2 M addresses- opendata : 1.2M- cadastre : 14.9M
As of August 2014
Green : OSM dataYellow : opendataBlue : cadastre + OSM*Red : cadastre only
* matching roads/streetsfound in OSM data.
80 % of municipalities havea vector based cadastre
http://openstreetmap.fr/bano
BANOBANO
addresses.ioaddresses.io
● Initiative of OSM-US Chapter (Ian Dees &c.)● Repository on Github of metadata for address
open data– Potentially thousands of available data sets at local
level in US & Canada
● Most information for US & Canda– Also some France (BANO), Netherlands & South
Africa
SummarySummary
OSM UK AddressesOSM UK Addresses● Biggest geolocated open
dataset for UK● Crowd-sourced
– if 2's a crowd
● Mainly ground truth surveys● Patchy & Partial● Not yet at critical mass● Viral Share-alike licence
(OdbL)–
OSM as an EnablerOSM as an Enabler
● Large test dataset
● Knowledge & skills
● Wide range of tools covering address data management
● Community committed to Open Address data w/w
Acknowledgements
● Christian Quest, OSM-FR (BANO)● Ian Dees, OSM-US (addresses.io)● Simon Poole, OSM-CH (Address QA)● Geofabrik, Karlsruhe (OSM Inspector)● Will Phillips, Nottingham (OSM-Nottingham)● Matt Williams (OpenPostcodeFinder)● Harry Wood, London (discussions)
Acknowledgements
● Christian Quest, OSM-FR (BANO)● Ian Dees, OSM-US (addresses.io)● Simon Poole, OSM-CH (Address QA)● Geofabrik, Karlsruhe (OSM Inspector)● Will Phillips, Nottingham (OSM-Nottingham)● Matt Williams (OpenPostcodeFinder)● Harry Wood, London (discussions)
