State Institute of Urban planning and Architecture

Architectural Design Theory-IV Submitted by:Anurag kamal

Mandeep Praveen

Prashant

FRANK LLOYD WEIGHT

•PRAIRIE STYLE ARCHITECTURE•USONIAN STYLE ARCHITECTURE POLLIWOG USONIAN DIAGONAL USONIAN IN-LINE USONIAN HEXAGONAL USONIAN RAISED USONIAN•ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

DIFFERENT STYLES OF ARCHITECTURE

POLLIWOG USONIAN,JACOB’S HOUSE

DIAGONAL USONIAN,MARCUS’ HOUSE IN-LINE USONIAN,FALLING WATER

HEXAGONAL USONIAN,BAZZET HOUSE

PRAIRIE STYLE

•Frank lloyd wright moved from Victorian architecture to prairie style of architecture•Open plan•Extended low building with shallow ,sloping roof•Overhangs and terraces•Long and low windows

ROBIE’S HOUSE

ELEVATIONS

USONIAN STYLE With the stock-market crash of 1929, Frank Lloyd Wright turned his interest to low cost housing for the masses. He called these houses, Usonian, being of the USA. The first of these was the Jacob’s house (1936).The entire project cost $5,500, this included Wrights fee of $450. In the next 30 years over 50 houses were built, and a hundred more designed, on the precepts of the Jacob’s home. These homes were innovated and ahead of their time, as Wright created homes to fulfill the needs of a changing American society. Following the demands of Organic Architecture, each of the houses were individual and unique. However, they did have common elements that united them.*Designed on a Module system - Originally a 2’ x 4’ grid and a vertical grid of 1’-1”. these were the size of 1/2 sheet plywood, and the diIMENSIOs of the slat and battens that made up the wall. Later other modules would be used based on the site and the materials used.

POLLIWOG USONIAN DIAGONAL USONIAN IN-LINE USONIAN

HEXAGONAL USONIAN RAISED USONIAN

DEVELOPMENTS IN USONIAN STYLE

USONIAN STYLE

THIS WAS BASICALLY BASED ON JAPENEESE

STYLE OF CONSTRUCTION i.e. MAKING ROOF

AND LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE FIRST ,THEN

CREATINS A SHELTERED ENVIRONMENT

* Deep Eaves - Cantilevered roofs that overhung and sheltered the walls, shading the house and Clearstory windows from the afternoon sun*Open Plan - Pioneered the connecting of the kitchen, dining room, and Living room. This Reflected the need for the Lady of the house to be connected to the activity of the house, not hidden away.* Connection to Nature - Shielded house from Public, but opened up the private side to the gardens and Light, blending indoors and outdoors, continuing the design of the house to the exterior.* Efficient design of Bedrooms and Bathrooms - Bedrooms were modest in size, but contained spacious closets. Bathroom plumbing was stacked and located adjacent to kitchen to economize on material cost.* Passive Heating - Use of concrete floors as thermal mass and large windows help regulate heating and cooling. In-bedded Plumbing pipes under foundations to provide radiant heating.* Economical Materials - Used materials that were inexpensive. Early models with concrete, brick, and plywood, later with local stones and CMU blocks. Avoided ornamentation, instead let the natural properties of the materials provide the details of the house

USONIAN STYLE KEY ELEMENTS OF USONIAN STYLE

TECHNIQUES OF CONSTRUCTION…

TECHNIQUES OF CONSTRUCTION…

TECHNIQUES USED…

JACOB’S HOUSE

PLAN OF JACOB’S HOUSE

ELEVATIONS OF JACOB’S HOUSE

ORIGINAL ISOMETRIC VIEWS FROM FRANK LLOYD’S DRAWINGS

POLLIWOG USONIAN,JACOB’S HOUSE

DIAGONAL USONIAN,MARCUS’ HOUSE IN-LINE USONIAN,FALLING WATER

HEXAGONAL USONIAN,BAZZET HOUSE

Falling water is constructed on three levels primarily of reinforced concrete, native sandstone and glass.

Soaring cantilevered balconies are anchored in solid rock. Walls of glass form the south exposure, and a vertical shaft of mitered glass merges with stone and steel to overlook the stream

Walls not made of glass are built of locally quarried stone, and the massive, central fireplace is composed of boulders removed from the site to make way for construction but restored to form the hearth, the traditional heart of a home

Falling water is a man-made dwelling suspended above a waterfall.

It offers an imaginative solution to a perennial American problem: how to enjoy a civilized life without intruding upon the natural world

FALLINGWATER

GROUNG FLOOR PLAN

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

THIRD FLOOERPLAN

ELEVATIONS ANS ISOMETRIC

All the stone at Fallingwater was quarried about 500 feet west of the waterfalls. Workers put up the stone in a rough, shifting manner so it would look like rock coming right from the ground

There are only 4 materials used in falling waters ……stone steel rcc glass