Waste is a market – especially for poor!

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What is the problem?

• Generation of solid waste per day: 0,4 - 0,6 kg/capita, 80% in the cities

• Cities > 50’000 residents usually have a waste collection service, but only 5% of the rural municipalities (< 50’000) have a waste collection service

• There is no adequate waste treatment, nor does significant recovery exist: 80-90% of total solid waste ends up in insufficiently managed landfills

• High costs for collection services, due to inefficient systems

• Highly informal recycling sector (poor people)

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What is the problem of solid waste?

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Waste management in Bolivia

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Waste management in Ecuador

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Comparison of Trash Bag

6% PAPER

2% GLASS

12% BIN, packaging

60% ORGANICS

BIN, packaging 2%

GLASS 6%PAPER 24%

ORGANICS 18%

20% OTHERSothers 50%

BOLIVIASWITZERLAND

Solid waste: 5.340.020 tons per yearRate: 2,0 kg per capita and day

Solid waste: 1.270.800 tons per yearRate: 0,4 kg per capita and day

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Potential for recycling in Bolivia

20% OTHERS2% METALS

60% ORGANICS

6% PAPER

2% GLASS10% PLASTICS Inorganic

waste

20%

Organic waste

60%

Not reusable waste

20%

Recycling industry

Compostor

biogas

Landfill

80% of solid waste could be reused in Bolivia!

Economic potential of waste recovery

in Bolivia:

Value of solid waste: 60 millions

USD per year

Job opportunities for 20.000 people

Solid waste: Potential in Bolivia

Energetic potential (biogas production

from organic waste) in Bolivia:

20 million gas containers

per year (2 for each inhabitant)

Environmental potential in Bolivia:

80% less solid waste in landfills =

less transport & treatment costs,

less pollution, less greenhouse gases

Access to natural resources

Aluminum Glass Plastics (PET)

Aluminum recycling saves up to 95% of energy in comparison to the new production.There is NO abrasion of the material!

Glass is glass - one can melt it without abrasion!This way it is possible to save more than 25% of energy compared to new production.

The production of new bottles of recycled material needs 50% less energy than the production with raw material. This saves crude oil.

SC Experience – Solid Waste Management

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Project “Ecocommunities” in Bolivia - DP

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Dimension of the project

Development Program Duration of 4 years (2009 – 2012) 4 biggest cities of Bolivia

=> 40% of the population in Bolivia 400 Ecocommunities Average of 2’000 residents per Ecocommunity

=> 800.000 residents The project aims to establish and strengthen systems for

solid waste collection, treatment, recycling and environmental services through a systemic intervention in urban areas of Bolivia, especially in neighbor-hoods

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Intended system change

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Rational & Goal

Rational

To contribute to poverty alleviation and higher life quality on individual and community level.

Project Goal

To contribute to value addition and creation of new jobs and generation of higher incomes for system actors:

• 1’200 new jobs with stable incomes above minimum salary

• 230 SME’s involved

• Market growth of at least 20%: sales/turnover in sector (recycling and green jobs)

• Women’s proportion in target groups at least 50%

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Main project elements

Awareness building Collection systems

Institutional strengthening Green jobs & treatment centers

1 2

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Awareness building

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Awareness building

Door to door

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Events for awareness building

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Events for awareness building

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Politics for Waste Reduction

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Collection systems

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Collection systems

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Collection points in urban districts

Before After

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Selling of recyclable materials

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Green jobs La Paz – Recicla Ahora

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Green jobs La Paz - Resiplast

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Green jobs - Cochabamba

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Green jobs - Cochabamba

Waste Treatment

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Treatment centers – e-waste

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Treatment centers - Compost

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Production of energy - Biogas

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Women prison of La Paz

Involved actors

• Most important actors are the CITIZENS as waste producer!

• Municipal authorities as the responsible institution for solid waste management

• Waste pickers for collection and treatment/recovery

• SMEs for waste treatment

• Local and regional recycling industry

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Results of the first 2 years (2009 – 2010)

Involved “Eco-Communities” 85

Reached households through awareness building 75’000375‘000 individuals

Number of involved waste pickers 135

Number of involved SMEs 46Collected material (recyclable and organic waste)The project could reduce about 3250 tons of CO2-equivalents in 2010

10’000 tons

Contribution of involved cities USD 250’000

Created Jobs 200

Separate collection system on urban district level

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Experience in Cochabamba

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Experience in Cochabamba

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Experience in La Paz

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Experience in La Paz

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Lessons learnt

• There is a huge political interest in the topic on all levels (national, regional and local government)

• People are participating, if they have the option!

• Recovering and recycling processes can be managed strictly on a private level => Generation of new jobs and income

• Collection and treatment of organic waste is not a big business, but it drastically reduces the waste volume entering to the landfill (costs). Therefore it should be managed by municipal services.

• Hazardous waste should be collected separately and treated adequately (controlled by authorities)

• The authorities share the important task to elaborate an adequate legal framework for an integral waste management system.

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Impact on Acquisition & Fundraising

• Swisscontact is the leading institution in waste management in Bolivia

• All municipal authorities (biggest cities) want to implement ECOVECINDARIOS as a local policy with the technical cooperation of Swisscontact (they provide technical staff and money).

• Swisscontact carried out a World Bank financed study to design an integral waste management system for 4 rural municipalities around Lake Titicaca.

• IDB has asked Swisscontact to develop and implement a waste management project for 20 rural municipalities (3 years, started 01.02.2011)

• New EU financed solid waste management in Ecuador started in February 2011, covering 5 municipalities

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IDB – Waste Management Project, Bolivia

Microenterprises for the Integral Solid Waste Management in Rural Communities of Bolivia

•The project will develop 20 microenterprises with approximately 300 new jobs (in total) in 20 rural municipalities in Bolivia.

•The general objective of the project is to create jobs, linked to solid waste management, for inhabitants of rural areas in Bolivia.

•3 years (2011 – 2013)

•USD 1.5 Mio (950.000 IDB – 550.000 SC)

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IDB – Waste Management Project, Bolivia

The specific objectives are the following:

(1)Create 20 microenterprises in 20 rural municipalities in Bolivia

(2)Create approximately 300 jobs within the 20 microenterprises

(3)Benefit the about 300,000 inhabitants of these municipalities

(4)Create environmental awareness and a recycling culture within the population

(5)Improve recycling rates within the 20 rural municipalities by at least 20%

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EU – Waste Management Project, Ecuador

Solid Waste Management: Strengthening of Municipalities

•The project will develop and implement integrated solid waste management systems in 5 medium sized municipalities in Ecuador.

•The general objective of the project is to improve the municipal solid waste management systems

•3 years (2011 – 2013)

•EUR 900.000 (600.000 EU – 300.000 SC)

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Public Private Partnership (PPP)

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Impact Chain – Solid Waste Management

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Weak links in Waste Value Chain

a) Collection systems for different kind of waste (organic, recyclable, hazardous and general garbage)

Infrastructure, skill development, awareness building

b) Development of markets for recyclable materials• Organization of waste pickers and collection centers• Support of private SME• Regional exchange of information and know-how

g) Solutions for organic waste (composting, biogas)Knowledge transfer, infrastructure, skill development

=> Mitigation of Climate Change

d) Treatment of hazardous waste (e-waste, batteries, etc.) Knowledge transfer, infrastructure, skill development

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention!!