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Often, we forget that we build systems the way the BA, the Systems Architect and the Developer interpret the requirements and not the way that users might envision the system. This means that what we build might not actually be what users want or actually need to help them get their work done.This presentation looks at user-centred design as a way of shifting the focus back toward the user in order to achieve the sweet spot between the business requirements and the user-requirements. It suggests that this process needs to start early, as part of the planning, rather than being left til too late in the process.
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User-Centred Design & Prototyping
Matthew HodgsonRegional-lead, Web and Information Management
4 Nov 2007
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Systems design
What the user actually needed
As finally implemented
As produced by the
developers
As envisaged by the
business owner
As specified in the requirements
As designed by the
senior analyst
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Systems development lifecycle
DevelopmentDesignAnalysis
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Squeezing out the design-phase
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Developers as designers
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The high cost of redevelopment
CO
ST IN
CR
EASE
OperationTestingSystems
DevelopmentSystemsDesign
Business Analysis
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How do we capture the intent of the system?
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User-centred design
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What is user-centred design?
Engages users:From the beginning to the end of a project
Understands:How users want to use the systemHow users think about their work
Identifies:Needs and wants Interaction preferences
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Jessee James Garrett: www.jjg.net/ia
Users’ Needs
BusinessGoalsStrategy
User-centred design frameworks
Users’ Needs
BusinessGoalsStrategy
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How do we do user-centred design?
A look at how other disciplines employ this philosophy…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3mAHQuBqQI
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Prototyping thru storyboarding
Movie-makers use storyboarding to:
Plan the movie as early as possiblePut themselves into the shoes of the
audienceMake the movie better for the audienceConceive of the movie early Identify flaws in the plotWork out difficult conceptsSave time and money
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BAs using storyboarding
Helps us understand: User’s wants and needsUser-interaction preferences
Clarify:Business processes
Identify:Flaws in business & system logicPoints for system support
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BAs using storyboarding (cont.)
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Storyboarding (cont.)
Benefits: Light-weight – use at a minutes notice Low cost – just grab pen & paper User buy-in for change management Gets users involved Sets users’ expectations Increases users’ understanding of the system
Disadvantages: Need to be able draw to convey the concept
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Iterative prototyping Take your storyboards to the next level Conceive of a system before implementation!
Involves: Engaging users again, and again and again Refining concepts until they’re bullet-proof
Includes: Interaction design Navigation design Information design
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Case study
‘Previz’ as an example of iterative prototyping http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMgoIwA_oQM
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Evolution through iteration with usersAustralian Government branding
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What does iterative prototyping involve?
Emphasise: User involvement – they’re the ones going to use
the system!
Improve: Design concepts
Refine: User interactions Information design Navigation model
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Why use iterative prototyping?Benefits Involves users – sets expectations, increases understanding Conceptual or detailed Communicates the intent of the system to the developers Find problems in system interactions early Solve information architecture problems early Cheaper than building the system
Disadvantages Need good software – Axure (www.axure.com) Prototyping is more than just ‘screens’ – you might need a UX-
designer or an IA to help with the tricky bits
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Conceptual Design
SystemsDevelopment
SystemsDesign
Analysis
Do conceptual design sooner rather than later!
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User-centred design – finding the sweet spot
What the user actually needed
As finally implemented
As produced by the
programmers
As envisaged by the business
owner
As specified in the project
request
As designed by the senior
analyst
THE SWEET SPOT
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Fin
Questions?
Blog: magia3e.wordpress.com
Slideshare: www.slideshare.net/magia3e
E: [email protected]: www.smsmt.com
![[2015/2016] User-centred design](https://img.pdfslide.us/doc/110x75/58efafb91a28abf42a8b462b/20152016-user-centred-design.jpg)
