Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

UMTS

Digital Cellular Technology

Amit Mahajan

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

UMTSUMTS

The Digital Cellular The Digital Cellular TechnologyTechnology

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Global System For Mobile Global System For Mobile CommunicationCommunication

More Than 110 Million SubscribersMore Than 110 Million Subscribers More Than 200 CountriesMore Than 200 Countries Combination Of TDMA & FDMACombination Of TDMA & FDMA Current Data Rate 9.6kbpsCurrent Data Rate 9.6kbps By 2000 2 MbpsBy 2000 2 Mbps By 2010 200 Mbps By 2010 200 Mbps

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

What Is GSM ???What Is GSM ???

Digital Cellular Radio Network Digital Cellular Radio Network Data ,Fax, e-mails, Internet, S.M.SData ,Fax, e-mails, Internet, S.M.S Uses R.F.Uses R.F. 3 Frequency Ranges 3 Frequency Ranges

900,1800,1900 MHz.900,1800,1900 MHz. WirelessWireless Roaming Facility (one phone #)Roaming Facility (one phone #)

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

When & Why it Started ??When & Why it Started ??

1982 Group Special Mobile1982 Group Special Mobile 1989 ETSI1989 ETSI Phase 1 1990Phase 1 1990 Commercial Launch Mid 1991Commercial Launch Mid 1991 CompatibilityCompatibility Limited MarketLimited Market Economies Of ScaleEconomies Of Scale

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Evolution Of GSMEvolution Of GSMPhase 1Phase 1

Features:Features:

Call forwardingCall forwarding

Call Barring ( incoming & outgoing)Call Barring ( incoming & outgoing)

Global Roaming Global Roaming

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Phase 2Phase 2

Features:Features: SMSSMS Multi party callingMulti party calling Call holding, Cell BroadcastingCall holding, Cell Broadcasting Call waiting, Calling party identityCall waiting, Calling party identity Advise of chargeAdvise of charge Data servicesData services Fax servicesFax services

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Phase 2 +Phase 2 +

Features:Features:

Available in 1998Available in 1998 Packet Switching at 64Kbps Packet Switching at 64Kbps SIM enhancementsSIM enhancements OMCR upgradationOMCR upgradation OMCS upgradationOMCS upgradation

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Terminologies in GSM N/WTerminologies in GSM N/W

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

MSMS

SIMSIM BTSBTS

BTSBTS

BSCBSC

BSCBSC

MSCMSC

HLRHLR VLRVLR

EIREIR AUCAUC

PSTNPSTN

MobileMobileStationStation Base Station SubsystemBase Station Subsystem Network SubsystemNetwork Subsystem

Architecture

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

TerminologiesTerminologies

MS ( Mobile Handset)MS ( Mobile Handset) BTS (Base Transreceiver Station)BTS (Base Transreceiver Station) BSC (Base Station Controller)BSC (Base Station Controller) MSC (Mobile Switching Center)MSC (Mobile Switching Center) EIR (Equipment Identity Register)EIR (Equipment Identity Register) HLR (Home Location Register)HLR (Home Location Register) VLR (Visitor Location Register) VLR (Visitor Location Register)

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Mobile StationMobile Station

MS ( Mobile Handset)MS ( Mobile Handset)

SIM (Subsciber Identity Module) SIM (Subsciber Identity Module) IMSIIMSI (Country code+N/W code+Sub. (Country code+N/W code+Sub.

No.)No.) TMSITMSI IMEIIMEI

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Mobile StationMobile Station

MS ( Mobile Handset)MS ( Mobile Handset)

SIM (Subsciber Identity Module) SIM (Subsciber Identity Module)

BatteryBattery

Antenna Antenna

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

S I M CardS I M Card

Subscriber Identity Module

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Mobile StationMobile Station

IMEI: IMEI:

International Mobile Equipment International Mobile Equipment IdentityIdentity

Unique NumberUnique Number

15 digits ( TAC, FAC) 15 digits ( TAC, FAC)

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Mobile Call Set UPMobile Call Set UP

Power onPower on BCCH,RACH,SDCCH,PCH,AGCH,TCHBCCH,RACH,SDCCH,PCH,AGCH,TCH AuthenticationAuthentication Channel allocationChannel allocation Ciphering modeCiphering mode FACCH, SACCH for HandoffsFACCH, SACCH for Handoffs

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Base Station SubsystemBase Station Subsystem

BTS BTS CellsCells MS communicates with BTSMS communicates with BTS Power controlPower control SectorsSectors Different Antenna types & Different Antenna types &

orientationsorientations BCCH, NBCCH, Channel AllocationBCCH, NBCCH, Channel Allocation

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

BTSBTS

Base Transreceive Station

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

What’s Inside BTS???What’s Inside BTS???

Base Transreceive Station

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Microcell CityMicrocell City

Future BTS

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Base Station SubsystemBase Station Subsystem

BSC BSC 10-40 BTS connected to BSC10-40 BTS connected to BSC Frequency HoppingFrequency Hopping Handovers Handovers Inter or Intra BTSInter or Intra BTS Inter or Intra BSCInter or Intra BSC Inter or Intra MSCInter or Intra MSC

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Network SubsystemNetwork Subsystem

MSC ( Heart Of GSM ) MSC ( Heart Of GSM ) HLRHLR VLRVLR AUCAUC EIREIR BSC connected to MSCBSC connected to MSC Call routingCall routing

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Email, Fax GSM PhoneEmail, Fax GSM Phone

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Coverage & PowerCoverage & Power

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Coverage & PowerCoverage & Power

35 Kms35 Kms Scenarios:Scenarios: UrbanUrban SemiurbanSemiurban RuralRural 20 Watt, 8 Watt, 2 Watt, 5 Watt20 Watt, 8 Watt, 2 Watt, 5 Watt InterferenceInterference

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Coverage In USACoverage In USA

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

60 deg.60 deg. 180 deg.180 deg.

300 deg.300 deg.

Sectored BTSSectored BTS

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Frequency PlanningFrequency Planning

Available channelsAvailable channels Coverage objectivesCoverage objectives Exclusive ChannelsExclusive Channels Frequency Reuse:Frequency Reuse: 4 Cell reuse4 Cell reuse 7 Cell reuse7 Cell reuse One, Two or Three sector siteOne, Two or Three sector site

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Different Cells & Different Cells & RepeatersRepeaters

Micro cellsMicro cells Pico cellsPico cells Indoor repeatersIndoor repeaters Outdoor repeatersOutdoor repeaters

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Types Of RepeatersTypes Of Repeaters

Channel Select:Channel Select: 2 Watt (33dbm)2 Watt (33dbm) Bandselect:Bandselect: 200mwatt (23dbm)200mwatt (23dbm) Low power repeater:Low power repeater: 2 mwatt (13dbm) 2 mwatt (13dbm)

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Comparison of 3 Digital Comparison of 3 Digital TechnologiesTechnologies

GSM: TDMAGSM: TDMA 100 million Subscriber 100 million Subscriber 900 Mhz, 1.8Ghz, 1.9 Ghz900 Mhz, 1.8Ghz, 1.9 Ghz Channel B/W 200 KhzChannel B/W 200 Khz Good voice qualityGood voice quality Data rate 9.6 Kbps till 1997/98Data rate 9.6 Kbps till 1997/98 Currently 38.4Kbps,115Kbps by Currently 38.4Kbps,115Kbps by

2000 2000

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Comparison of 3 Digital Comparison of 3 Digital TechnologiesTechnologies

CDMA:CDMA: 3 Million Subscriber(1997)3 Million Subscriber(1997) 800 Mhz, 1.9 Ghz800 Mhz, 1.9 Ghz Channel Bandwidth 1250 KhzChannel Bandwidth 1250 Khz Very high voice qualityVery high voice quality Data rate 9.6 Kbps - 14.4 KbpsData rate 9.6 Kbps - 14.4 Kbps Roaming Limited, Strong potentialRoaming Limited, Strong potential

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Comparison of 3 Digital Comparison of 3 Digital TechnologiesTechnologies

D-AMPS:D-AMPS:

4 million Subscriber(1997) 4 million Subscriber(1997) 800 Mhz , 1.8Ghz800 Mhz , 1.8Ghz Channel B/W 300 KhzChannel B/W 300 Khz Acceptable voice qualityAcceptable voice quality Data rate 9.6 Kbps in 1998Data rate 9.6 Kbps in 1998

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Comparison of GSM & PCSComparison of GSM & PCS

GSM:GSM: 1) 900 Mhz, 1800 Mhz1) 900 Mhz, 1800 Mhz 2) 2)

Europe,Asia,France,Germany,UKEurope,Asia,France,Germany,UK PCS(Personal Communication PCS(Personal Communication

Services)Services) 1) 1900 Mhz1) 1900 Mhz 2) USA, Canada 2) USA, Canada

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Future GSMFuture GSM

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Third Generation GSMThird Generation GSM

UMTSUMTS W-CDMA + Hybrid TD-CDMAW-CDMA + Hybrid TD-CDMA Phase 1Phase 1 2 Mbps ( 2002/2003)2 Mbps ( 2002/2003) Phase 2Phase 2 100 Mbps (2010)100 Mbps (2010) Frequency range: 2 Ghz Frequency range: 2 Ghz

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Dual-band & tri-Band Dual-band & tri-Band phonesphones

Dual - band:Dual - band: Both in 900-1800 Mhz n/w of Both in 900-1800 Mhz n/w of

EuropeEurope Also in 900-1900 Mhz n/w in USAAlso in 900-1900 Mhz n/w in USA Ericsson, Motorola, Siemens Ericsson, Motorola, Siemens Tri-band:Tri-band: All the three bandsAll the three bands TDMA - CDMA compatible phones TDMA - CDMA compatible phones

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Satellite phonesSatellite phones

IrridiumIrridium

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Packet SwitchedPacket Switched

3rd generation networks3rd generation networks

Channel occupancyChannel occupancy

Channel utilizationChannel utilization

Frame relay Frame relay

Apr 13, 2023Apr 13, 2023

Thank You !!!Thank You !!!

Amit Mahajan

Sharmila Pradhan