TRANSPORT

OF

MATERIALS

Contents

CellsStructure of

cell membrane

Cell membrane

Transport of

materialsTypes of cellular

transport

Types of active

transport

Types of passive

transport

Cells

All organism are composed of cells or cell fragments that are the basic units of structure and function

All cells are produced fom other cells

Cell is the basic unit of life

Structure of Cell Membrane

Cell Membrane

It is mainly composed of two layers of phospholipidIt separates the outside and inside of the cell.It is semipermeable.It is like a fine oilIt use for transporting materials into and out if the cell.

Transport of Materials

Transport- is the movement of materials in biological systems, particularly into and out of cells and across epithelial layers or the movement of materials throughout an organism.

Transport of Materials

T

YPES OF

CELLULAR

TRANSPORT

Movement of materials across the cell membrane requires the expenditure of cellular energy. It involves the movement against a concentration gradient. Low concentration to high concentration.

In active transport cell expand energy use permeases called pumps to move particles from a region.

__Active Transport___

Active Transport________

No cellular energy is used to move substances into or out of the cell. These process move materials across cell membrane without the expenditure of cellular energy.

Passage across the membrane is due to their random motion from a region of greater to lesser concentration.

____Passive Transport____

_____Passive Transport______

Types of

Active

Transport

Endocytosis- is a process in which a cell

uses energy to surround and take in large particles. In endocytosis a substance does not pass through the bilayer instead, it is engulfed and enclosed by a portion of a membrane and cytoplasm.

Endocytosis-

Endocytosis

Excocytosis

Movement of materials out of the cell by the reverse of endocytosis. In this case a vacuole carrying materials within the cell fuses to the inside surface of the cell membrane.

Process is used to rid some cells of wastes or to expel useful substances needed elsewhere. The substances, enclosed in a vesicle move toward the cell membrane.

Exocytosis

TYPES OF

PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

___DIFFUSION____

Random motion of particle, results in the net movement of particles from a region of greater to lesser concentration.

Diffusion results in the spreading out of particles.

Diffusion

____Facilitated Diffusion_____

Use of proteins to add the passage of particles from a region of greater to lesser concentration.

allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special transport protein.

Facilitated diffusion

_______Osmosis______

Movement of water into and out of cells.

Is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane water can pass in either direction across the membrane.

Osmosis

_______Hypertonic______

(HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTES THAN CELL)

CONTAINS A HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES THAN THE CELL.

_______Hypotonic______

(lower concentration of solutes than cell)

Contains a lower concentration of dissolved substances than the cell. The concentration of water molecules is higher in hypotonic solution than it is in the cell.

_______Istonic______

(same concentration of solutes as cell)

One that has the same concentration of dissolved substances as the living cell and in an istonic solution

______Phagocytosis______

Solid particles are ingested into a cell.

Phagocytosis

______Pinocytosis______

Taking in of liquid droplets or very small particles the substance to be taken in first collects on the outer surface of the membrane.

Pinocytosis

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