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Consists of 3 cell layers
ArteryCarries blood
away from the heart
Inner Layer Middle Layer External Layer
Mostly composed of muscle tissue
Smooth, allows blood that comes through it to flow
more freelyConsists of flexible connective tissue
Contains blood under high
pressureHave small
passageways for blood to flow
through
Lumen
Vein
Carries blood to
the heart
Thin walls
Prevents back flow of blood
Valves
Causes contractions of the beating heart
Creating the correct blood flow into the
arteries
Contains blood under low pressure
Transports waste-rich blood
capillaries
Gas exchange
occurs here
Microscopic1 cell thick
Has only 1 layer
Very low blood
pressureFound in the muscles and
lungs
Function of bloodCarries oxygen from the lungs nutrients from the digestive tract to the body’s cells
Carries nutrients from the digestive tract to the body’s cells
Also carries away carbon dioxide and all of the waste products that the body does not need
Helps keep your body at the right temperature
Carries hormones to the body’s cells
Sends antibodies to fight infection
Contains clotting factors to help the blood to clot and the body’s tissues to heal
Relate the components of blood to their functions:
-Plasma
Fluid part of blood
Carries carbon dioxide, hormones and waste
Yellowish liquid that is 90% water
Contains salts, glucose and proteins that carry important nutrients to the body’s cells and strengthen the body’s immune system so it can fight off infection.
-Platelets
Clump together to form clots
Protect the body by stopping bleeding
Clotting stops blood from flowing out of the body when a
vein or artery is broken.
Relate the components of blood to their functions:
Red blood cells
Contains haemoglobin which carries oxygen
Made in the bone marrow. The more you train the
more red blood cells are made.
each have a life span of about 120 days.
White blood cells
An important part of the immune system, they
produce antibodies and destroy harmful microorganisms
Made in the bone marrow
Most healthy adults have about 700 times as many red blood cells as white
ones