Thinking Strategically about Cloud Computing

A Practical Look at Architectural Challenges and Opportunities in the Cloud

Anna LiuManager – Emerging TechnologiesMicrosoft Australia

Code: How?Architecture: What/When?

Business: Why?

1 gallon of fuel -> ¼ ton of ‘freight’ ; 20 miles 1 gallon of fuel -> 1 ton of freight ; 436 miles

Economy of ScaleLow High

ControlHigh Low

butCan mostly go from A to BLeaves 2x day at 9.12am and 11.14pm

butCan goes anywhere there is a roadReady to go anytime


ControlHigh Low

Build vs. Buy


ControlHigh Low

On premises vs. in the cloud

Application runs on-premises

Buy my own hardware, and

manage my own data center

Application runs on-premises

Buy my own hardware, and

manage my own data center

Application runs at a hoster

Co-locationor

Managed servers

Application runs at a hoster

Co-locationor

Managed servers

Application runs using cloud

services

“cloud fabric”(elastic,

infini-scale)

Application runs using cloud

services

“cloud fabric”(elastic,

infini-scale)


ControlHigh Low

“Packaged”Application

An application that I buy “off the

shelf” and run myself




Self Hosted “Home Built”

An application that I develop and

run myself

Self Hosted “Home Built”

An application that I develop and

run myself

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy

Hosted “Home Built”

An application that I develop

myself, but run at a hoster




Hosted “Packaged”


shelf” and then run at a hoster




Cloud Platform


myself, but run in the cloud

Cloud Platform



“Software as a Service”

A hosted application that

I buy from a vendor



I buy from a vendor

On premises vs. CloudOn premises Cloud







Cloud Platform



Cloud Platform















“Home Built”Application

An application that I develop and run myself


An application that I develop and run myself

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy


Maximum Economy of Scale

All acceptable options (trade off)

Maximum Control



I buy from a vendor



I buy from a vendor

“Packaged”Application“Packaged”Application









Cloud PlatformCloud Platform

Clinical TrialClinical Trial

Molecule ResearchMolecule Research

HR SystemHR System

EmailEmail

Issue TrackingIssue Tracking

ERPERP

“Too costly to run this myself, but I’ve made too many customizations”

“Too costly to run this myself, but I’ve made too many customizations”

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy














HR SystemHR System

EmailEmail


ERPERP

“CRM and Email are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for someone else to run these”

“CRM and Email are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for someone else to run these”

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy







ERPERP








HR SystemHR System

EmailEmail


“I can’t afford to maintain this old HR application written in VB – it’s driving me mad!”

“I can’t afford to maintain this old HR application written in VB – it’s driving me mad!”

“…but due to privacy issues, I prefer keeping my HR data on-premises”

“…but due to privacy issues, I prefer keeping my HR data on-premises”

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy






ERPERP









EmailEmail


HR SystemHR System

“I wish I had access to cheaper compute and storage when I need it”

“I wish I had access to cheaper compute and storage when I need it”

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy






ERPERP









EmailEmail


HR SystemHR System

“THIS is where I want to spend my IT resources – I’m going to double down on this application!”

“THIS is where I want to spend my IT resources – I’m going to double down on this application!”

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy






ERPERP









EmailEmail


HR SystemHR System

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy






ERPERP









EmailEmail


HR SystemHR System

Build

vs.

Buy

Build

Buy


“Run On Premises”Control SLA of Applications





ERPERP









EmailEmail


HR SystemHR System“Home Built”

Control Features of Applications






HR SystemHR System

EmailEmail

CRMCRM

ERPERP




Cloud Platform

“Crossing corporate boundaries!”“Crossing corporate boundaries!”

Identity Challenges

Access ControlAuthN, SSO, AuthZ

Identity LifecycleIdentity PortabilityInteroperability

Identity Solution

Federated IDClaim based Access Control

accesscontrol.windows.netGeneva FxGeneva ServerCardspace

Monitoring and Management Challenges

SLA MonitoringHalting/Pausing/Throttling…Trigger action

e.g. Backup

Management Solution

Programmatic access to Health ModelSynthetic TxManagement APIsFirewall friendly protocols

SCOMMMCPowershell

Application Integration

UI IntegrationProcess IntegrationData Integration

servicebus.windows.netOsloSSSAzure StorageSynch framework

offered

“as a service”“on premises”

Cloud as a deployment option

Cloud as a deployment option

powered by…

server “cloud fabric”

Cloud as an underlying platform

Cloud as an underlying platform





Customer Choice



Platform Choice



Platform Choice

“powered by servers”

“powered by cloud”

1

+

Economy of Scale:Reduce CAPEXPay as you go

Capacity PlanningElastic

“Infiniscale”

Control:“Own” the SLA“Own” the data

“Own” compliance

ServerServer ‘Hosted Server’‘Hosted Server’ Cloud FabricCloud Fabric

Two ‘instantiations’ of the cloud

•Hosted version of what you have been using so far•Requires few changes if any to what you know and do

•New capabilities•New cost structure•Requires embracing a specific app model

Windows ServerWindows Server ‘Hosted Server’‘Hosted Server’ Compute FabricCompute Fabric

SQL ServerSQL Server ‘Hosted SQL Server’

‘Hosted SQL Server’ Storage FabricStorage Fabric

…… …… ……

•What you have been using so far

… … …

Not a replacementAsk yourself: what ‘tool’ do I

need?

Thread A

ThreadB

SharedCount

Count++

GetCount()10

? 13?Exception?

10

GetCount()11

GetCount()

12

13Count++

GetCount()12

11Count++ 11

Count++12

12

Thread A

ThreadB

SharedCount

[Begin Tx] GetCount() 1212

GetCount()

13Count++

14

13

Count++

[Commit Tx] wait until lock is released

Thread A

ThreadB

SharedCount

[Begin Tx] GetCount()

Count++

12

13wait until lock released

12GetCount()

Count++

13

14

[Commit Tx]

PRO: ConsistencyCON: Availability (wait on lock)

Thread A

ThreadB

SharedCount

GetCount()1212

GetCount()

12

Q.PutMsg(“add”)

13

GetCount()

Count++

1213

Q.PutMsg(“add”)

QueueQueueWorkerWorker

Q.GetMsg()

GetCount()

Count++

1314

14

Q.GetMsg()

InternetInternet

StorageStorageTablesTables

LBLB

BlobsBlobs

Worker ServiceWorker Service



Web Site(ASPX, ASMX, WCF)

Web Site(ASPX, ASMX, WCF)Web Site

(ASPX, ASMX, WCF)Web Site

(ASPX, ASMX, WCF)Web Site(ASPX, WCF)

Web Site(ASPX, WCF)

QueueQueue

Windows Azure Datacenter



Customer Choice

The “Cloud”The “Cloud”

employees

Clinical trialsoftware

Firewall

Big Pharma “on premise”

Management

IT

DirectorySTS

supercloudysoftware.com

SDS

Azure

Windows Azure

accesscontrol(Identity)

STS

SDS

Windows Azure

Windows Azure


employees


Firewall

Big Pharma “on premises”

Management

IT

DirectorySTS

accesscontrol(Identity)

STS

Employees access software using the same identity

(leverage existing AuthN/AuthZ policies) through

accesscontrol.windows.net

New Molecule Research goes to the cloud

-Elastic compute-“Infini-store”


employees


Clinical trial patients

Firewall

Big Pharma “on premise”

Management

IT

DirectorySTS

Windows Azure

InternetService Bus

(Connectivity)

InternetService Bus(Identity)

STSRelay


employees



Firewall

ME “on premises”

Cloud StorageSTSRelay Cloud Compute

Management

IT

Directory

Windows Azure

cloudysoftware.com

Hosted ERP @ Hoster

STS

The “Cloud”

employees


(big pharma data in purple)


Firewall

InternetService Bus

(Connectivity)

ME “on premises”

Cloud Storage

(new molecule research in purple)

InternetService Bus(Identity)

STSRelay Cloud Compute

Management

IT

Directory

Windows Strata

cloudysoftware.com

Hosted ERP @ Hoster

STS

Everybody has a relationship with “the cloud”

•Similar to utility companies that: •produce average load•buy/sell variance from average load”

time

Watt

Internal productionActual consumption

Buy Power from Grid

Sell Power to Grid

Consistency Availability

tolerance to networkPartition

Dr. Eric A. Brewer, UC Berkeley

Enterprises ISVs

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