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RFID test technology and network of excellence
Dr. Qiang GuanInstitute of Automation, CAS
[email protected]. 27, 2006, Shanghai
Outlines
• Background• Testing Technology
– Architecture– Approach– Accomplishment
• Future Works
Background
• RFID: Booming in China, Large potentials• Chain： R&D←→Testing
←→Apllication• Special interests for China
– Standards: under established– Products: diversity, conform to different
overseas standards – End users: confused with RFID solutions– Other issues: frequency, environment
Testing Center @CASIA
• Supported by MOST and “ 863” Hi-Tech Program of China
• Objectives– establish test platform and testing solutions
oriented to enterprise applications– help to work out RFID technology standards,
application standards and test architecture at certain level with self intellectual property right
• Research– Systematic level testing for RFID technology
Testing Technology
• Architecture• Approach• Accomplishment
Performance Test Conformance Test Security Test
Network transmission
Wireless transmission
Integrated solution testing
Benchmark
testing
Air Interfaceconformance
RFID Testing Tech.
Protocolconformance
Architecture
• Performance Testing– Benchmark testing for device
• End users: specification for performance evaluation• Device manufacturers: consultation for performance
parameters design• Test items: speed, orientation, read range, read rate,
number of tags etc.
– Integrated solution testing• System Quality of Service: Network Performance• Technique: Virtual Terminal (device) , Load capability,
Performance monitoring
Architecture
• Conformance Testing– Air interface conformance test
• Basis for RF Communication• Frequency feature: 125KHz~134KHz, 13.56 MHz,
2.45GHz, 860~960 MHz and 433MHz(active)
– Protocol conformance test• Multiply standards: EPC, ISO/IEC, UID• Matching validation• “Recording”: Spectrum Analyzer, ProgrammableSignal Generator,
Architecture
• Security Testing– Wireless Transmission
• Tag-reader communication• Potential adversaries: cloning, intrusion, eavesdropping• Small-signal analysis: feedback signal acquisition
– Network Transmission• Reader-middleware-applications• General network security problem: intrusion, data
security. DoD• Self features: huge and intensive flow, disparity in server
load• Combining classical NS testing techniques with the
simulation of RFID information flow
Approach
• Benchmark testing (e.g. read rate)– Deploy testing scenario– Record environmental parameters– Test read rate at different positions– Analysis test results
Testing computer
Environmental sensor
RFID device
Testing antenna
Testing apparatus
Approach
• Integrated solution testing ( field testing )– Application field: complex EM condition– Many factors: media, material, magnet,
speed, distance– Main targets: read probabilities of readers,
reliabilities of tags
Testing apparatus
computer
RFID devices
Electromagnetic Interference Sources
Application field
media
Approach
• Integrated solution testing (auto mode)– Large-scale system– Under developed– Virtual test:
• virtual terminal: replace RFID devices• virtual script: configuration
– Objective: system service performance
Approach
• Testing Procedure– System analysis– Define virtual script– Config service environment– Establish service test scenario– Adjust simulation factors– Load solution and monitor performance– Analysis test results, improve and redo test
Approach
• Conformance testing– Spectrum analysis– Code format
Criteria for code conformance testing
Time domain Frequency
domain
Central frequency , bandwidth
Approach
• Wireless transmission security testing– Detection of signal leakage: deploying
assignment, field strength measurement– Adversary interference: circuit interrupt
performance (reader)– Unauthorized wireless access: filter
mechanism of middleware, anti-cloning (tag)– Attack of Trojans: MAC address (reader),
dynamic reader authentication
Accomplishment
• Two “ 863” Hi-Tech Programs• Reader and tag test report• System test report
Future works
• Automated integrated solution testing– Modeling– Platform
• Performance evaluation– Deployment plan: reader networks– System architecture: QoS
• Open testing integrated platform• Other tech. related to RFID testing
