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Some observations regarding the
digital future of freight transportation
Per Olof Arnäs, PhD
Chalmers University of Technology Service Management and Logistics
[email protected] about.me/perolofarnas
Slides: slideshare.net/poar @Dr_PO
OKIMG_5751 by taymtaym on Flickr (CC-BY)
Doing some Sisyphus work by Kalexanderson on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)
5 GLOBAL TRENDS
Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)
Crowd by James Cridland on Flickr (CC-BY)
Megatrend #1
Demographic and social
change
Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)
Four Storms And A Twister by JD Hancock on Flickr (CC-BY)
Megatrend #2
Shift in economic
powerSource: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)
Boston Downtown at Night by Werner Kunz on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Megatrend #3
Rapid urbanisation
Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)
¡Rayos! by José Eugenio Gómez Rodríguez on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Megatrend #4
Climate change and
resource scarcity
Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)
Megatrend #5
Technological breakthroughs
Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)
Demographic and social
change
Shift in economic
power
Rapid urbanisation
Technological breakthroughsClimate
change and resource scarcity
5 GLOBAL TRENDS
Things are happening outside the freight industry
(and have been for some time)
Things are happening outside the freight industry
(and have been for some time)
1957
Things are happening outside the freight industry
(and have been for some time)
Image: Richard Hancock, twitter.com/CanaryWorf
2015
Gartners Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies
Source: Gartner July 2016
Could affect transportation and logistics
Mob
ile W
orld
Con
gres
s 201
6 by
Kār
lis D
ambrān
s on
Flic
kr (C
C-BY
)
Increased use of digital technology
Digitalization:
Make analogue information digital
Digitization:
Both are important! (and interesting)
http://www.dhl.com/en/about_us/logistics_insights/dhl_trend_research/trendradar.html
Several of these trends require digital development
Integration of digital and physical worlds
http://www.sygic.com/gps-navigation/addon/head-up-display
Say hi to the new sensors
http://mobsentech.com
”New” modes of transport
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50sv4M4rgBMhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HG76DcXySuw
More automation
The sharing economy hits freight transport (again and again…)
Servitization
Move up in the value chain
Upgrade drop points
Consumer services
Expose data
Mall of Scandinavia
http://www.smartcompany.com.au/growth/innovation/41765-online-retailer-offers-a-courier-that-waits-at-your-door-fashion-advice-not-included.html
https://www.amazon.com/dashbutton
https://www.shyp.com
The Action of New York City by Trey Ratcliff on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Real-time (data driven) decision making
Data collection Data processingData exploitation
http://mindconnect.se/http://waze.com
https://mydrive.tomtom.com/
Smart access/guidance control
Smart access/guidance control
Smart access/guidance control
Smart access/guidance control
3 mountaintops to climb…
3 data types
Mountaintop #1 Collection of data in real-time
Fixed Historical Snapshot
Mountaintop #1 Collection of data in real-time
5 data domainsVehicle CargoDriver Company
Infrastructure/ facility
at leas
t…
LengthWeightWidthHeight
Capacity+ other PBS-criteria
EmissionsFuel consumption
Route
PositionSpeed
Direction
WeightOrigin
Destination Accepted ETA
Temperature+ other state variables
Temperature + other state variables
Education/training
Speed (ISA)Rest/break schedule
Traffic behaviour Belt usage
Alco lock history
Schedule status (time to next break etc.)
Contracts/ agreements
Previous interactions Backoffice support
Fixed Historical Snapshot
Vehicle
Cargo
Driver
Company
Infrastructure/facility
Map + fixed data layers
Traffic historyCurrent traffic
Queue Availability
DATA MATRIX
Mountaintop #2 Processing of data in real-time
Mountaintop #3 Exploiting data in real-time
CASES (MANY)
CASES (MANY MORE)
Bitcoin, bitcoin coin, physical bitcoin, bitcoin photo by Antana on Flickr (CC-BY,SA)
Block chain technology
Records transactions and data among actors that do not trust each other
Fully decentralized
Actors that do not trust each other
= your typical supply chain
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/
August 7, 2015
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/
August 7, 2015October 15, 2015
Wave (wavebl.com) Electronic Bill of Lading
Stored in a blockchain
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/
August 7, 2015October 15, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/
October 31, 2015October 31, 2015
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/
August 7, 2015October 15, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/
October 31, 2015October 31, 2015
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/shipping-giant-maersk-tests-blockchain-powered-bills-lading-1585929
October 12, 2016
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/
August 7, 2015October 15, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/
October 31, 2015October 31, 2015
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/shipping-giant-maersk-tests-blockchain-powered-bills-lading-1585929
October 12, 2016
http://www.coindesk.com/europe-biggest-port-blockchain-logistics/
November 29, 2016
http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/
May 31, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/
August 7, 2015October 15, 2015
https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/
October 31, 2015October 31, 2015
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/shipping-giant-maersk-tests-blockchain-powered-bills-lading-1585929
October 12, 2016
http://www.coindesk.com/europe-biggest-port-blockchain-logistics/
November 29, 2016March 5, 2017
Oct 2015
Oct 2016Mar 2017
Oct 2013Apr 2012 Oct 2015
Oct 2016
Mar 2017”Blockchain””Blockchain
supply chain”
Just 18 months!
So…
What are we doing about it then?!
Architecture for EurOpean Logistics Information eXchange
Budget: 16 M€ from the Commission 36 months, Sep 2016 - Aug 2019
This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 690797
Develop necessary interfaces for an integrated syncromodal freight transport system.
Deploy C-ITS services for freight and logistics by specifying, using and fostering interoperable and complementary communications technologies.
Promote the potential of new innovative trends such as big data, Internet of Things and automation for Freight and Logistics
Develop user awareness and promote the use and benefits of ITS and their associated monetary benefits (business models) to logistics stakeholders
1
2
3
4
innovation areasInter-
operability Technical Legal Business Communities
Interfaces with any logistics information
systems
Distributed open system through
configurable plugin APIs
Data access, privacy
identification, authentication
Enable low-complexity and
low-cost connectivity
Open to all stakeholders
across modes, within and
across related supply chains
Support continued
development of standardized
formats
Demand driven from users rather than
supply driven
Secure, Resilient and
Trusted environment procedures
Business models and
public-privater governance
Towards a Single European Transport Area
Dr Per Olof Arnäs Associate professor Dan Andersson
Associate professor Gunnar Stefansson
Professor Stig Franzén
Professor MariAnne Karlsson
Per Wide. MSc Doctoral student
Postdoctoral researcher under recruitment Postdoctoral researcher
under recruitment
Service Management and Logistics Design & Human Factors
The team at Chalmers
Linda de Vries. Lic Eng Doctoral student
Engagement
1. Co-creation 2. Active user involvement 3. Real-life setting 4. Multi-stakeholder participation 5. Multi-method approach
Living labs
http://openlivinglabs.eu
•Thessaloniki-Balkans ¢ralEuropeviarail/road•Gothenburg-Hamburg,Bratislavaloadcontrolcentre,TriestetothreeTEN-Tcorridors(Scandinavian-Mediterranean,Mediterranean,Baltic-Adriatic)
•UrbanBordeaux&AtlanticCorridor•UK- ContinentalEU- China logistics• Bucharest-Vienna:Inlandwaterway
Multi/syncromodalTransport
• Seaports:Hamburg,Gothenburg,Bordeaux,Trieste•Railwayhubs:Hamburg,TriesteNorthamptonshire• Inlandwaterway(barge)terminals:BucharestVienna
• Cities:Bordeaux,Gothenburg•Virtualfreightcentres:Thessaloniki IndustrialArea
IntelligentHubs
•Thewholelogistics network,incl.ports, inlandtransport(road,train,barge)inTheNetherlands,GermanyandSpain
•Allsitesthatwillcovermulti/synchromodaltransport
NetworkOptimisation
Consortium
Standardisation Bodies: CEN, ETSI, GS1
Networks : ITS Germany, TTS Italy, ITS UK, ITS HELLAS, ITS Germany, ITS Sweden, CLECAT, Wolfsburg, Cluster Canario (CCTL), TLF, Logistik- och transportstiftelsen LTS
Users: a-PAK, Road Cargo Sweden, Tjörns Bilservice AB, Greenery Zuid Europa, Gecoinsa, Movelco Mobility, LTS, CABLERIAS Group, ECUS
Technological companies: XEROX, Go Swift, R-IPS, Portbase, Consenso, Kaleido Ideas & Logistics, Little Electric Car España, Exla Plásticos, Mymo Addons, Cargospace 24
Public Authorities: US/DOT, French Ministry of Transport, German Ministry of Transport, Italian Ministry of Transport, Romanian Border Police, Romanian Naval Authority (RNA), Business Region Göteborg, Hessen Traffic Management, City of Hamburg, Port of Gothenburg, Port of Vienna, Swedish Maritime Administration, Trieste Marine Terminal, Transporte Augusto, Swedish Customs, Swedish Transport Administration, VINNOVA
Research Centres and test facilities: Transport planning and research Institute (MOT) China, VIGOTEC A
sso
cia
ted
pa
rtn
ers
*Swedish
DREAMITDigitalREal-timeAccessManagementinIntermodalTransportationCollectionandprocessingofdata…
…inreal-timetoenablebetterdecisionmakingandtherebyamoresustainabletransportationsystem
Managementoftheprocesswhereactorsaregivenaccesstoresourcestoperformactivities
Example:Collectacontainerinport.Itwillbemadeavailableattherighttime,totherighthaulier,intherightconditionetc.
Intermodaltransportationsystemsareparticularlyexposedtotheeffektsofpoorlycoordinatedactors,resourcesandactivitiesinlinksandnodes.
Acostintensivebusinessasthis,withlowoperatingmarginsandlargeinvestmentlevels,needto-tobeabletocompetelong-term-exploitmoderntechnologyasmuchaspossible.
DREAMITDigitalREal-timeAccessManagementinIntermodalTransportation
Dr Per Olof Arnäs Associate professor Gunnar Stefansson
MSc Stefan Jacobsson Doctoral student
FundedbyVINNOVA2017-2020
PartnersDREAMIT
Tjörns bilservice
The future of freight transportation is digital
Are we?
Some observations regarding the
digital future of freight transportation
Per Olof Arnäs, PhD
Chalmers University of Technology Service Management and Logistics
[email protected] about.me/perolofarnas
Slides: slideshare.net/poar @Dr_PO
OKIMG_5751 by taymtaym on Flickr (CC-BY)
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