Upload
bryan-heidorn
View
652
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Panel on Digital Curation at the Special Library Association 2009 meeting
Citation preview
Societal Need for Digital Curation Specialists in the
Library SettingJune 16, 2009
Special Libraries Association
P. Bryan Heidorn
Introduction
Program Manager, Division of Biological Infrastructure, National Science Foundation
Associate Professor, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois
JRS Biodiversity Foundation, Board of Directors
Why Libraries
Libraries manage the scholarly output of society Scholars in the humanities and sciences are
generating primary and secondary data at unprecedented rates
Social investment is not only in journal publications but all scholarly knowledge
Need for specialists for information organization, access and preservation
Libraries have the institutional structure and many of the skills needed to curate data and other digital resources.
Cyberinfrastructure Vision
“The anticipated growth in both the production and repurposing of digital data raises complex issues not only of scale and heterogeneity, but also of stewardship, curation and long-term access.”
NSF Cyberinfrastructure Vision for 21st Century Discovery (2007), Chapter 3
Recognition of need for data curation
“Recommendation 6: The NSF, working in partnership with collection managers and the community at large, should act to develop and mature the career path for data scientists and to ensure that the research enterprise includes a sufficient number of high-quality data scientists.”
Long-Lived Digital Data Collections: Enabling Research and Education in the 21st Century (2005), Recommendations
Recognition of the importance of Information
Recognition of the need for education
New work roles within traditional institutions
Interagency Working Group on Digital Data
New Information Disciplines
Digital Curator: an expert knowledgeable of and with responsibility for the content of a digital collection(s)
Digital Archivist: an expert competent to appraise, acquire, authenticate, preserve, and provide access to records in digital form
Data Scientists: the information and computer scientists, database and software engineers and programmers, disciplinary experts, expert annotators, and others, who are crucial to the successful management of a digital data collection
(Long Long-Lived Digital Data Collections: Enabling Research and Education in the 21st Century, report of the National Science Board, September, 2005)
Library Skills
Where is the data now?
Not in reference collectionsVaries mandates for sharingUnsustainable models
Individual researchersBoutique databases
Most data is from small projectsBig science and independent science
Economics of the long tail
The Long Tail, By Chris Anderson. Wired Magizine.12.10, 2004. (http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.10/tail_pr.html)
NetFlix versus BlockBuster
Genbank versus Mary’s Lab
Naive View of Science Data
f(x)=axk+o(xk)
Power Law of Science Data
f(x)=axk+o(xk)| X<.20
Dat
a V
olum
e
Science Projects and Initiatives
Does NSF’s Data Follow the Power Law?
I do not know but if $1 = X bytes…..
Awarded Amount 2007
$0
$1,000,000
$2,000,000
$3,000,000
$4,000,000
$5,000,000
$6,000,000
$7,000,000
1 586 1171 1756 2341 2926 3511 4096 4681 5266 5851 6436 7021 7606 8191 8776
20-80 Rule The small are big!
Total Grants 9347
$2,137,636,716
20% 80%
Number Grants 1869 7478
Total Dollars $1,199,088,125 $938,548,595
Range $6,892,810-$350,000
$350,000-$831
Dark data is the data that we know is/was there but we can’t see it.
Hubble Space Telescope composite image "ring" of dark matter in the galaxy cluster Cl 0024+17
Related Ideas
John Porter: Deep verses Wide databases
Swanson: Undiscovered Public Knowledge
Science Commons: Big Verses Small science
Why is the tail also important
Valuable science data is in the tail Many scientists could use the tail data
•Unpublished observations of flowing time in Concord by Alfred Hosmer from 1888 to 1902•Photographs of Flowers•Blue Hill Observatory meteorological dataRichard B. Primack, Abraham J. Miller-Rushing, Daniel Primack, and Sharda Mukunda (2007). Using Photographs to Show the Effects of Climate Change on Flowing Time. Arnoldia 65(1), p2-9.
Valuable science data is in the tail Many scientists could use the tail data Science innovation occurs in the long tail Unpublished negative results / aka dark data We know very little about the tail Transformative science happens in the tail Computational thinking needed to free the tail NSF Current investments in the tail OECD Principles and Guidelines for Access to
Research Data from Public Funding
The Case of Lake Victoria Data
Lake Victoria is the largest fresh water lake in Africa
Nile Perch, Water Hyacinth, Deforestation and human waste are destroying the fishery
Hundreds of data sets have been created over 50 years
There is no access to most of that information
Barriers
Lack of professional reward structure Lack of education in data curation Intellectual property rights (IPR) Lack of technology Lack of financial reward structure Under valuation / lack of investment Cost of infrastructure creation Cost of infrastructure maintenance PDF, excel, MS word, arcview, floppy disks
Technical Solutions: Move the tail to the head (increase k)
Data standards e.g. Environmental Markup Language (EML)e.g. TaxonX - taXMLit
Metadata Darwin Core (DwC)Access to Biological Collection Data (ABCD)
ProtocolsTAPIR
Solutions
Controlled Vocabularies MeSH, ZooBank, IPNI, ITIS
Ontologies Gene Ontology (GO) Science Environment for Ecological Knowledge (SEEK) EcoGrid Leopold Semi-Automated ontology generation for
Amphibian Morphology DBI-0640053 (Semantic) web software DataNet
Institutional Solutions
Well Paid LibrariansWell-heeled MuseumsProfessional societiesGenerous PublishersLibrary director John Hanson told the
Associated Press that a couple of dozen people are cited each year for failure to return materials or pay fines. The incident cost Dalibor about $30 for the two overdue paperbacks. It cost her mother $172 to free her.
Organizational Solutions
Phase One of a Lake Victoria Biodiversity Informatics Project
DataNet (DataOne and Data Conservancy) Dryad LTER, NEON, GBIF, TDWG National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis (NCEAS) National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent) European Union Networks of Excellence (NoE) European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)
Education Programs
Biological Information Specialist
Concentration in Data Curation (MSLIS)
Certificate of Advanced Study in Data Curation
Summer Institutes in Data Curation
Information and professional education in biodiversity informatics
Biological Information SpecialistsBiological Information Specialists
• At present:
• Biologists at all degree levels self-trained in information technology
• Information technologists at all degree levels self-trained in biology • (both with gaps in knowledge for many
months, years)
• Differing roles of BIS in large and small science
• At present:
• Biologists at all degree levels self-trained in information technology
• Information technologists at all degree levels self-trained in biology • (both with gaps in knowledge for many
months, years)
• Differing roles of BIS in large and small science
Master of Science in Biological Informatics
Master of Science in Biological Informatics
Degree Program began September 2007
Part of campus-wide bioinformatics masters program
NSF/CISE/IIS, Education Research and Curriculum Development, 0534567 (Palmer, PI)
Combines Biology, Bioinformatics, Computer Science core with LIS courses
Degree Program began September 2007
Part of campus-wide bioinformatics masters program
NSF/CISE/IIS, Education Research and Curriculum Development, 0534567 (Palmer, PI)
Combines Biology, Bioinformatics, Computer Science core with LIS courses
What does a BIS need to know?What does a BIS need to know?
Biological training and interest in solving biological research problems
Information skills Evaluation and implementation of information
systems: user based assessment and continual quality improvement for the development of tools that work and are used.
Information acquisition, management, and dissemination: development of digital libraries, data archives, institutional repositories, and related tools.
Information organization and integration: ontology development, structuring information for optimal use and sharing, and standards development.
Biological training and interest in solving biological research problems
Information skills Evaluation and implementation of information
systems: user based assessment and continual quality improvement for the development of tools that work and are used.
Information acquisition, management, and dissemination: development of digital libraries, data archives, institutional repositories, and related tools.
Information organization and integration: ontology development, structuring information for optimal use and sharing, and standards development.
UIUC bioinformatics core courseworkUIUC bioinformatics core coursework
Cross-disciplinary course distribution requirement
Bioinformatics: Computing in Molecular BiologyAlgorithms in BioinformaticsPrinciples of Systematics
Computer Science: AlgorithmsDatabase Systems
Biology:Human GeneticsIntroductory BiochemistryMacromolecular Modeling
Cross-disciplinary course distribution requirement
Bioinformatics: Computing in Molecular BiologyAlgorithms in BioinformaticsPrinciples of Systematics
Computer Science: AlgorithmsDatabase Systems
Biology:Human GeneticsIntroductory BiochemistryMacromolecular Modeling
Sample of existing LIS coursesSample of existing LIS courses
Information Organization and Knowledge Representation
LIS 551 Interfaces to Information Systems
LIS 590DM Document Modeling LIS 590RO Representing and
Organizing Information Resources
LIS590ON Ontologies in Natural Science
Information Resources, Uses and users
LIS 503 Use and Users of Information
LIS 522 Information Sources in the Sciences
LIS 590TR Information Transfer and Collaboration in Science
Information Organization and Knowledge Representation
LIS 551 Interfaces to Information Systems
LIS 590DM Document Modeling LIS 590RO Representing and
Organizing Information Resources
LIS590ON Ontologies in Natural Science
Information Resources, Uses and users
LIS 503 Use and Users of Information
LIS 522 Information Sources in the Sciences
LIS 590TR Information Transfer and Collaboration in Science
Information Systems LIS 456 Information Storage
and Retrieval LIS 509 Building Digital
Libraries LIS 566 Architecture of
Network Information Systems LIS 590EP Electronic
Publishing
Disciplinary Focus LIS 530B Health Sciences
Information Services and Resources
LIS 590HI Healthcare Informatics (Healthcare Infrastructure)
LIS 590EI/BDI Ecological Informatics (Biodiversity Informatics)
Information Systems LIS 456 Information Storage
and Retrieval LIS 509 Building Digital
Libraries LIS 566 Architecture of
Network Information Systems LIS 590EP Electronic
Publishing
Disciplinary Focus LIS 530B Health Sciences
Information Services and Resources
LIS 590HI Healthcare Informatics (Healthcare Infrastructure)
LIS 590EI/BDI Ecological Informatics (Biodiversity Informatics)
MSLIS Data Curation ConcentrationMSLIS Data Curation Concentration
Data Curation Educational Program (DCEP)
IMLS – Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program,
RE-05-06-0036-06 (Heidorn, PI)
Students with the DC concentration will be trained to add value to data and promote sharing across labs and disciplinary specializations
Data Curation Educational Program (DCEP)
IMLS – Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program,
RE-05-06-0036-06 (Heidorn, PI)
Students with the DC concentration will be trained to add value to data and promote sharing across labs and disciplinary specializations
DCEP CurriculumDCEP Curriculum
• Required of All Master's Students• LIS501 Information Organization and Access• LIS502 (2 hrs only) Libraries, Information and
Society
• Required for the DC Concentration• LIS590DC Foundations of Data Curation• LIS590PD Digital Preservation• LIS453 Systems Analysis and Management• Field Experience Seminar (Req’d if taking a practicum, 2
hours)
• Required of All Master's Students• LIS501 Information Organization and Access• LIS502 (2 hrs only) Libraries, Information and
Society
• Required for the DC Concentration• LIS590DC Foundations of Data Curation• LIS590PD Digital Preservation• LIS453 Systems Analysis and Management• Field Experience Seminar (Req’d if taking a practicum, 2
hours)
DCEP courses, cont’dDCEP courses, cont’d• DCEP List of Recommended Electives (Students required to take two, we recommend four)
• LIS452 Foundations of Information Processing in LIS• LIS590BDI Biodiversity and Ecoinformatics• LIS590DI Digital Libraries: Research and Practice• LIS590DM Document Modeling• LIS590IM Information Modeling• LIS590MD Metadata in Theory and Practice• LIS590OD Ontology Development• LIS590RO Representing and Organizing Information
Resources
• DCEP List of Recommended Electives (Students required to take two, we recommend four)
• LIS452 Foundations of Information Processing in LIS• LIS590BDI Biodiversity and Ecoinformatics• LIS590DI Digital Libraries: Research and Practice• LIS590DM Document Modeling• LIS590IM Information Modeling• LIS590MD Metadata in Theory and Practice• LIS590OD Ontology Development• LIS590RO Representing and Organizing Information
Resources
Foundations of Data Curation
• Digital Data and Collections• Scholarly Communication and Scientific
Information Work • Lifecycles, Workflows; Data Re-use and
Value • Infrastructures and Repositories• Selection and Appraisal • Metadata, Standards and Protocols • Archiving and Preservation • Intellectual Property and Legal Issues • Policy, Collaboration and Cooperative
Alignments
Assignments on:• Analysis of Data Management Plans • Discipline-based data curation needs
assessment
Foundations of Data Curation
• Digital Data and Collections• Scholarly Communication and Scientific
Information Work • Lifecycles, Workflows; Data Re-use and
Value • Infrastructures and Repositories• Selection and Appraisal • Metadata, Standards and Protocols • Archiving and Preservation • Intellectual Property and Legal Issues • Policy, Collaboration and Cooperative
Alignments
Assignments on:• Analysis of Data Management Plans • Discipline-based data curation needs
assessment
Digital Preservation
• Archival Theory & Diplomatics • OAIS Reference Model • Data Formats • Digital Archival Objects• Data Curation• Preservation Strategies: • Emulation vs. migration • Authenticity, Integrity & Trust • Evaluation & Value• Digital Preservation & The Law
Assignments on:• Planning Grant Application • Trusted Repository Assessment
Core course contentCore course content
Summer Institute in Data Curation 1
Summer Institute in Data Curation 1
• Seminar format• opportunities for small group discussion• hands-on session
• 10 presenters (GSLIS; National Snow and Ice Data Center; Purdue, UIUC, and Johns Hopkins Univ. Libraries)
• 6-person panel (3 librarians and 3 scientists): Librarians and Scientists
• Keynote by Anna Gold, Associate Dean for Public Services at the at California Polytechnic State University
• Seminar format• opportunities for small group discussion• hands-on session
• 10 presenters (GSLIS; National Snow and Ice Data Center; Purdue, UIUC, and Johns Hopkins Univ. Libraries)
• 6-person panel (3 librarians and 3 scientists): Librarians and Scientists
• Keynote by Anna Gold, Associate Dean for Public Services at the at California Polytechnic State University
Field Work OpportunitiesField Work Opportunities
Internships 6 week, funded
placements project-oriented
Digital Research and Curation Center, Sheridan Libraries, Johns Hopkins University (2008)
National Agriculture Library, USDA (2009)
Distributed Data Curation Center, Purdue University Libraries (2009)
Smithsonian (2009)
Internships 6 week, funded
placements project-oriented
Digital Research and Curation Center, Sheridan Libraries, Johns Hopkins University (2008)
National Agriculture Library, USDA (2009)
Distributed Data Curation Center, Purdue University Libraries (2009)
Smithsonian (2009)
Practica100 hours, course
credit organizational
orientation; shadowing
Nat’l Snow and Ice Data Center (2009)
Practica100 hours, course
credit organizational
orientation; shadowing
Nat’l Snow and Ice Data Center (2009)
New research directionsNew research directions
Focus on integration and scale
Informatics infrastructure as competitive edge
Sample areas of development
Landinformatics GroupAtmospheric science, hydrology, nutrient balance,
carbon cycle, ecology, agronomy
Focus on data integration problems across larger range of sciences
Focus on integration and scale
Informatics infrastructure as competitive edge
Sample areas of development
Landinformatics GroupAtmospheric science, hydrology, nutrient balance,
carbon cycle, ecology, agronomy
Focus on data integration problems across larger range of sciences
ConclusionConclusion
Data is increasingly a scholarly product
Data is currently no managed for the long term
Libraries are the logical institutions to manage data
Additional Training will be neededLibrarians do not do it for free unless
they want to
Data is increasingly a scholarly product
Data is currently no managed for the long term
Libraries are the logical institutions to manage data
Additional Training will be neededLibrarians do not do it for free unless
they want to