Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Leadership through Innovation
Innovation: Incremental and Disruptive
Incremental Innovation
Continuous improvement achieves (near) perfection. Think Toyota. None of its innovations were particularly disruptive to automobile design, but, the company achieved near perfect quality.
Incremental innovation can produce disruptive effects. Returning to Toyota, consider the disruption of Toyota
quality to the US’s Big Three automakers; and ultimately, to European car makers when Big Three quality approached that of Toyota.
Incremental innovation is far more sustainable a business model. Hardly any company can be a disruptive innovator.
Saito bemoaned “miles of dead, burned-out companies” that pinned their hopes on the next iPod.
The Case for Disruption
It anticipates unmet needs, rather than fulfill old ones. Incremental innovation would have made a healthier horse,
whereas disruptive innovation begat the automobile. Disruptive innovation has a cascading effect of possibilities. The Internet began as a method of communication, which
begat search engines (replacing encyclopedia) and online collaboration (bringing globally diverse teams together), and made way for thousands of companies and millions of jobs.
Disruptive innovation draws upon a collective consciousness, where incremental innovations rely upon thousands of good and small ideas from a closed ecosystem (like the Toyota employee base).
The Internet is improved and innovated in a continuous feedback cycle, across a global ecosystem of companies and users.
The Innovator’s Dilemma— Clayton M. Christensen
“The Innovator’s Dilemma is absolutely brilliant. Clayton Christensen provides an insightful analysis of changing technology and its importance to a company’s future success. I highly recommend this book for anyone interested in business or entrepreneurship.” — Michael R. Bloomberg
The Innovator’s Dilemma— Clayton M. Christensen
The Innovator’s Dilemma presents a set of rules for capitalizing on the phenomenon of disruptive innovation: When it is right not to listen to
customers. When to invest in developing
lower-performance products that promise lower margins.
When to pursue small markets at the expense of seemingly larger and more lucrative ones.
The Innovator’s Solution— Clayton M. Christensen
“This book lives up to its promise: more than an engrossing read shot through with Christensen’s rigorous thinking and trademark clarity, it’s a valuable tool for every aspiring upstart.” — Fast Company
“The Innovator’s Solution teaches companies to become the hunter instead of the prey.” — Newsweek
“Fresh thinking aplenty… nothing less than a handbook for managers who would rather disrupt than be disrupted.” — Financial Times
The Innovator’s DNA— Jeff Dyer, Hal Gregersen, Clayton M. Christensen
“The Innovator’s DNA sheds new light on the once-mysterious art of innovation by showing that successful innovators exhibit common behavioral habits—habits that can boost anyone’s creative capacity.”
— STEPHEN R. COVEY
“The Innovator’s DNA is the ‘how to’ manual to innovation, and to the fresh thinking that is the root of innovation. It has dozens of simple tricks that any person and any team can use today to discover the fresh ideas to solve the important problems. Buy it now and read it tonight. Tomorrow you will learn more, create more, inspire more.”
— SCOTT D. COOK
The other side of Innovation— Vijay Govindarajan & Chris Trimble
“Innovation is at once important for business success but somehow daunting to many companies. The other side of Innovation shows — using practical examples and ideas and clear writing — how to marry the company’s core business with new activities. With its emphasis on the importance of implementation, the book provides a wonderful complement to the emphasis on creativity and discovery so common in the innovation literature.” — Jefrey Pfeffer
Effective Innovation — John Adair
“Innovation – the process of taking new ideas through to satisfied customers – is the lifeblood of any organization today. Nothing stultifies a company and the individuals working in it more than a lack of interest in positive change. You cannot stand still: either you go backwards or move forwards.”
CATS: The Nine Lives of Innovation— Stephen C. Lundin
The Nine Lives of Innovation include: Focus: tune out the distracting “noises” of everyday life. Preparedness: be ready to spring when you least expect it. Perspective: break from the tired old way of looking at things. Intellectual Provocation: everything is fascinating … if you know where to look.
The Circle of Innovation— Tom Peters
“A breakthrough for the genre… Peters is not only the father of the postmodern corporation … he may well have produced the first piece of postmodern management literature.”
— Los Angeles Times
Harvard Business Review on Innovation
“In today’s ever-changing economic landscape, innovation has become even more of a key factor influencing strategic planning. This helpful volume will help the reader recognize and seize innovation opportunities.”
Innovation in Education— Charles Leadbeater
‘This book is incredibly important because it is a way to share with the whole world the most important innovations that are happening. How do we learn about what is happening around the world if we do not have WISE? This book educates us and shares best practices. We are very grateful to WISE and we need to get this book into everyone’s hands: it is a very valuable resource.’ — Ms Carolyn Acker, Founder, Pathways to Education
Disrupting Class— Clayton M. Christensen
"A brilliant teacher, Christensen brings clarity to a muddled and chaotic world of education."
—Jim Collins“Just as iTunes revolutionized the music industry, technology has the potential to transform education in America so that every one of the nation’s 50 million students receives a high quality education. Disrupting Class is a must-read, as it shows us how we can blaze that trail toward transformation.”
—Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida
How Disruptive Innovation helps
Disruptive Innovation in the Classroom
Disruption has several definitions in the English language, and not many of them positive in nature.
A television commercial can disrupt a viewer; students can disrupt a class by talking out of turn; and the introduction of new technologies can disrupt traditional means of getting the job done.
The disruptive "factor" halts progress and creates complications that someone must deal with in order to get things moving in the right direction.
What is Disruptive Technology? A disruptive technology, also known as a
disruptive innovation, is an innovation that transforms an existing sector or creates a new one by introducing simplicity, convenience, accessibility, and affordability, where before the product or service was complicated, expensive, and inaccessible.
It's initially formed in a narrow foothold market that appears unattractive or inconsequential to industry incumbents.
What are some examples of Disruptive Innovation? The biggest one we're seeing broadly throughout
education centers around online learning. It looks like a classic disruption in that the early
"PowerPoint and an Internet connection" iterations of it were pretty clunky.
Significant strides have been made in the online education world over the last few years, and it now reaches students who previously lacked access to quality courses, and those who need credit or dropout recovery options.
As a result, online learning is now growing significantly, both in the K-12 and the higher education space.
How about a more General Example of Disruptive Innovation?
The personal computer is the classic example of a disruptive innovation.
Before it came along, computing was done through mainframe or "mini computer" centers where an expert handled the task with punch cards.
This was expensive, with the computers themselves costing about a quarter of a million dollars.
And while the earliest personal computers couldn't handle complicated tasks, they did put computing at everyone's fingertips.
Over time, this disruptive innovation has completely transformed the computing industry.
What are the benefits of Disruptive Innovation in the K-12 space?
When you look at the nation's K-12 system, one of its biggest struggles it faces involves the standardized batch model testing process that conflicts with the fact that students learn in very different ways, and at differing paces.
The exciting aspect of disruptive innovations such as online learning is that it helps education break out of that monolithic mold and over to a more "student-centric" system.
Through online learning, students can proceed down different paths, thus creating a more constant, mastery-based environment based on competency models.
This is an exciting transformation that's certain to lead to more upheaval of traditional systems over the next 10 years.
What are the challenging aspects of Disruptive Innovation?
The fact that disruptive innovations have historically tripped up the existing institutions in any field. Digital Equipment Corporation was the mini-computer leader, for example, and was disrupted by Apple and IBM.
Eventually, the entire mini-computer industry collapsed, proving that disruptive innovations are difficult for existing institutions to "catch."
This challenge can be turned into opportunity in the educational field, where teachers and administrators can continue to run existing systems while simultaneously implementing disruptive innovations at the fringes--say, by benefitting students who aren't being served by our schools (through online education, for example).
Such dexterity can be difficult and will present leadership and managerial challenges, but I'm optimistic that our schools can do it.
Will Online Learning Disrupt Class? Contrary to the common view that schools have
changed little in the past century, in fact they have changed in very substantial ways.
In seeking to improve achievement of US students, enhancing and building upon students’ intrinsic motivation is a key area in which schools can excel.
Customizing learning to the student is a key factor in making education intrinsically motivating for students.
Schools’ use of technology has had limited benefits. Education has avoided disruptive influences that force
fields to evolve and change. Online learning as it is being implemented today is
often replacing non-consumption.
Existing Artificial Limits should be removed Ensuring that students and parents are free to
choose online courses and schools. Encouraging schools of education to �
incorporate online instruction as part of the curriculum for future teachers, to include pre-service training in teaching online, and creating additional professional development options for certified teachers.
Allowing teachers to teach across state lines by �encouraging reciprocity of recognition of teaching credentials.
�
Cont…
Creating true national content standards so online content does not need to demonstrate alignment with countless different content frameworks.
Revising accounting standards for funding to �get away from count dates, seat time, and other measures that don’t apply to the online environment.
Establishing some standard metrics for basic �quality assurance and measurements, such as consistent measures for course completions, etc.
The Independent Educator and the Entrepreneurial University
We are often skeptical of the Government and its regulating agencies understanding of challenges to education, and their complete indifference to overcoming these challenges.
Our hope is in independent educators who as responsible professionals help you bridge the gap between where the rest of the world is heading, and our myopic if not cataract vision for our learners.
If one were to pursue the profession of medicine, law, architecture or even finance as in a CA, CFA or CFE (Certified Fraud Examiner), one could choose to be employed by a large corporation, the Government or be self-employed.
But these options are not available to a qualified educator. One may have a teaching credential or a Ph.D. with impeccable academic credentials, but one cannot teach as a self-employed academic for recognised qualifications.
One of the undesirable consequences is that the goals of universal primary education are not being met, nor is the desired gross enrolment ratio being achieved for higher education.
With 4 recent technological trends of smartphones in every hand and more educational Apps becoming available, better data plans for Internet, and more solutions on the cloud and offline groups supporting online communities or forming offline communities based on online groups. These become smaller learner cohorts in an otherwise MOOC model.
Just as salaried theatre artists evolved into independent actors and now millionaire superstars, we may see independent educators, practicing as freelance educators within the framework of existing Institutions later evolving to Institutions themselves, especially in an entrepreneurial university environment.
Once it is made possible, it is clear that many academics would love to be a freelance educator, offering courses online and earning what they can earn.
This requires two things: a teaching environment, and accreditation. Several people have already built the first; all that's lacking is the second. And once we acknowledge that providing high quality learning for future generations is more important than preserving old unviable models, the corresponding accreditation models would also work out.
By way of information, among the dozens of choices available for independent professors, Udemy and Straighterline are 2 very good options and in India we have wiziq and quampus as 2 similar options. As this model gets more successful, may more solutions would crop up to support one person academies. Possibly a 21stcentury version of our own traditional gurukul.
The Concept of an Entrepreneurial University Was a vision ( or perhaps a dream ) of Burton Clark,
who desired academics to pursue their goals rather independently.
.... We find the entrepreneurial university or be a place that diversifies income to the point where its financial portfolio is not heavily dependent upon the whims of politicians and bureaucrats who occupy the seats of state policy, nor upon business firms and their commercial influence nor even upon student tuition as main
Effective stewardship comes to depend not on the state or " the market" , but on university guidance and self-determination. The entrepreneurial university does indeed provide a new basis for achievement".
Unlocking the Commercial value of Knowledge Unlocking the commercial value of the
knowledge created and held in a University, is more feasible in the Knowledge economy than in the Industrial Age or the agricultural age.
The idea is very suitable to implementation in the coming years, and can be a good idea to develop and pursue in the New Year.
We can't call it a University, because under section 3 of the UGC Act, only a body created by Parliament or State Legislature can be permitted to use the label University.
An Entrepreneurial Academy Mainly driven by the technologies mentioned
above, it will be for enterprising learners, enterprising faculty and enterprising business leaders. This will be an academic learning community with a difference.
Seeking independence and acknowledging that 'he who pays the piper calls the tune' and that ‘the Government funded autonomous Institute' is a myth, is able to establish both financial and academic autonomy without being at the mercy of the Government or large business corporates.
Report of the Planning Commission Committee Chaired by Shri Sunil Mitra on “Angel Investment &
Early Stage Venture Capital” June 2012 The report highlights that the entrepreneurship
engine in India, over the next decade, has the potential to create 2500 successful high growth ventures, with combined revenue of over Rs. 10 lakh crore (nearly USD 200 billion), and to generate 10 million direct & 20-30 million indirect jobs.
Consequently, powering India’s economic progress with inclusive economic development, innovative products/services for India’s young population, India as a hub for frugal innovation, and attracting investment flows and creating substantial wealth.
Going beyond mere Platitudes The concept of the ‘Entrepreneurial
University' has to be put in place. We will not get entrepreneurs as a bye-
product of an educational system designed to train bureaucrats, or engineers or managers for large corporations, but we must catch them (those who have a spirit of enterprise and a passion and drive for change) young and train them for the role of leadership that we expect from them.
