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PRESENTED BY :- RASHID ANWAR B.TECH (M.E.) 1135993 ASRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY PRESENTATION ON

RASHID ANWAR RAAZ ppt

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Page 1: RASHID ANWAR RAAZ ppt

PRESENTED BY :- RASHID ANWAR

B.TECH (M.E.)1135993

ASRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTATION ON

Page 2: RASHID ANWAR RAAZ ppt

The Sasan Ultra Mega Power Project (UMPP) is a Government of India initiative to develop alarge power plant in India. Sasan Power Limited (SPL) is currently developing a 3,960 MWcoal-fired UMPP to be located in Sasan, Madhya Pradesh, approximately 25 km from threecaptive pithead coalmines. The Sasan project will be a 6x660 MW coal-fired project.Sasan Power Limited (SPL) was incorporated on February 10, 2006. This company wasincorporated as a wholly owned subsidiary of Power Finance Corporation Limited in order tobuild, own, operate and maintain the Sasan Ultra Megawatt Power Project at Sasan, MadhyaPradesh. It was transferred to Reliance Power under the provisions of a share purchaseagreement dated August 7, 2007 and is now a fully owned subsidiary of Reliance Power.

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Summary: · Location: Sasan, Madhya Pradesh, a 3,000 acre cluster of 5 villages Sidhikhurg,Sidhikala, Tiyara, Jhanjhi and Harrhawa containing a population of about 10,000 locatedapproximately 25 km from three captive pithead coalmines. · Date Initiated: Feb 10, 2006 with the incorporation of Sasan Power limited (SPL). · Size: 3,960 MW coal-fired ultra mega power project (UMPP) - 6x660 MW · Annual Emmissions: 26,000-27,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year or 832 gramscarbon dioxide per kilowatt hour· Local Displacement: About 6,000 people will lose their land and homes once the Rs20,000-crore ($200 billion) project takes off. Both issues are critical because the greencover here belies the stark poverty of an area that has just one or two pakka (permanent)houses. Most farmers and daily labourers live in mud hutments.· Power Use: The states sharing the power are Madhya Pradesh (Lead Procurer) with a37.50% share, followed by Punjab (15%), Uttar Pradesh (12.5%), Delhi (11.25%),Haryana (11.25%), Rajasthan (10%) and Uttarakhand (2.5%).

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At present, India’s total installed power capacity stands at 1,47,402.81MW. Of this, the contribution of each sources are

Thermal - 93,392MW Hydro - 36,647.76MW Nuclear sources - 4,120 MWRenewable energy _ 13,242.41 MW.

India’s power generation capacity 68% below target in 2009.There is a huge demand for power in FY10.It is expected to grow by 4.6% with a capacity of 7,730 MW are likely in FY10.

At present, India’s total installed power capacity stands at 1,47,402.81MW. Of this, the contribution of each sources are

Thermal - 93,392MW Hydro - 36,647.76MW Nuclear sources - 4,120 MWRenewable energy _ 13,242.41 MW.

India’s power generation capacity 68% below target in 2009.There is a huge demand for power in FY10.It is expected to grow by 4.6% with a capacity of 7,730 MW are likely in FY10.

PRESENTATION ON “GENERATION OF THERMAL POWER”

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The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to Boiler for producing heatIn Boiler the water is converted to steam.In Super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam is called super heated steamThe superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbineThe Exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates the Intermediate pressure(IP) TurbineThe steam from the IP turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produces Electric Power.The power generated is then Transmitted. Prime mover coupled to Alternator Prime mover is driven by energy obtained from

various sources such as burning of fuel pressure of water Force of wind etc.

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Nuclear power plants use a nuclear reactor’s heat to operate a steam turbine generator

Fossil fuelled power plants may also use a steam turbine generator or in the case of natural gas fired plants may use a combustion turbine.

Geothermal power plants use steam extracted from hot underground rocks

Renewable energy plants may be fuelled by waste from sugar cane, municipal solid waste, landfill methane, or other forms of biomass

In integrated steel mills, blast furnace exhaust gas is a low-cost, although low-energy-density, fuel

Waste heat from industrial processes is occasionally concentrated enough to use for power generation, usually in a steam boiler and turbine

Solar thermal electric plants use sunlight to boil water, which turns the generator

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1. Cooling tower 10. Steam Control valve 19. Superheater

2. Cooling water pump11. High pressure steam turbine

20. Forced draught (draft) fan

3. transmission line (3-phase)

12. Deaerator 21. Reheater

4. Step-up transformer (3-phase)

13. Feed water heater22. Combustion air intake

5. Electrical generator (3-phase)

14. Coal conveyor 23. Economiser

6. Low pressure steam turbine

15. Coal hopper 24. Air preheater

7. Condensate pump 16. Coal pulveriser 25. Precipitator

8. Surface condenser 17. Boiler steam drum26. Induced draught (draft) fan

9. Intermediate pressure steam turbine

18. Bottom ash hopper 27. Flue gas stack

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In India 65% of total power is generated by the Thermal Power Stations .

Thermal power plant basically works on Rankine cycle

In thermal power station, water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser & recycled to where it was heated; this is known as Rankine cycle

Coal handling plantCoal conveyorpulverizerBoilerSuper-heater and re-heatersEconomizer Steam turbine generatorCondensers Ash handling plantGeneratorCooling towerSwitch yard & Control room

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Raw coal from J.C.F Renukut

To R.W.P.L. from

mine via railway track

Wagon tipplers

Crusher house

Coal hopperbunkers

Raw coal feeders

Coal mills (pulverization)

Boiler furnace ( tangential firing of pulverized coal)

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COAL CONYEYOR Coal conveyor is a belt type arrangement, that are used to move coal efficiently. Coal arriving by train can be stocked for later use or taken straight to the coal bunkers. Control room with remote control system helps to ensure that conveyors take the coal to the

right bunkers.

PULVERIZER Each unit has six pulverizing fuel mills, each

capable of pulverizing 40 tones of coal per hour

Inside the mills, ten giant hollow steel rollers crush the coal into a fine powder

Crushing the coal into a fine powder makes easier to burn it more completely

By pulverizing the coal combustion efficiency of coal increases.

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BOILER

A boiler or steam generator is a closed vessel in which water is converted into steam, under pressure

It is the major components of a thermal power plant.

Always designed to absorb maximum amount of heat released in the process of combustion.

Boilers are of two types- Fire tube boiler Water tube boiler

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SUPERHEATER The steam produced in the boiler,

goes to the steam drum and is then piped to super-heaters where it is heated above saturation temperature.

At this point steam is now turned into a very powerful source of energy.

This rotates the turbine to which generator is on the other end.

From rotating generator electricity is produced.

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ECONOMISER

Economizer is device which recover the heat from the flue gases on their way to chimney.

Flue gases coming out of the boiler carry lot of heat.

An economizer extracts a part of this heat from flue gases and uses it for heating feed water.

This use of economizer results in saving coal consumption and higher boiler efficiency

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REHEATERS

Reheater is also a steam boiler in which heat is added to this high-pressure steam, which has given up some of its energy in expansion through the intermediate-pressure turbine.

The steam after reheating is used to rotate the second steam turbine where the heat is converted to mechanical energy.

This mechanical energy is used to run the generator, which is coupled to turbine , there by generating electrical energy.

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STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR The turbine generator consists of a series of

steam turbines interconnected to each other and a generator on a common shaft.

There is a high pressure turbine at one end, followed by an intermediate pressure turbine, a low pressure turbines, and the generator.

As steam moves through the system, it loses pressure and thermal energy and expands in volume, requiring increasing diameter and longer blades at each succeeding stage to extract the remaining energy.

The entire rotating mass may be over 200 metric tons and 100 feet (30 m) long.

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CONDENSERSteam after rotating steam turbine comes to the condenser. The purpose of condensor is to condense the outlet steam from steam turbine to get the condensed steam in the form of pure water.

This water is then Pumped back to the boiler.

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ASH HANDLING PLANT

The percentage of ash in coal is 5% in good quality coal & about 40% in poor quality coal. Power plants generally use poor quality of coal , thus amount of ash produced by it is quite large.A modern 1000MW plant produces about 4800 tons of ash daily. The stations use some conveyor arrangement to carry ash to dump sites.

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DEAERATOR A steam generating boiler requires that the boiler feed water should be devoid of air and other dissolved gases, particularly corrosive ones. In order to avoid corrosion of the metal, power station uses a Deaerator, for the removal of air and other dissolved gases from the boiler feed water.A deaerator has a vertical, domed deaeration section mounted on top of a horizontal cylindrical vessel which serves as a deaerated boiler feed water storage tank.

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GENERATOR An electrical generator is a machine

which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through electro mechanical energy conversion.

The generator is driven by directly coupled steam turbine at a speed of 3000 rpm.

The electricity then goes to a “transformer” where the voltage is increased to 4,00,000 volts before sending it to the “Grid” for distribution via cables.

Mechanical energy

Electrical Energy

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COOLING TOWER

The condensate (water) formed in the condenser after condensation is initially at high temperature. This hot water is passed to cooling towers.

It is a tower- or building-like structure in which atmospheric air circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water and the water is thereby cooled.

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SWITCH YARD

Placed where switching operation of power distribution is performed.

Air insulated switch yard of 220KV-400KV are used.

Main Components of Switch Yard:

Circuit breaker

Isolator

Lightening arrester

Bus bar

Current Transformer

Potential Transformer

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SWITCH YARD UNIT

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CIRCUIT BREAKER

These are used for automatic switching during normal or abnormal conditions .

Specification:

Manufacturer ABB Limited

Type of Circuit Breaker SF6

Rated Voltage 245 KV

Rated Current

Under Site Condition of 40 0C

Under Site Condition of 50 0C

4000 A

2000 A

Rated Frequency 50 Hz

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ISOLATOR These are used to disconnect transmission line under no-load

condition for safety, isolation and maintenance.

Specification:

Rated current for site conditions 2000 A

Rated Voltage 245 KV

Rated Frequency 50 Hz

Operating time of Isolator Less than 12 sec.

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LIGHTENING ARRESTOR

These are used to discharge lightning over voltages and switching over voltages to earth.

Specification:

Manufacturer Crompton Greaves Ltd, Nasik

Model No. ZLA X 25 C

Ref. Standard IEC 99 – 4. 1991

Rated Frequency 50 Hz

Max. Leakage Current 5 mA

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BUS BAR The conductors to which several incoming and outgoing lines are

connected.

They are made up of Cu & Al,

The incoming and outgoing cables are provided for metering purpose.

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

These are used to step-down currents for measurement, control &

protection.

Current transformers are used extensively for measuring current

and monitoring the operation of the power grid.

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VOLTAGE TRANFORMER

VT measure voltage and this parameter used for protection of system.

For high voltage CVT (capacitive voltage transformer) is used instead of VT and capacitors play divider role.

We can also use these capacitors for PLC system.

PLC means programmable logic control system

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CONCLUSION

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FOR YOUR

ATTENTION