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ExaminingOpenInnovationPracticesamongInternationalNetworksofClusters
EmilyWise,VINNOVA&LundUniversity,SELiseAndersen,Reg-X&SouthernDenmarkUniv.
MadelineSmith,EKOSConsulting,UK
PresentationObjectives(andDisclaimer)
• Presentplannedresearchactivities– Ontopicsofopeninnovation,socialcapitaldevelopment,andvalue-addedoforganizedclustereffortsinthecontextofinternationalinnovationnetworks
– Focusedonfivetransnationalnetworksofinnovationenvironments,clustersandSMEsintheBalticSeaRegion
• Getpeerinputonhowotherregionsareworkingwiththesetopics(inrelationtotheirclusteractivities)
Outline
• TheEUStrategyfortheBSRandtheBSRStarsFlagshipProg
• Researchobjective/questions• Discussion
4
TheEUStrategyfortheBalticSeaMacroRegion
FOUR OVERALL OBJECTIVES:• To make the Baltic Sea region an environmentally CLEAN place• To make the Baltic Sea region a PROSPEROUS place• To make the Baltic Sea region an ACCESSIBLE and ATTRACTIVE
place• To make the Baltic Sea region a SAFE and SECURE place
And an action plan with 15 action areas (one of which is researchand innovation – co-led by Sweden and Poland)
5
FlagshipprojectsinChap7Research&Innovation
Lead Partner1Fast T
Innovation, Clusters & SME Networks
Sweden (Vinnova)/ Lithuania
2 Baltic Sea Fund for Innovation & Research
The Skåne Region
3 Services innovation Lithuania/Finland4 Innovation in Health & Life
sciencesLithuania/Germany
5 Science link for research infrastructure
Sweden (Swedish Research Council)
6
WHYINCREASEDTRANSNATIONALCOOPERATIONBETWEENINNOVATIVE
MILIEUS,CLUSTERSANDSMENETWORKS?
• Countriesgrowwithneighborsthatgrow• LargerHomeMarketforproducts,servicesandknowledge,
110millionpeoplein10countries.(especiallyimportantforSMEs)• ThereispotentialthatBSRcanbeaglobalrecognizedstrong
environmentinanumberofareas• WehaveLeadingcompanies/universities/clustersThreelogics:
1.Astrongervaluechaincanbeofferedwithinthemacroregion2.Alargercriticalmassinresearchandinnovation3.Complementarycompetencescreatesrenewal
BSRStars/Stardust aimsatcreatinganumberofglobally-leadingresearchandinnovationhubs
- buildingonexistingcommercialstrengthsandspecialisedcompetenciesaroundtheBSR
- linkingtheseresearchandinnovationnodesthroughtransnationalcollaborationprojects
- developingstrongercriticalmass,attractivenessandinternationalcompetitiveposition
Design,ManagementandCoordination(WP0,WP1)
TransnationalCollaborationPilots
(WP3&4)
Orches-trate&Facilitate
MobileVikings
CleanWater
ActiveforLife
MarChain
ComfortinLivingConcepts
Communication,LearningWS,andotherevents(WP2)
TheLogicofStarDust
11
Theme Project description Partners
Cleantech& Future Energy
Clean WaterOpen Innovation & Value ChainSME – Focus, commercialize services & productsTestbed in Vodacanal, Russia
Lahti Cleantech cluster, FINSWE, Sustainable Sweden, POLAssP: Green Net , FIN Vodacanal Russia
Wellbeing & Health
Active Ageing − Develop commercial services to keep people active for a longer timeMaking systems solutions − value chainMarket target ChinaUser driven innovation system
Cumulatum, FIN(DE), (GE), (LITH), (SWE)– Livets nya verktyg, (NO) to be addedRegion of Skåne (SWE)
Future Transport
MarchainEarly stage – Develop business plan and links, using intelligence between national maritime clusters to increase competetitiveness
Claipedia Science & Technology Park, LITHFIN, LAT, EST, POL, SWE, DE, DK, NO, IS
Digital business and services
Mobile VIKINGS SWE, Skåne, Mobile HeightsFIN, LITH + many BSR clusters
OtherComfort in Living ConceptsSolutions of comfort living for tomorrows generation by using designknowledgeLinks of SME networks
Furniture of Kingdom, SWELITH, LAT, POL
SomeofthetopicswetalkaboutatTCIconferences
• Globalizationofinnovationandtheimportanceofinternationalclustercooperation
• Clusterdynamicsandtheprocessofsocialcapitalbuilding(withinclusters)
• Openinnovation• Evaluationofimpactfrompolicyinvestmentsinclusteringefforts
Objectiveoftheresearchproject
Understandhowinternationalinnovationprocessesarefacilitatedbythenetworkofclusterorganizations(andotheractorswithinregionalinnovationsystems)
withintheBSR
• Whatareclusteractors’expectations/expectedbenefitswithtransnationalclusternetworks?
• Doclusterorganizationsfacilitatethestrengtheningofinternationallinkagesbetweencompanyandresearchactorsinthenetworks?
• Isitimportanttohavestronginternalclusterdynamics(i.e.socialcapital)beforepursuinginnovationactivitiesinternationally?
• Doexistingpoliciessupportopeninnovationactivitieswithinaclusterandbetweenclustersinternationally?
Howdoknowledgelinkagesdevelopinternationally(throughnetworknodes)?
ILLUSTRATIVE
ClustersandSocialCapital• Previousstudiesgiveasnapshotpicture
– Showcurrentstate– Arerelativelystatic
• Realityisthat:– Howorganisationsworktogetherisimportant– Thisispoorlycapturedinevaluation(SocialCapital?)
• Clusterdynamicsmodel– Systemsthinkingapproach– exploresdynamicnatureofclusters– Showsbehavioursandcompanyinteractionasclusterdevelops
– DevelopedinScotland,successfullyimplementedinSweden,Denmark,Ireland,Norway,Switzerland,California,Finland
Stimulation andAcquisition of relevant research and development
L5 FUTURE FOCUS LOOP
Performance of individual firms
Overall performance of all firms in the zone
Overall Cluster competitive performance
Motivation for competitive innovation
Degree of enhancement of competitive innovation
Platform for new level of innovation
Sharing of critical sectoral knowledge
Extent of cooperative initiatives
Extent of shared response to common challenges
L1 INTER-FIRM RIVALRY LOOP
L2 INTER-FIRM CO-OPERATIONLOOP
Global competition and external market pressure
Type of cultural context
L3 COLLABORATIVEADVANTAGELOOP L4 VENTURE
ATTRACTIVENESS LOOP
Collection– Cooperation- Collaboration
Competitive power of cluster
SmithandBrown,LocalEconomy,June2009
TheClusterDynamicLoops
Collaboratetoinnovate– why?• Mostofthesmartpeopledon’tworkforyou• Gainaccesspeopleyoucouldn’t...orwouldn’temploy• Diversityisasimportantasability*• Nobodyisassmartaseverybody(Wisdomofcrowds)• Metcalf’slaw - Vnµ N²
• Leveragesthelawof‘requisitevariety’
‘MostInnovationhappenselsewhere’BillJoy– SunMicrosystems,Inc.
*Source:LuHong/ScottE.Page
OpenInnovation– LeveragingSocialCapital
Traditional Innovation Open Innovation
Expertise triumphs Diversity trumps expertise
We know what the consumer wants
Consumers are passionate users who innovate – producers follow
What you know matters Who you know matters
Take no risks - copyright, patent & protect
Judge the risk of releasing information against the return of gaining understanding
The goal is to agree The goal is to tap into those who agree and disagree
Improve ideas by applying more resources
Improve ideas by sharing them
Judge ideas by how they fit Judge ideas by how they differ and what they offer
Relationship hierarchies Relationship networks
Innovation management - control Innovation cultivation - evolve
Expertise
Consumer
Knowledge
Intellectual Property
Collaboration vs. competition
Development
Assessment
Relationships
Organising
Apurposeful,strategicwayofworkingthatleveragestheresources ofeachpartyforthebenefitofall bycoordinatingactivitiesandcommunicatinginformationwithinanenvironmentoftrust and transparency
CompaniesCollaborateforaReason
BenefitofCollaboration =
ValueofResourcesLeveraged
TimeandEfforttoCollaborate
©2008TheRhythmofBusiness,Inc.
ClustersandOpenInnovation• Clusters=sectorspecificInnovationsystems• Collectiveabilitytolearn“Thefuturebelongstothosewhocollaborate…Tosucceedinthisenvironment,organisationswillneedtocollaboratewiththousandsofspecialisedplayers,fromcustomersandpartnerstocompetitors,regionaldistributorsanduniversityresearchers”(EIU2007)
Clustersare...
l Learningorganisationsl Bynatureopenandcollaborativel Shareknowledgel Learnfromeachotherl Workindifferentways
AHotbedofOpenInnovation?Needbetterunderstandingofhowclusterscanalsoworkinthiswaytransnationally?
QuestionsforDiscussion
• HowcanOpenInnovationapproaches(andmind-sets)helpclusterdevelopment?– Howcanweencouragecollaboration– Withinacluster,betweenclusters,transnationally
• Whataretheessentialpre-requisitesforsuccessfultransnationalcooperation?
• Arethereothertransnationalclusterpilotsthatwecansharelearningbetween?
