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THE THE PHILIPPINE HIGHER PHILIPPINE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM : A SITUATIONEREDUCATION SYSTEM : A SITUATIONER
ATTY. JULITO D. VITRIOLOATTY. JULITO D. VITRIOLODeputy Executive Director IV
Commission on Higher EducationSeptember 2007
HE : Features & ConsiderationsHE : Features & Considerations
• Quality and affordable education with a broad range of disciplines and large number of higher education institutions
• Globally-competitive graduates: medicine, nursing, agriculture, engineering, architecture, maritime education, accountancy, hotel and restaurant management, teacher education and information technology
• Use of English as a medium of instruction
• Rich history and culture
• Breathtaking scenery of tourist spots
• Vibrant democracy
• Warm and friendly people
• Good facilities
• Excellent entertainment
• 7,107 islands• Asia’s beach capital: variety of marine life and water
attractions• Numerous places of wonder, such as:
• world heritage site of Banaue Rice Terraces– 1,268 Chocolate Hills of Bohol– “Walled City” in Manila
• Climate – March to May is hot and dry. June to October is rainy, November to February is cool. Average temperatures: 78°F / 25°C to 90°F / 32°C; humidity is 77%.
OTHER FEATURES OTHER FEATURES
• Unique Filipino culture: fusion of East and West
• Filipino – national language • English – official language used
for business, school, legal and government transactions
• World-class facilities and services: first-class hotels, fine restaurants, modern shopping centers & communication services
Structure of Philippine Education Structure of Philippine Education SystemSystem
Age3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Master's
Post-Baccalaureate
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Primary/ElementaryEducation Secondary Education
Compulsory Primary/Elementary
Pre-School
6-year Degree Program (Some Medical Allied Programs)
Post-Secondary Middle Education/
Vocational Technology
Post-Doctorate
Doctorate
Age may vary
Graduate Education
Length of Year
Pre-School Education
Tertiary Education
Secondary
Higher Education
Pre-baccalaureate
4-year Degree Program
5-year Degree Program (Architecture and Engineering and
Technology Programs)
Bac
cala
urea
te
Governance of the Philippine Governance of the Philippine Education SystemEducation System
• Basic education – Department of Education (DepEd)– 6-year elementary and 4-year secondary
education is free– Pre-school education (nursery, kindergarten,
preparatory and others) and 7th grade are optional
• Post-secondary technical education and vocational education – Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)– provide skills orientation
training and development for a particular occupation or group of middle-level occupation
Governance …Governance …
Commission on Higher Commission on Higher EducationEducation
• Higher education – Commission on Higher Education (CHED)– Established in 18 May 1994– Republic Act 7722 “Higher
Education Act of 1994”– Oversees and provides the
general policy environment for all colleges and universities: state, private, non-chartered public tertiary institutions
CHED’s MAIN THRUST:
make Philippine higher education globally competitive, responsive and relevant
to a rapidly changing global higher education landscape
Commission on Higher Commission on Higher EducationEducation
Goals, Targets and StrategiesGoals, Targets and Strategies• Thematic goals and targets
– Achieving quality and excellence in higher education
– Enhancing access and equity– Improving relevance and
responsiveness of higher education programs
– Enhancing efficiency and effectiveness of higher education
• Developmental and regulatory strategies– Grant of technical and
financial assistance to higher education institutions from proceeds of the Higher Education Development Fund
– Strict implementation of policies and standards in higher education
Goals, Targets and StrategiesGoals, Targets and Strategies
Challenges and ConcernsChallenges and Concerns
• Improve quality of higher education: lack of high level manpower for instruction and research; poor learning facilities
• Upgrade graduate education and research• Match programs and graduates with development
needs• Provide access to quality higher education to growing
college population (16-22 yrs old)• Proliferation of HEIs and programs
• Top Higher Education Institutions
• 275 COEs/CODs• 40 autonomous and 39
deregulated private HEIs• 90 STCW compliant maritime
institutions• 303 HEIs with program
accreditation granted by FAAP
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Quality Standards
• Compliance with CHED policies and standards
• Updated/Revised polices, standards and guidelines
• Withdrawal of permits by CHED for non-compliance with standards
• Phase-out of programs with low-performance of graduates in professional examinations
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Quality Standards
• Voluntary accreditation through self and peer evaluation– Accreditation – mechanism to
ensure quality in an educational system
– Schools acquire a seal of approval from peers in the academic world
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Quality Graduates
• Competent and productive workers
• Medicine, nursing, engineering, architecture, maritime education, accountancy, hotel and restaurant management, teacher education, agriculture, and information technology
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• International Comparability
• APEC Engineer Register• IMO White List; passed STCW
95’ standards• Ratification of Regional
Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas, and Degrees in Higher Education in Asia Pacific Region
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Academic Calendar
• Academic year begins in June and ends the following March
• Most schools conduct classes in two semesters ( some trimestral basis)
• First semester lasts from June to October
• Second semester from November to March
• Summer classes from 3rd week of April to 3rd week of May
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Admission Requirements for Undergraduate Programs
• Complied with secondary education requirement
• Passed university admission test• Evaluated and found to be
qualified to take up collegiate courses
• Legal education– 4-year baccalaureate degree– Certificate of Eligibility for
Admission to Law
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Admission Requirements for Undergraduate Programs
• Dentistry– 2-year pre-dental education– Certificate of Eligibility for
Admission to Dentistry• Medicine
– 4-year baccalaureate degree– National Medical Admission
test– Certificate of Eligibility for
Admission to Medicine
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Immigration Requirements and Procedures
• Submit to Philippine college or university– Student’s Personal History Statement– Transcript of Records/Scholastic
Records authenticated by the Philippine Foreign Service Post (PFSP) located in the applicant’s country or origin or legal residence
– Proof of adequate support to cover living and education expenses
– Authenticated photocopy of student’s passport showing date and place of birth
– Authenticated birth certificate or its equivalent
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Immigration Requirements and Procedures
• Accepting school submits Notice of Acceptance to the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)
• DFA approves application and notifies Philippine Foreign Service Post concerned for the issuance of the student visa
• DFA informs the accepting school upon approval of student visa
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• Immigration Requirements and Procedures
• Accepting school assists the student obtain Alien Certificate of Registration and Certificate of Residence for Temporary Students form the Bureau of Immigration upon his/her arrival in the Philippines
NOTE:
Foreign students already in the Philippines can convert their admission category to student visa following the same requirements
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• As of SY 2006-2007, there are 1,6791,679 HEIs
– 11%11% public HEIs : 176 : – 111SUCs– 50 LUCs– 15 OGSs, SSs
– 89%89% private HEIs ( 1,503 )
• As of 2006, total enrolment is approximately 2.4 million2.4 million• More than 400,000 graduates per yearMore than 400,000 graduates per year
• HEIs offer broad range of programs: associate, diploma, baccalaureate, and graduate degree courses
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• As of SY 2004-2005, Business AdministrationBusiness Administration and related programs account for the highest enrolment : 516,927516,927
• Among the 9 priority disciplines, Medical and Allied Medical and Allied professionsprofessions has the highest enrolment : 445,729445,729
• Other popular programs: – Education and Teacher Training– Engineering and Technology– ITN.B. IN 2007, THE ENROLLMENT IN MEDICAL &
ALLIED PROFFESIONS : OVER 600,000
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• As of SY 2004-2005, there were about 431,689 431,689 graduates, a greater number as compared to SY 2003-2004
• Business AdministrationBusiness Administration and related programs account for the highest number of graduates – 101,119101,119
• Among the 9 priority disciplines, Education and Teacher Education and Teacher TrainingTraining has the highest number of graduates – 80,19980,199
• Other popular programs: – Engineering and Technology– Medical and Allied professions– IT
• As of 2004-2005, there were 1,625 1,625 ETEEAP graduates– 956 956 – Criminal Justice Education graduates
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• As of CY 2006, there are 4 4 University Systems• St. Paul University System• University of Perpetual Help System• University of Rizal System• University of the Philippines System
• 133 133 HEIs were granted University Status• 49 49 public• 84 84 private
• 4040 HEIs were granted Autonomous Status (2001-2003)• 3939 HEIs were granted Deregulated Status (2001-2003)
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem
• As of CY 2006, there are 1,560 1,560 Accredited programs HEIs
• Level IV – 2 2 (ADMU & DLSU)(ADMU & DLSU) • Level III – 186 186 • Level II – 1,0571,057• Level I – 317317
• 40 40 HEIs were awarded COE/COD for Science and Math
• 27 27 public• 13 13 private
• 1616 HEIs were awarded as COD• 11 11 public• 5 5 private
• 2121 HEIs were awarded as COE• 14 14 public• 7 7 private
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• There are currently 8282 Maritime HEIs compliant with STCW’95 for BSMT and 6969 for BSMarE nationwide
• Regions VI and NCR have the most number of compliant Maritime HEIs
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• As of SY 2005-2006, there were 21,060 21,060 scholarship grantees, a much lower number than SY 2003-2004 which had 52,01352,013 total grantees
• There are 4,8364,836 foreign students in the country– Majority of which are:
• Koreans – 1,1921,192 • Chinese – 851851 • American – 681681 • Iranian – 478478 • Taiwanese – 376376 • Indian – 238238
SITUATIONERSITUATIONER
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• PROGRAMS Quantitative and Qualitative Mismatch Specialization of Curricular Offerings
• FACULTY Enhancing Quality of Instruction Improving Qualifications of Faculty Augmenting Plantilla items for teachers Increasing compensation packages
• FINANCE/ RESOURCES Need to engage in IGPs due to dwindling gov’t.
subsidy
• GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK Amendment of RA 8292 & OTHER LAWS
ISSUES AND CONCERNSISSUES AND CONCERNS
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• Limit enrolment for popular courses• Attract enrollees for programs that are
relevant and responsive in today’s industry needs thru scholarships, grants and other forms of incentives
• Establish graduate school tie-ups with foreign universities
Quantitative and Qualitative MismatchQuantitative and Qualitative Mismatch
Approaches:
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System
• Close down or phase-out programs with low performance in licensure exams
• Re-engineer curricula to make it IT-enabled, market responsive and globally competitive
• Adopt/ Implement the Ladderized Education System ( EO 358 )
• Offer Distance / Open Learning programs
Quality & Relevance of Curricular OfferingsQuality & Relevance of Curricular Offerings
Approaches:
Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System