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“The only possible benefit of NOT planning is that disasters will come as a complete surprise and will, therefore, not be preceded by long periods of paranoia and depression!”
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PANDEMIC & EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS FOR FIRST NATIONS COMMUNITIES
Chris Hylton, CG Hylton & Associates [email protected] Toll Free Tel. 800 449-5866 or Tel 403 264-5288
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INFONEX: 11:30-12:30 Weds Feb 9 2011 Ottawa
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• People assume that in any disaster, government agencies will step in to save them: Hurricane
Katrina Report
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If you fail to plan…….
If you fail to plan…….
You have planned to fail!
You have planned to fail!
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“The only possible benefit of NOT planning is that disasters will come as a
complete surprise and will, therefore, not be preceded by long periods of paranoia
and depression!”
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Global Trends in Major Disasters
Source: Environment Canada
Source: 2009 SUMA CONVENTION
Why Prepare?6
Tornadoes Severe Snow
Storms Blackouts Floods Chemical
Spills Fire Explosion Water outage
Power outageComputer system failureFlood: External and internalFuel LeakBomb incidentCivil disorderWorkplace Violence IncidentBarricade / hostage incident
Duty to Act - Planning7
Governments & Corporations in Canada have “Due Diligence” obligations to plan for the protection/support of their populations, clients, and personnel: Moral Ethical Financial Legislated
Disaster Planning8
What is it? Why do it? What is the end product?
Your employees:9
1. How many employees will show up? Remember they have their own families to take care of and their own issues
2. Where do they live?3. Are they affected directly by the event?4. Do you have a plan to evacuate
responding employees should the situation worsen?
5. Do you have a plan to compensate those who do respond?
Essential Services10
Can you maintain them and how? Gas Electricity Water Communications
(Remember you are dependant upon others to provide certain services)
Expect:11
Emergency Services will be busy and/or possibly overwhelmed, and you may not see them for some time
More then one Emergency Situation may be present
Panic and chaos Criminals attempting to take advantage
of the situation
Where to Start?12
Form a committee Find previous plans, if available Know legal and other requirements Perform risk assessment Collect information Develop procedures Write the plan Distribute plan Train staff Continue to modify plan
Form a Committee13
Establish authority Leadership buy-in Make the committee membership
representative of the entire organization
Appoint one person to head the committee
Give each committee member specific assignments
Ensure all committee members understand their purpose and responsibilities
Find Previous Plans, if any
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Save time by starting with previous plans
Review previous plans for accuracy Use plans to determine what needs
work Keep plans (especially electronic
versions) for use when writing the updated plan
If there is no previous plan, look at a plan from another agency or institution
Collect Information15
Important phone numbers Emergency (fire, police, etc.) Staff (work, home, cell)
Internal resources (building information, supplies)
External resources (insurance, recovery services)
Information systems Analysis from risk assessment Salvage priorities (vital records list) Past disaster plans or examples of
disaster plans
Develop Procedures16
Evacuation procedures (with maps) Emergency procedures Disaster procedures Recovery procedures Other incident procedures Shut down procedures / security check
lists Who will talk to media, families,
children
Write the Plan17
A disaster plan is actually a set of plans List of key personnel (with contact
information) Building information (emergency systems,
etc.) Emergency services (with contact
information) Salvage priorities (vital records) Procedures (evacuation, emergency,
disaster, recovery, other incidents, shut down/security check)
Information systems (with backup information)
List of supplies
Use centralized control by one person for the plan
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Role of Manager Planners Coordinators Know who to call Training
Train Staff19
A disaster plan will not function without a trained staff to follow the plan
Training could include: Reading the plan Lecture / Discussion Demonstration / Simulation
Training could cover: Use of fire extinguishers Evacuation routes Other specific procedures
Telephone fan out20
One calls five Each of five calls five Message gets out immediately What system do you have in place?
Have emergency maps handy
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At home at work Details of escape route Practise escape Have alternative escape route Practise alternative Have resource materials on hand for others, books on deathfor kids
Who will talk to media22
Lockdown24
Dangerous person in your midst Practise lockdown in the facility Locking doors Secure area Safety of children, clients
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Used with permission of Bob Thaves
H1N1, Bird Flu, SARS
Pandemic Emergencies
PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND
RESPONSE27
First, to minimize serious illness and overall deaths and second, to minimize societal disruption among Canadians as a result of an influenza pandemic.
Potential Source of Pandemic Influenza Virus
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Non-human
Virus
DIRECT
Human
Virus
Viruses are PROLIFIC and very PROMISCUOUS little
beggars!
Reassorted
virusType “A” may undergo major changes in “H” and/or “N” from genetic re-assortment which has
potential for pandemic influenza.
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Timeline of Emergence of Influenza A Viruses in Humans
1918 1957 1968 1977 19971998/9
2003
H1
H3H2
H7H5H5
H9
AvianInfluenza
H1
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Pandemics occur 3-4 times each century!
Unpredictable!
A constantly mutating virus!
If the H1N1 virus doesn’t cause a pandemic, another one will!
History31
10 Pandemics in Last 300 years1918-1919: Spanish Flu (H1N1)
Attack Rate 25% (High mortality in the young) 40 million deaths in less than 1 year
1957-1958: Asian Flu (H2N2) Attack Rate 25% - 30% 1 million deaths (High elder mortality)
1968-1969: Hong Kong Flu (H3N2) Attack Rate 20% - 25% (High elder and higher
adult mortality) 1 million deaths
Swine Flu deaths - 26 per 100,000
10 Pandemics in Last 300 years1918-1919: Spanish Flu (H1N1)
Attack Rate 25% (High mortality in the young) 40 million deaths in less than 1 year
1957-1958: Asian Flu (H2N2) Attack Rate 25% - 30% 1 million deaths (High elder mortality)
1968-1969: Hong Kong Flu (H3N2) Attack Rate 20% - 25% (High elder and higher
adult mortality) 1 million deaths
Swine Flu deaths - 26 per 100,000
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It won’t hurt a bit
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Diverse location of Aboriginal Communities
Federal MOH needs jurisdiction and legal powers to access information in order to conduct efficient surveillance (vigilance) and
To implement efficient control measures (intervention)
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Bands : 615 Registered Indians: 763,555 On-reserve : 404,117
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Possibility of « designated authority » from provincial Public Health Acts to federal Regional Medical Officers (RMOs) in the Provinces
Source : Jean-François Savard, Office of Community Medicine, 2007
Basic Hygiene37
Hand washing Sneezing Sanitizer Hand shaking School open School closed
“EVEN HEROES NEED TO TALK.”
One of the marketing slogans for Project Liberty, New York’s post-9/11 Crisis Counseling Program
Mental Health
Role of Employee Assistance Plan (EAP)
Physical Reactions39
Fatigue, exhaustion Gastrointestinal distress Appetite change Tightening in throat, chest, or stomach Worsening of existing medical
conditions Somatic complaints
Emotional Reactions40
Depression, sadness Irritability, anger, resentment Anxiety, fear Despair, hopelessness Guilt, self-doubt Unpredictable mood swings Feeling overwhelmed Apathy
Cognitive Reactions41
Confusion, disorientation Recurring dreams or nightmares Preoccupation with disaster Trouble concentrating or remembering
things Difficulty making decisions Questioning spiritual beliefs
Behavioral Reactions42
Sleep problems Crying easily Avoiding reminders Excessive activity level Increased conflicts with family Hyper-vigilance, startle reactions Isolation or social withdrawal Changes in appetite
Chronic Stressors43
Family disruption Work overload Gender differences Bureaucratic hassles Financial constraints
Encourage Responders to:
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Drink plenty of water and eat healthy snacks Take frequent, brief breaks from the scene as
practicable especially if they are coming home to work in a first responder capacity
Talk about their emotions to process what they have seen and done
Stay in touch with family and friends Participate in memorials, rituals, and use of
symbols as a way to express feelings Pair up with another responder to monitor one
another’s stress
Strategies in Response45
Self-care Peer Support Humor Decide to talk Seek help from credible and trusted
sources Get extra rest Use constructive coping strategies
Strategies in Recovery46
Long term assessment for risk JournalingPractice “relapse prevention”Lifestyle and health promotionRole models/partnering/mentoring
Our offer to you47
Please call if you have any HR, or workplace issue that you are overwhelmed with
We can help you
We also are pleased to do Free Workshops for your organization (some limits apply) Let us know what your needs are and we will make it happen!
CG Hylton - Services
HR Consulting Job Descriptions Salary Grids Wellness at Work Staff Morale Training and
Workshops
Benefits, Pensions,
EAP Strategic
Planning Drug and
Alcohol programs
Dept re-orgs Leadership
compensation48
Tel 403 264 [email protected]
