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Options for South-South cooperation on transport

NAMA’s – Large Commercial Vehicles Renovation

Experiences in Colombia and México

Holger Dalkmann and Dario Hidalgo EMBARQ Hilda Martínez, Sayel Cortés, Gabriela Niño EMBARQ-CTS

MexicoA GIZ TRANSfer Program Study

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Where do I find suitable experience on Transport NAMA?

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Here? (Bangalore, India)

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Here? (Durban, South Africa)

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Background

Interest of the Government of Colombia tackling climate change and access international support

Freight Transport in Colombia: 12% of total emissions, 33% of energy related emissions.

Interested in developing a NAMA on the existing fleet replacement program for large commercial vehicles

Learn from the experience of other emerging economy (Mexico)

Existing project enables support (GIZ – BMU – ICI)

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Colombia – Current SituationFreight

95% is road based

Fleet average age: 22 years

71% trucks are 10+ years old

45% trucks are 20+ years old

Freight transport

37% oil consumption

2.9 Mton of CO2 (2008)

http://images.travelpod.com/tw_slides/ta00/e5d/12c/c-camion-tipico-de-colombia-pereira.jpg

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Colombia – Current Situation

Urban Transport

Semi-informal, competition on the street for passengers, poor quality

Estimated fleet oversupply 45%

Fleet average 10+ years old

National programs co-funding urban transport reform in several cities

www.mintransporte.gov.co

Mass Transit 8 Large Cities

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Colombia – Freight Transport renovation program

Established in 2008

New vehicles need to replace old ones or pay a “scrapping fee”

~USD 100 million collected (2008 and April, 2011)

~4000 scrapped vehicles

~46,800 tons/year of CO2 reduced

http://noticiasrevistanuevomilenio.blogspot.com/2011/08/programa-de-chatarrizacion-de-camiones.html

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Key Barriers in the Colombian renovation fleet programs

(Lack of) Institutional capacity at the managing agencies

Complex process, specially difficult for individual owners (majority)

Funding depends on new vehicles being added (“scrapping fee”)

Leakage due to loopholes in regulation and difficulties in controlling actual scrapping

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Mexico – Freight and Passenger Transport renovation program

Started in 2008

Freight vehicles 10+ years old and Passenger 8+ years old receive credit for up to 15% to buy a new vehicle

15,050 vehicles scrapped

USD 215 million USD

Savings

~892 million of liters of diesel

~2.25 Mtons of CO2

http://www.eltotonacapan.com/nota/12835/transporte-pblico-va-sobre-camiones-chatarra.html

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Mexican vs Colombian Renovation Programs

Similar needs – similar problemsObsolete fleets

Dispersed ownership (one man-one truck/bus)

Poor registry

Key differencesFunding sources: Colombia private, Mexico public

Institutional settings: Colombia separate for trucks (national) and buses (local); Mexico common federal program

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Lessons from Mexico

Funding source: Money at front from public sources

Management through a trust fund; use over several years

Improved information and registry:

complete database

proof of scrapping

Registry of new vehicles and its usage (to report actual impacts)

Targeting small owners with appropriate financial tools

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Where do I find suitable experience on Transport NAMA?

Bilateral agency as an Facilitator, Funder, Enabler (GIZ- BMU – ICI)

Local Center with a international network (EMBARQ)

Policy Maker as key stakeholder (Mexico, Colombia)

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1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Cities with BRT/Bus Corridors

Bogotá TransMilenioLos Angeles Metrorapid

Curitiba

Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -ChinaJaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia

Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UKJoão Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - ColombiaEstado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada

Bogotá TransMilenioLos Angeles Metrorapid

Curitiba

Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -ChinaJaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia

Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UKJoão Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - ColombiaEstado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada

Bogotá TransMilenioLos Angeles Metrorapid

Curitiba

Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -ChinaJaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia

Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UKJoão Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - ColombiaEstado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada

Source: EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January, 2011

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830 km

6 kmSource: CTS Brasil, EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January, 2011

About 120 cities with BRT or bus corridors 4,335 km - 6,683 stations – 30,000 buses

26.8 million passengers per weekday

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La Asociación Latinoamericana de Sistemas Integrados y BRT (SIBRT) trabaja por el desarrollo y la mejora de la calidad del transporte público urbano en la

región.

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Barriers in south- south cooperation

Lack of funding

Lack of programs

Examples often North-South

‘Northern’ expertise sometimes higher valued 

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Success FactorsCountries interested in apply policies that have been successful in countries with the same type of development.

International cooperation agencies and multilateral development banks role as Enabler  

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Success FactorsSimilar problems- similar needs:

South -south cooperation is very effective as conditions, issues,  institutional settings, barriers and opportunities are similar

  

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OpportunitiesEstablish a south – south knowledge sharing network

Create synergies for the development of transport NAMAs

Create funding opportunities

Leverage funding from multilateral development banks or international cooperation agencies

  

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Thank you for your attention!

Holger Dalkmann Email: hdalkmann@wri.orgDarío Hidalgo Email: DHidalgo@wri.org

Hilda Martínez Email: hmartinez@ctsmexico.org

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Questions?

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Colombia – Urban Transport Programs

Strategic Public Transportation Systems (SETP)• Improves public transportation systems in 12 middle-sized cities

(250,000-600,000 inhabitants).• Includes restructuring local public transportation and fee collection

systems, develop traffic light systems and operation management systems, revise fee calculation methodology and constructing any required infrastructure

• Started in 2009 with 7 cities and aprox. 1.1 million USD (76.1% comes from public funding, the rest from private sources).

• As part of this program, public transport fleets will be reduced since oversupply has been identified in all cities.

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Colombia – Passenger transport renovations

programsMass Transportation Systems (Sistemas de Transporte Masivos, STM)• Mass Transportation Systems are used to organize

transportation in big cities. o Currently working: Bogotá, Pereira, Cali, Barranquilla,

Bucamarangao Under development: Cartagena and Medellíno Planning stage: Cúcuta

• The implementation of these systems always includes renovation programs which varies in each city.o As an example, Bogotá's Transmilenio system had by 2002 taken

out aprox 1,500 vehicles. This number increased to 6,014 by 2009.

Sources:• Transmilenio: Sistema Integrado de Transporte Masivo (Bogotá, Colombia). Experiencia seleccionada del Concurso de Buenas Prácticas, 2002. 26-06-2002

http://habitat.aq.upm.es/bpal/onu02/bp129.html consultado 09/11/11.• EMBARQ, Evaluación Ex-post. Sistema de Transporte Masivo de Bogotá, Fases I y II, Informe 4, Noviembre, 2009