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By Miguel Cortinas and Ryan Longo Optical Illusions

Optical Illusions

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Page 1: Optical Illusions

By Miguel Cortinas and Ryan Longo

Optical Illusions

Page 2: Optical Illusions

Main Objective

• Explain the idea of optical illusions and their cause.

Page 3: Optical Illusions

Introduction to Optical Illusions

• Optical Illusion- (visual illusion) caused by visually perceived images that differ from reality.

• The information gathered by the eye is processed in the brain to give a perception that does not match up with the physical measurement of the stimulus source.

• Three main types: Literal, Physiological, and Cognitive.

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Literal Illusions

• Literal optical illusions are images that differ from the objects that create them.

• Artists may use objects such as fruit or foliage to create a portraiture or scenery.

Page 5: Optical Illusions

Physiological Illusions

• Physiological illusions are the effects on the eyes and brain of excessive stimulation of a specific type.

• Artists may use color or movement to confuse the viewers' eyes and brains.

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Cognitive Illusions• Cognitive illusions are

where the eye and brain make unconscious inferences.

• They can also be known as "mind games".

• Perspective and color heavily influence this genre.

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Idea of Optical Illusions

• When we witness an illusion, we perceive something that does not correspond to what is actually out there—what exists in the real world.

• Illusions fool us! They convince us of things that are not true.

• Dictionary definitions of illusion usually state that an illusion is a sensory perception that causes a false or distorted impression, or a misrepresentation of a "real" sensory stimulus.

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Illusions

• Illusion is a kind of wrong perception.

• In an illusion, an external stimulus is always present. In other words, illusions are caused by external stimulations.

• Illusions are almost universal.

• The same situation arouses the same type of illusion in most people.

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Hallucinations

• Hallucination is a false perception.

• During hallucinations, no external stimulus is present. Hallucinations are caused by internal stimulations.

• A hallucination is seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling or feeling things that do not really exist.

• Certain drugs can cause hallucinations.

• Certain mental illnesses can cause hallucinations.

• People who have hallucinations are not necessarily ill.

• Lack of sleep can also cause hallucinations.

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Don’t Believe Your Eyes• Illusions are misperceptions that are perceived by most

people, and are based on a specific stimulus received under certain conditions.

• Some experiments with animals indicate that several species of mammals and birds are "fooled" by illusions in much the same way we are.

• Illusions are different from both hallucinations and delusions.

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ExamplesThis just looks like a normal triangle right? But where does it end?

At first look this cube looks fine, but look at the center stem.

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Is It A Rabbit or A Duck??

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Evaluation Questions

1. What is an optical illusion?

2. What are the causes of optical illusions?

3. What are the 3 types of illusions?

4. How do optical illusions differ from hallucinations and delusions?

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Any Questions???

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Bibliography• Block, J. (n.d.). What is an Illusion?.sandlotscience.com

. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from http://www.sandlotscience.com/EyeonIllusions/whatisanillusion.htm• Nierenberg, C. (n.d.). Optical Illusions: When Your Brain Can't

Believe Your Eyes. ABC News. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from http://abcnews.go.com/Health/EyeHealth/optical-illusions-eye-brain-agree/story?id=8455573• Nin, A. (n.d.). Causes of Optical Illusions.buzzle.com

. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/causes-of-optical-illusions.html