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MENTAL WORKLOAD
Hillon I. GoaSeta A. Wicaksana
Humanika Consulting
What is Mental Workload?
Why measure it?Performance limitsPredict top performance
TasksCognitive/perceptualmultiple
Tasks with High mental workload?
High Air traffic control Pilot Military command
& control Nuclear power
plant operator anesthesiologist
N/A Computer
programmer College professor Mathematician Technical writer
Key Elements for High mental workload tasks
Stimulus driven not self paced
Large fluctuations in demand Multiple simultaneous tasks High stress/High
consequence
Workload & ArousalYerkes-Dobson law
Low arousal Low performance
Moderate arousal High performance
Over arousal Low performance
Basic approaches to measuring mental workload Analytic
Task difficultyNumber of simultaneous tasks
Task performancePrimary taskSecondary task
Physiological (arousal/effort) Subjective assessment
Measuring MWLAnalyticTracking
Queuing
SAINT
TaskUnitary
Bottle neck
Multiple
Mixed
Physiological
SubjectiveCooper-HarrisSWATNASA
Analytic Models
Tracking models predict based on systems dynamics
Queuing models predict on the basis of task co-occurrence
SAINT / microSAINT best developed queuing models
Resources/Attention Some limited capacity
Unitary: task always depletes common pool by a constant amount
Multiple: task depletes pools of resources to varying degrees
Mixed: cost of sharing even for highly dissimilar resources
Simplified HIP Model
Unconscious/Automatic Processes
Working Memory
Long
Term
Memory
AttentionS
E
N
S
O
R
Y
S
T
O
R
E
Physiological Measures heart rate: sinus
arrhythmia blood pressure respiratory rate variability tidal volume ventilation galvanic skin response evoked response
amplitude evoked response latency
evoked response latency
electroencehpalogram, spectral components time domain, flicker fusion frequency pupil diameter electromyograms electrooculograms
Subjective Workload Measures Cooper-Harris
Manual control characteristics SWAT
Dimension based instrument NASA
6-D assessment scales
TERIMA KASIH …