INDIA/US COLLABORATIONSOBAMA NOVEMBER VISITInstitute of Future

20 October 2010

Naren Bakshi

AGENDA

My Journey in US Background US/India

Historical context, since independence, SV, and Presidential visits

Preparation for Obama Visit: White House delegation to India in September What was the focus: Renewable Energy, IT

infrastructure, Education What did we see: Some examples Continued impact of SV

Roadmap for future: Next decade

MY PERSONAL JOURNEY BS in India Came to Berkeley in 1966 with $ 8:

MS, MBA Seventies: Proved as professional Eighties as Managers, Executives, CIO Nineties as Entrepreneurs; Created

Versata as public company which reached $ 1 Billion Valuation

Now; very actively involved citizen making a difference in adopted country as well as in the Country of birth

2010: Great honor and privilege to be asked by White House to represent US interests in India

BACKGROUND US/INDIA: HISTORICAL

Columbus Voyage British heritage, US independence India Independence: Parliamentary, Secular

democracy Questionable start: Would democracy survive?

Illiterate population, was not a united country for 2 millennium

Diverse in every dimensions: Languages, religions, races, income, education, culture, etc., etc.,

Has only survived due to democracy! Deep rooted now Sikh prime minister, Women president, Muslim

vice president, Roman catholic women from Italy is heading the ruling congress party

BACKGROUND US/INDIA: SINCE INDEPENDENCE

Bad start with India’s division: Blamed UK for this.

Nehru wanted non-alignment and socialism Cold war and Kashmir drove India to USSR But, Kennedy was very inspiring and opening

happened for immigration in 1960’s From few Indians in 60’s to now 3 Million

Indo-Americans in US Major contributions to US and opened the

channel of communications and collaborations

BACKGROUND US/INDIA: SILICON VALLEY AND ITS IMPACT

Silicon Valley has had deep impact around the world to promote innovation and merit based, inclusive culture: Inspires people around the world

TiE: Created in SV in 1992 to Foster Entrepreneurship around the World: now in 13 countries with 55 chapters. In India TiE help create Bangalore as SV of India Helped in Opening Telecom, VC, and Economic

Freedom ( Free trade) Tremendous continued opportunities to impact

the world: Two way flow of capital, trade, human capital Bottom of Pyramid innovation

BACKGROUND US/INDIA: PRESIDENTIAL VISITS Eisenhower 59, Nixon 69, Carter 78 Clinton was a big hit: Big PR impact Bush made a big impact:

Decouple relations equality between Pakistan and India: Pushed Pakistan to fight terrorism

Pushed for Nuclear treaty Deeper trade : Trade Policy Forum Was highly accepted in India

Obama continues the push for synergy Separate AF/Pak team from India team Visiting India and not Pakistan Looking for deepening synergistic

relations within the democratic framework

WHITE HOUSE DELEGATION: SEPT., 2010 US/India view bilateral relations to be

highest importance: What can be done besides Defense, Terrorism/Foreign Policy to boost synergy? 1. Identify highest leverage opportunities

that are going to be perceived good for both countries

2. Narrowed down Focus to Education, Renewable Energy, and IT during this visit

3. Selected team of six US business leaders along with White House CTO, Hillary Clinton Senior Advisor, and Embassy leaders

4. Visited many projects and had discussions with the highest levels of Indian leaders ( Government, Political and Business)

5. Identify specific projects: Some examples, and work in progress

Aneesh Chopra First CTO of US

Promoting technology, Innovation, Connectivity to SV

RENEWABLE ENERGY IN VILLAGES: TILONIYA BAREFOOT COLLEGE

The entire village is solar powered All work is being done by village

people Educate rural children Preservation and accessibility for

water Run their own Radio network to

teach in local languages Producing solar lanterns in the

village all by women with no college education

Training women from 6 countries in Africa

AADHAR, UNIQUE ID PROJECT: IT/E-GOVERNANCE

Unique ID Project ($ 6-30 Billion Project) : Far reaching implications on use of IT Impact 1.2 Billion people database, unique

in the world Bio-metric state of the arts, cloud

computing, easy to use, multi language, highly secure

Impact on broadest set of services for all citizens, social, political impact

Provides for large scale business and technological opportunities

Entrepreneurial volunteer lead the work Success will have role model effect around

the world!

Nandan Nilekani, co-Founder of Infosys and lots of volunteers from SV

E-PANCHAYAT: IT/ E-GOVERNANCE Connecting 230,000 villages Technologies: Most modern mostly

from US: Fiber, Wi-Max, SAN, Large scale data bases, open architecture, Linux, Oracle, IBM servers

Large opportunities for Entrepreneurs in US and India

Multi-layer: Village, District, State, and Central

Services: Administration, Taxes, Welfare, Civic, Disaster support, education, entertainment and communications

Tremendous social, and political impact: Transparent and open government

Delegation Visit: Kanpura Village

IT INFRASTRUCTURE : AFFORDABLE INNOVATION FOR NEXT 2 BILLION

Many attempts to reach the bottom 2 Billion with affordable computing and communication

In India Cell Phone has reached masses bypassing land lines: 670 million phones lower cost and higher quality core technology is US, manufacturing China but

application innovation in India with global Many attempts to bring the cost of computing

device to below US 100 essential to reach masses Novatium as one example

US VC Funded company Using Cloud computing thin client, SaaS concept Much easier to use Proven and now funded by Ericsson for global expansion

EDUCATION REVOLUTION IN BOTH COUNTRIES NEEDED Paradigm shift from teacher centric rigid learning

paradigm to Learner centric flexible 24x7 paradigm with life long learning

Web 2.0 applications in learning: YouTube, collaborative, peer to peer,

Open content initiative : eg., Khan Academy, MIT, Curriwiki

Major Structural issues in both countries Accountability, Unions, rigidity, teacher training,

standards?, employability, decentralized decision making ( 15000 school districts)

US; motivation for STEM Not reaching bottom of the pyramid

Technology must play a more important role for quality, accessibility and costs

SKILLS DEVELOPMENT FOR MASSES: EXAMPLE: RKCL

Trained 150,000 people at the Bottom of Pyramid in 2 years through 1200 centers through entrepreneurial model at $ 70 per student with no subsidy or brick and mortar infrastructure

Using MKCL, Cambridge and other partners

E-learning, video on demand, testing, certification, administration all on line

Employability skills: Computer literacy, retail, financial, accounting, English, and even soft skills

Local languages

EXAMPLE OF A NEW START UP : EDUBRITE Started in SV by highly qualified IT

team Focus: Next generation of Social

collaborative learning platform Have audacity to challenge likes of

Kaplan, Princeton review, Blackboard Creating Universally accessible

assessment platform for teachers and students

Experimenting in both in India and US with early customers: Where would be early success first?

Running a community site Tenplustwo.com for test preparation in India being experimented

Who would be investors: US based VC’s in SV or US based VC’s in India or Indian angels?

TIE RAJASTHAN: IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURS ON ECOSYSTEM Started in 2002 with inspiration from SV From 7 IT companies to 250 with

presence of many large companies like Infosys, Genpect, Wipro, Deutsche Bank with large impact on professional jobs

Impact of IT on all traditional industries including jewelry, carpets, handicrafts, mining, tourism, healthcare

Big increase in IT sales with US companies like Cisco, Intel, Microsoft as beneficiaries

Connectivity of Entrepreneurs with Valley

White House Delegation Town Hall meeting with Entrepreneurs

OPPORTUNITIES FOR NEXT DECADE Much stronger collaboration would have taken place

Many US Universities and companies will be in India Many more joint ventures between US/India companies will be

serving in the emerging and underdeveloped World Many more US people and businesses will be in India

India would become much larger trade partner with many more reforms in India: Five fold increase in 10 years to $ 45 Billion

Technology: US will remain leader in core technologies with India focused on affordable innovations Mobile computing and Tablets would be everywhere Serious breakthroughs in Renewable energy Biotech, and healthcare breakthroughs with Eastern medicine

Further flattening of the world with crowd-sourcing, telemedicine, health and wellness initiatives

India would have more clearly emerge as the South Asian regional power with new UN and IMF structures in place helping ease situation for US