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GLASS IONOMERGLASS IONOMER
These tooth-coloured materials were introduced in 1972 for use as restorative materials for anterior teeth (particularly for eroded areas, Class III and V cavties).
bond chemically to dental hard tissues and release fluoride for a relatively long period
restoration of carious lesions in low-stress areas such as smooth-surface and small anterior proximal cavities in primary teeth
GICs are commonly classified into four principal types:
GICs are commonly classified into four principal types:
Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements
GICs are commonly classified into four principal types:
Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements
Hybrid Ionomer Cements (Also known as Light or Chemical Cured Resin-modified Glass Ionomer or Dual-cured Glass Ionomer Cements)
Tri-cure Glass Ionomer Cements
Tri-cure Glass Ionomer Cements
Metal-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cements
Composition and preparation
Composition and preparation
GIC Powder
Composition and preparation
GIC Powderpowder is an acid-soluble
calcium fluoroaluminosilicate glass (similar to that of silicate) but with a higher alumina-silicate ratio that increases its reactivity with liquid.
fluoride
fluoride Lanthanum, Strontium,
Barium or Zinc Oxide additives provide radioopacity.
the raw materials are:
the raw materials are: Silica 41.9%
the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6%
the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6%
the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6% Calcium Fluoride 15.7%
the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6% Calcium Fluoride 15.7% Sodium Fluoride 9.3%
the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6% Calcium Fluoride 15.7% Sodium Fluoride 9.3% Aluminum Phosphate 3.8%
GIC Liquid
GIC LiquidOriginally, the liquids for GIC
were aqueous solutions of polyacrylic acid in a concentration of about 40 to 50%.
GIC LiquidOriginally, the liquids for GIC
were aqueous solutions of polyacrylic acid in a concentration of about 40% to 50%.
The liquid consists of acid is in the form of co-polymer with itaconic, maleic or tricarboxylic acids.
Tartaric acid is also present in the liquid. It improves handling characteristics and increases the working time, but it shortens the setting time.
Manipulation:
Manipulation:1. Surface of the prepared tooth
must be clean and dry
Manipulation:1. Surface of the prepared tooth
must be clean and dry2. The consistency of the mixed
cement must allow complete coating of the surface irregularities
3. Excess cement must be remove at the appropriate time
3. Excess cement must be remove at the appropriate time
4. The surface must be finished without excessive drying
3. Excess cement must be remove at the appropriate time
4. The surface must be finished without excessive drying
5. Protection of the restoration surface must be ensured to prevent cracking or dissolution.
The conditions are similar for lutting applications, except that no surface finishing is needed.
Setting Time:
Setting Time:GIC TYPE 1 - 5-7minutes
Setting Time:GIC TYPE 1 - 5-7minutes GIC TYPE 2 - within 10minutes
Advantages:
Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth
structure
Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth
structure High retention rate
Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth
structure High retention rate Little shrinkage and good
marginal seal
Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth
structure High retention rate Little shrinkage and good
marginal seal Fluoride release and hence
caries inhibition
Biocompatible
Biocompatible Minimal cavity preparation
required hence easy to use on children in and suitable for use even in absence of skilled dental manpower and facilities (such as in ART)
Disadvantages
Disadvantages: Brittle
Disadvantages: Brittle Soluble
Disadvantages: Brittle Soluble Abrasive
Disadvantages: Brittle Soluble Abrasive Water sensitive during setting
phase.
Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC
Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC
Not inherently radiopaque though addition of radiodense additives such as barium can alter radiodensity
Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC
Not inherently radiopaque though addition of radiodense additives such as barium can alter radiodensity
Less aesthetic then composite
Uses:
Uses: Type I - For luting cements
Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations
Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases
Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases Type IV - Fissure sealants
Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases Type IV - Fissure sealants Type V - Orthodontic Cements
Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases Type IV - Fissure sealants Type V - Orthodontic Cements Type VI - Core build up