Innovation,knowledge management & productivity laxammal college,chennai jan 14

Wishing You All A Very Happy &

Prosperous New Year 2014

Your Academic & Professional Well-wisher

Prof. K. Subramanian

“Innovation, Knowledge Management & Productivity : Importance in the Arena of

Big Data and Cloud computing" Prof. K. Subramanian

SM(IEEE), SMACM, FIETE, SMCSI,MAIMA,MAIS,MCFE,M(ISACA)USAAcademic Advocate ISACA USA) in India

Life Visiting Professor, Commonwealth Open University (UK)Professor & Former Director, Advanced Center for Informatics & Innovative Learning (ACIIL), IGNOU

HON.TT Adviser to CAG of India Ex-DDG(NIC), Min of Communications & Information Technology

Former President, Cyber Society of India Founder President, eInformation Systems Security Audit Association (eISSA), India

Laxmiammal Engineering College LectureChennai ,

3rd January, 2014

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What is Innovation

Develop an idea that can be of social

and/or commercial use to mankind

10/7/2013 PHD chamber's Lecture on World habitat Day 3


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JC Bose Wireless

communication 1894

Archimedes

Sushrutha / Charaka

Yoga

Kanad _ atomics

Bhaskara _ algebra

Nagarjuna_Chemistry

Bharadwaj _ Aviation


http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_ibI3nQ6S_Co/TRNUCLeFJoI/AAAAAAAAAOg/5FkqAlh-BDg/s1600/Scientist+JC+Bose.JPG

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Where are you India ?

INTERNETTimothy B Lee

CELL PHONEMartin Cooper



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Macaulay


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Formal Degree matters ? Ratan Tata

◦ BS Architecture (62) / Adv Mgmnt Prog Harvard (75) Mukesh Ambani

◦ BE Chemical, 1 yr (of 2) MBA Stanford Anil Ambani

◦ MBA Deepak Parekh (HDFC) – CA Kumar Mangalam Birla – CA. MBA Narayana Murthy – BE(univ of Mysore), Mtech Anand Mahindra – MBA Stanford, Film Making Aziz Premji – Engineering Degree, Stanford Shiv Nadar – E&C Degree in Engg, Coimbatore Rahul Bhatia – Indigo – Bachelors in Electrical

Engg10/7/2013 PHD chamber's Lecture on World habitat Day 9


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•India has tremendous strengths to leverageknowledge for its development•Large critical mass of highly trained persons•Great strengths in ICT

•Great potential in innovation•However, it is not fully realizing this potential•Problems with the enabling environment•Lack of unifying vision and coordination to move on multiple fronts together to exploit potential

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Data point According to the Competitiveness Index

of the World Economic Forum, India ranks 4th in terms of the number of scientists and engineers available.

But it slips to 22nd when ranked by quality of scientific research.

It further slips to 28th when ranked by innovative potential.

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…when local universities provide a

strong model for tomorrow’s leaders..


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While universities are the greatest source of

technological innovation, there is a

gap between university and

industry… 17

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Skill Habit

That you can learn, practice it to perfection

That you keep repeating,Even unconsciously

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What to Innovate?

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Your Innovation

Products & Services

ProcessBusiness model

None of your

business

Everything else

Faster, Better, Cheaper – Fast food delivery

Value Chain, Eco-system -Wal-Mart, Dell

Finance, Billing, Customer service –Payment gateway, ATM

Features, New applications,New products, New services

Glass staircase

Ipad, Appstore, Opensource

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Companies re-define the priorities of business by demonstrating that the most important aspect of any company, large or small, is not always its material goods but the knowledge and expertise of its workers and the information held across the organization

“Companies… have a hard time distinguishing between the cost of paying people and the value of investing in them.”Thomas A. StewartEditor of the Harvard Business Review; former member of the Board of Editors of Fortune Magazine; and one of the “Fifty Most Influential Management Thinkers”

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knowledge, innovation and creativity are on the leading edge of the business landscape. How well leaders understand and strategically invest in intellectual capital to transform their organizations is already separating the "winners" from other, less successful organizations.

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“Of central importance is the changing nature of competitive advantage – not based on market position, size and power as in times past, but on the incorporation of knowledge into all of an organization’s activities.

Prof. Leif Edvinsson The worlds first Corporate Director of

Intellectual Capital, bringing the value of knowledge to the investment community

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Knowledge Navigation Ignorance Management Longitude Leadership

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Most management theory focuses on defining a desired end state, identifying the gap between that and the present and then seeking to close that gap. This approach has dominated process-based approaches (the ideal future outcome) and learning organization approaches (the idea future values) alike. Ten years on since the effective start of knowledge management as a recognizable management discipline, we are starting to realize that the unexpected is more likely to occur than any planned outcome and that planning can lead to a reduced capability to respond to opportunities as they arise.

“We always know more than we can say; we always say more than we can write down.”

Dave SnowdenFounder and Chief Scientific Officer of Cognitive Edge

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The decision support framework which lies at the heart of the approach has been recognized by several commentators as one of the first practical applications of complexity theory to management science and builds on earlier pioneering work in knowledge management.

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Caring more than others think is Wise Risking more than others think is safe Dreaming more than others think is Practical Expecting more than others think is Possible Imagining the Unimagined Reaching the Un-reached Empowering Workforce using ICE

Technologies

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EVOLUTION OF SOCIETIESEVOLUTION OF SOCIETIES

Raw material and Agricultural Products

Natural Natural ProductsProducts

Agriculture Society

Information Products

Explicit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge through networksthrough networks

Information Society

Innovative Innovative knowledge- knowledge-

IntensiveIntensiveProducts/ServicesProducts/Services

Knowledge Products

Knowledge Society

Industrial Products

Explicit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge (Technology) added (Technology) added ProductsProducts

Industrial Society

EC

ON

OM

IC G

RO

WT

H

SOCIETAL TRANSFORMATION

Value Addition

Innovation

Productivity

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KNOWLEDGE POWERED SOCIETYKNOWLEDGE POWERED SOCIETY

WEALTH GENERATION

• Employment Gen.

• High Productivity

• High Industrial Growth

• Empowerment of Weaker Sections

• Networked andTransparent Society

• Rural Prosperity

SOCIETAL TRANSFORMATION

• Tele Education• Tele Medicine• E-Governance, E-Commerce• Infotainment • Native Knowledge Products• Environment & Ecology• Agriculture Productivity

NATION’S SECURITY

• Intelligent & Autonomous Weapons

• Knowledge Sensors

• S/w dominated High Tech. products

• Info Warfare

• Dominant Battlefield Knowledge

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

• IT & Comn.

• Biotechnology

• Aerospace Tech.

• Smart Materials

• Ocean

• Related to Service Sector

Knowledge based Knowledge based

Systems & ProductsSystems & Products

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creation of technologies (~IPR Divide), diffusion of recent innovations (~digital

divide), diffusion of old innovations (~extension

divide) and diffusion of human skills (~educational

divide)

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New Environmental ChangesNew Environmental Changes SpaceSpace:: Real Space (Physical) Real Space (Physical) Cyber Space (Electronic) Cyber Space (Electronic) Ubiquitous Space (Cross Space)Ubiquitous Space (Cross Space) TimeTime:: Local Time Local Time Global time (Need) Global time (Need) through Real-time Systemsthrough Real-time Systems (Communication) (Communication) SpeedSpeed:: Mbps Mbps Gbps Gbps Tbps (Tera: 10 Tbps (Tera: 101212)) Pbps (Peta: 10Pbps (Peta: 101515) () (Velocity of Light)Velocity of Light) MediaMedia:: Analog Analog Digital Digital Hybrid Hybrid SystemSystem::CentralizedCentralizedDistributedDistributed Integrated Integrated

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People People Appliances +Objects Appliances +ObjectsLocally Locally Remotely RemotelyFixed Fixed Mobile MobileWired Wired Wireless Wireless

ICT has changed many things around ICT has changed many things around

Many persons,one computer

Fewer personsper computer

One personper computer

One person,few computer

Era of Ubiquitous

Era of Ubiquitous

One person,many computer!!

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4th Wave of Environmental Changes 4th Wave of Environmental Changes

Primitive Society

AgriculturalSociety

IndustrialSociety

InformationSociety

1st Wave 2nd Wave 3rd Wave

AgriculturalRevolution(During SeveralThousands Years)

IndustrialRevolution(During SeveralHundreds Years)

InformationRevolution(During SeveralDecades)

UbiquitousUbiquitousSocietySociety

4th Wave

Integrated Integrated SpaceSpaceRevolutionRevolution(During (During SeveralSeveralYears)Years)

…"a new way of thinking about computers in the world, one that takes into account the natural human environment," Mark Weiser (1952-99, Palo Alto Research Center of Xerox Co.) hoped to create a new world in which people interacted with and used computers without thinking about them….

Intelligent Integration of Physical Space and Cyber Space by Ubiquitous Technology

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(1) Openning of labor market and workforce Openning of labor market and workforce mobilitymobility

(2) Reengineering systemsReengineering systems for adjustment against technological environment changes, and consideration of Global demands and employment.

New Trends of Knowledge Workforce

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(3) Creating and pursuing new Global trends with technology evolution such as

6T (IT, BT, NT, ET, CT and ST) 6T (IT, BT, NT, ET, CT and ST) Digital Cocooning, Digital Cocooning, Insperience (Indoor + Experience),Insperience (Indoor + Experience), Web Identity (Avata, MiniHome,…), Web Identity (Avata, MiniHome,…), Consumption Curator, Consumption Curator, Ubitizen (Ubiquitous + Citizen),Ubitizen (Ubiquitous + Citizen), DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting),DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting), TPS (Triple Play Service: TPS (Triple Play Service: Internet+Tel+BroadcatInternet+Tel+Broadcat)) Grid ComputingGrid Computing Ubiquitous TechnologyUbiquitous Technology

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JapanJapan: Global Leadership with Future-based High-tech in Media, : Global Leadership with Future-based High-tech in Media, Robot, BiotechRobot, Biotech

Rep. of KoreaRep. of Korea: Electronics, Car Manufacturing, Steel Production, : Electronics, Car Manufacturing, Steel Production, Semiconductors with strong IT infraSemiconductors with strong IT infra

TaiwanTaiwan: Strong Small Medium Industry: Strong Small Medium Industry ChinaChina: Rapid Growth Rate[9%], Right Wing of Super Growth Block: Rapid Growth Rate[9%], Right Wing of Super Growth Block IndiaIndia: Rapid Growth Rate[7-8%], Left Wing of Super Growth Block: Rapid Growth Rate[7-8%], Left Wing of Super Growth Block ASEANASEAN: : Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia,

Philippines, ……. Philippines, …….

(4) Creating and pursuing new Global trends in Works, Workforce and Workplace such as

Freeter (Free + Arbeiter),Freeter (Free + Arbeiter), Increasing freelancers as telecommutersIncreasing freelancers as telecommuters Unstable professionals :MD, Lawyers, CPA,Unstable professionals :MD, Lawyers, CPA, Mobilization of workforce across national bordersMobilization of workforce across national borders Advent Pan-Asia as a Super Growth BlockAdvent Pan-Asia as a Super Growth Block

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Toffler(1990) observed that a typical knowledge workers (i.e. all R&D scientists and engineers as well as technology managers) in the age of knowledge economy and knowledge society, must have some system (processes or methodology at their disposal) to create, process create, process and enhanceand enhance their own technological knowledge and in some cases also manage those of other co-workers.

1.1 Knowledge workers are the new capitalists

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The knowledge workforce development for Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW) environments with particular reference to knowledge workforce mobility across the Globe & opening up of the labor markets

The collaborative work in digital workplaces with emphasis on multicultural environments set new dimensions for the workers and the multinational organizations.

1.2 Knowledge workers in digital workplaces

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The workers in the Information era, can work anywhere with electronic connectivity and can work under flexible time schedules.

They are required to be innovative, learn quickly and continuously, work collaboratively, and be comfortable with experimentation and risk taking.

The main three components of the collaborated work environment in the IT oriented work place are digital work, digital workplaces, and digital digital work, digital workplaces, and digital workforceworkforce.

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CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work) holds great promise for the organizations through infusion of teamwork, effective networking and creating multilateral work environments

Digital Workplace

Digital Work

Digital Workforce

CSCWCSCW

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The platform of the Internet, and low-cost connectivity, the thing that is driving the most change is the improvement of the software that sits on top of that platform

• The technological oriented workforce is becoming available which is willing to use technology

• More collaboration, availability of information for 24 hours, and collaboration among organizations are some of the recent trends at the workplaces

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Workplace Trends

Economic Transformation

Competition in a Shrinking Workforce

One World of Business

Transparent Organization

Managers and the Workforce

Always on Always Connected

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Digital Digital Work Work StyleStyle

Unified Communicatio

n

Presence

Optimizing Supply Chains

Team Collaboration

Finding the Right

Information

Spotting Trends for Business Intelligence

Insight and Structured Workflow

Improving Personal

Productivity

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Digital WorkforceDigital Workforce

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CSCW taxonomy can easily be understood from the following matrix:

Asynchronous Synchronous

Same Place

• Project scheduling• In/Out board• Calendar system• Voice mail• Email

• LAN• Networked games• Whiteboards• Software

demonstrations

Distributed

• Email• Discussion boards• Web pages• Shared documents• FTP/ Shared drive

• Chat rooms• Net meeting• Video conference• Online games

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Own the means of Production

Totally Portable and Carry Enormous Value(ASSET)

Organization Need them than they need the Organization

Jobs Needs them Convert this knowledge into

Performance Productivity & increase the Capacity of the Organization

Carry valuable Experience

Knowledge grown with experience

Useful only at their Place of Work

They need a Job

Knowledge Workers Manual Workers

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Knowledge Workers&

Manual Workers

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More diagnostics before operation During Operation tackling emergency situation

if arises with speed, accuracy and right Judgment

But Surgery is a manual procedural work Repetitive Speed Accustomed to UniformityOperations are studied, organized, learned &

Practiced.

12/31/13kerala lectures june 13, KM

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Is the only way of keeping competitive edge in the

networked economy

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Needs continuous work restructuring and made part of the workflow system

Standardization of tools and equipment to obtain the highest quality at the lowest cost

Build Quality Control in the work flow System Overcoming the resistance

◦ From middle Level of Management◦ Change in task◦ Changes in the organization◦ Changes in the measurements◦ Change in attitudes are needed for full effectiveness.

How to Begin:◦ Requires change in the basic attitude of the worker and the

Organization

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kerala lectures june 13, KM 5212/31/13

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Create Nourish Sustain Retain Encourage

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Can either be bought or can be Sold They do not come with Merger &

Acquisition Greatest inherent Value rather than Market

Value

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Cost◦Reduced

◦ControlledAssets◦To Grow and Nurture

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Changing Perception of treating a worker as a Cost to an Asset to the Enterprise

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Productivity demand what is the task? KW should manage themselves—they have to

have more autonomy Continuing Innovation should be part of Work Continuous Learning & Continuous Teaching is

the requirement Productivity is not only the Quantity of Output

but also the Quality of Output Enterprise should treat KW as Assets rather

than Cost.

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To cover all type of Employees Must attract, hold and make productive

people and develop long-term relationship, knowledge.

Outside information-gather, analyze and filter and use & reuse.

Spot, Pat & Develop Change Agents Big Ideas-Fuse, Infuse & Diffuse

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Too much Creativity results in anarchy Too much command & control

Kills Creativity We Need a Balancing Act

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World is

moving towards Economy of Knowledge

from Economy of Goods

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Cloud computingModel for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources

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Cloud computingModel for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources

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Unified Governance Platform

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Operational RiskManagement

Financial Controls Management

IT Risk & Compliance

Management

Policy & ComplianceManagement

Internal AuditManagement

Vendor Management

Business Continuity Planning

Single Platform Meeting Business Requirement of CIO, CISO, CRO, CCO & CAO

2 Ongoing Innovation

Environmental Issues

Big Data and Analytics givesSolutions

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WMO’s Initiatives The Global Observing System (GOS) which

provides observations of the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface (including oceans) from the globe and from outer space. The GOS uses remote sensing equipment placed on satellites, aircraft, radios and relay data to environment control centres.

The Global Telecommunication System (GTS) — radio and telecommunication networks for real-time exchange of a huge volume of data between meteorological centres.

The Global Data Processing System (GDPS) — thousands of linked mini, micro and supercomputers, processes an enormous volume of meteorological data and generates warnings and forecasts


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Recommendations for Measuring, Monitoring and Managing Climate & Environmental

Change for Sustainable Development

The ICT sector, the Education sector and the Media must take an active role in disseminating information not only about the role of ICTs in mitigating climate change but also about the need for every person to reduce emissions of GHGs into the atmosphere.

Educational institutions must include climate change in their curriculum from the lowest level possible to the highest level.

ICT sector should develop affordable software tools that can measure the carbon foot print since it is expensive to import software which was developed elsewhere. It is recommended that each and every responsible company should have software tools which measure its carbon foot print. This is very important because its difficult to reduce the CO2 emissions if we cannot measure the carbon footprint


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Recommendations for Measuring, Monitoring and Managing Climate & Environmental

Change for Sustainable Development Governments should enact policies which make it mandatory for

companies to use some of the strategies proposed like tele-working, use of plastic money, e-commerce, e-agriculture, etc.

The solutions are e-commerce, virtual meetings and remote working, smart grid, smart motor systems, smart buildings, smart transportation, and dematerialization

Countries ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) must provide periodic country reports that include data on climate, climate change and climate change effects, and also details of the adaptive, mitigative and monitoring initiatives the country is implementing or is planning to implement. Effective monitoring and reporting (M&R) systems to collect all the different types of data from a wide variety of stakeholders are required in order to produce country reports and to develop climate change policies and plans.

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ICT to Mitigate Climate Change

1. infrastructure innovation which focuses on reducing energy consumption and Green House gases (GHGs). 2. Behavioral change and green enablement.- focuses on the need for global measurement and tracking of carbon reduction, as well as tools that impact positive behavioral change including software tools for measuring carbon footprint, and the use of innovative technologies and opportunities that reduce travel and transportation, such as those for virtual meetings, telecommuting, and on-line services (e.g. online-learning, eHealth, eTourism, eTaxation, eBanking and e-Agriculture). 3. Energy efficiency of ICT products and solutions-adopting green computing- computing which is basically environmentally sustainable computing. It has already been indicated that ICTs’ contribution to climate change is 2 %. This contribution must be monitored because the public will judge the whole sector as environmentally unfriendly if the sector does not address its own carbon footprint. First, this would impact ICT’s credibility. Second, the rapid increase and penetration of ICT products can, if no action is taken, result in increased energy demand (World Economic Forum, n.d.). The solutions are e-commerce, virtual meetings and remote working, smart grid, smart motor systems, smart buildings, smart transportation, and dematerialization

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Innovations for Environmental Management & Green Initiatives-Breaking the BarriersIndustrial SectorsBuilding & ConstructionChemical and Pharmaceutical IndustryAir-conditioning and Refrigeration IndustryAerospace IndustryMaterials Production and Manufacturing IndustryElectronics IndustryEnergy and Utility IndustryMachine Tool IndustryThermal IndustryLeather & Tanning IndustryTransportation IndustryAutomotive IndustryHealthcare IndustryEducation IndustryGovernment Industryetc

Green InitiativesIntelligent Buildings and solar EnergyPollution control New gas usage and New coolantsNew fuel standards to reduce carbon particles and air pollutionNew materials development and usageNew semiconductor materials and e-waste managementClean Energy InitiativesNew Coolants and Coolant's ManagementHeat radiation and control measuresNew ProcessesClean fuel usage and New technologies adoptionHospital waste management and BIO waste controlClimate control and climate change managementNew curriculum development at all levels of educationNew Policy INITIATIVES AND Global Standards adoption and Good practices guidelines and EnforcementBetter natural resources balancing and management

Five Innovations Set to

Transform Lives in the Future

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InnovationsPotential to change the way people work, live and interact during the next five years

The classroom will learn you Buying local will beat online Doctors will routinely use your DNA to keep

you well A digital guardian will protect you online The city will help you live in it

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2014 Forecasts

A new era of cognitive systems where machines will learn, reason and engage with us in a more natural and personalized way.

These innovations are beginning to emerge enabled by cloud computing, big data analytics and learning technologies all coming together, with the appropriate privacy and security considerations, for consumers, citizens, students and patients.

IBM 5-in-5 Forecast 2014

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Advances in Computers & Computing

Computers will get smarter and more customized through interactions with data, devices and people, helping us take on what may have been seen as unsolvable problems by using all the information that surrounds us and bringing the right insight or suggestion to our fingertips right when it’s most needed.

A new era in computing will lead to breakthroughs that will amplify human abilities, assist us in making good choices, look out for us and help us navigate our world in powerful new ways.

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Transformations Possible!

“By creating technology that is explicitly designed to learn and enhance our cognition we will usher in a new era of progress for both individuals and for society at large.”Dr. Dario Gil, Director, Cognitive Experience Lab, IBM

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The classroom will learn youBig Data Analytics & Learning

Technologies The number of individuals who don’t have a sufficient education is a major global

challenge. Estimates show that, on a global basis, nearly 2 out of every 3 adults have not achieved the equivalent of a high school education. What if a student could go through their entire stages of education and master the skills critical to meeting their personal goals in life? The classroom of the future will give educators the tools to learn about every student, providing them with a tailored curriculum from kindergarten to high school and on to employment.

In the next five years the classroom will learn about each student using longitudinal data such as test scores, attendance and student’s behavior on e-learning platforms, not just aptitude tests. Sophisticated analytics delivered over the cloud will provide decision support to teachers so they can predict students who are most at risk, their roadblocks, and then suggest measures to help students conquer their challenges based on their individual learning style. IBM scientists are already getting to work in the classroom.

In a first-of-a-kind research project with Gwinnett County Public Schools, the 14th largest school district in the US, IBM will leverage big data analytics and learning technologies for population analysis of longitudinal student records. The project aims to identify similarities of learning, predict performance and learning needs, then align specific content and successful teaching techniques to improve outcomes for each of the district’s 170,000 students and ultimately increase the district's graduation rate.

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Buying local will beat online Shopping online is a national past time. Online sales topped $1 trillion worldwide for

the first time last year, and are growing faster than in-store sales. Online stores currently have an advantage in their ability to learn from the choices we make on the web. Today, most physical stores are limited to the insights they can gain at the point of sale – and the trend of showrooming is making it harder to compete with online retailers who compete solely on price. In five years, new innovations will make buying local du jour once again. Savvy retailers will use the immediacy of the store and proximity to customers to create experiences that cannot be replicated by online-only retail. They will magnify the digital experience by bringing the web right to where the shopper can physically touch it.

In five years, retailers could rely on Watson-like technologies to equip sales associates to be expert about every product in the store. With technologies such as augmented reality and the recently announced plan to open Watson as an app development platform, IBM is providing shoppers’ with better in-store browsing and buying experiences.

As mobile devices supported by cloud computing enable individuals to share what makes them tick, their health or nutritional needs, virtual closets, social networks, retailers will soon be able to anticipate with incredible accuracy the products a shopper most wants and needs.

As a result, stores will transform into immersive destinations with experiences customized for each individual. And given their proximity and multiple footprints, stores will be able to offer shoppers a variety of fast pick-up or delivery options, wherever the customer is. Two day shipping will feel like snail mail.

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SMART HEALTHCAREUsing Cloud, Genomics, Analytics

Doctors will routinely use your DNA to keep you well Cancer is a complicated disease and despite tremendous advances in research and treatment, cancer

incidences have risen more than 10 percent since 2008, striking more than 14 million patients and claiming the lives of 8.1 million every year around the world. Imagine if treatment could be more specific and precise – where computers could help doctors understand how a tumor affects a patient down to their DNA and present a collective set of medications shown to best attack the cancer.

In five years, advances in big data analytics and emerging cloud-based cognitive systems coupled with breakthroughs in genomic research and testing could help doctors to accurately diagnose cancer and create personalized cancer treatment plans for millions of patients around the world. Smart machines will take the output of full genome sequencing and scour vast repositories of medical records and publications to learn and quickly provide specific and actionable insights on treatment options for oncologists. Cancer care, personalized right down to a genomic level, has been on the horizon since scientists first sequenced the human genome, but few clinicians have access to the tools and time to assess the insights available at this level.

Within five years, cloud-based cognitive systems could make such personalized medicine available at a scale and speed never before possible. IBM is beginning to explore this opportunity, working with health care partners to develop systems that could deliver genomic insights and reduce the time it takes to find the right treatment for a patient from weeks and months to days and minutes. These systems are destined to get even smarter over time by learning about people, their genomic information and response to drugs – opening up the possibility to provide DNA-specific personalized treatment options for conditions such as stroke and heart disease. Through the cloud, smarter healthcare could scale to reach more people in more locations, while also giving a global community of healthcare providers access to vital information.

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A digital Guardian will Protect you online

Today we have multiple IDs and devices than ever before, yet security is highly fragmented, leaving us vulnerable. In 2012 there were more than 12 million victims of identity fraud in the United States.

Traditional approaches to security — passwords, anti-virus or a firewall - are not comprehensive. These rules-based approaches fall short in several ways – they are designed to recognize only known viruses or known fraudulent activity and typically only look at a single source of data.

In five years, each of us could be protected with our own digital guardian that will become trained to focus on the people and items it is entrusted with, offering a new level of identity theft protection.

Security will assimilate contextual, situational and historical data to verify a person’s identity on different devices. By learning about users, a digital guardian can make inferences about what’s normal or reasonable activity and what’s not, acting as an advisor when they want it to.

Today, Scientists are using machine learning technologies to understand the behaviors of mobile devices on a network in order to assess potential risk.

In the future, security is going to become more agile and contextual with a 360 degree of data, devices and applications, ready to spot deviations that could be precursors to an attack and a stolen identity.

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The City will help you live in itTechnology, Citizen Driven

Governments By 2030, the towns and cities of the developing world will make up 80 percent of

urban humanity and by 2050, seven out of every 10 people will be a city dweller. In five years smarter cities understand in real time how billions of events occur as computers learn to understand what people need, what they like, what they do, and how they move from place to place.

Soon it will be possible for cities and their leaders to understand and digest new information freely provided by citizens, knowing which city resources are needed, where and when, so the city can dynamically optimize around the needs of the citizens. Mobile devices and social engagement will enable citizens to strike up a relationship with their city leaders.

This concept is already in motion, for example, in Brazil, IBM researchers are working on a crowdsourcing tool that allows users to report accessibility problems, via their mobile phones, to help people with disabilities better navigate challenges in urban streets.

While in Uganda, UNICEF is collaborating with IBM on a social engagement tool - http://www.research.ibm.com/articles/textual-analysis-u-report.shtml> that lets youth communicate with their government and community leaders on issues affecting their lives.

These types of tools will become commonplace in helping city leaders identify trending concerns or urgent matters and immediately take action where needed.

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