Recruitment and Selection Practices

Recruitment

• It is the first step of hiring process of employee.

• It is the process of attracting individuals on a timely basis, in sufficient numbers and with appropriate qualifications, and encouraging them to apply for jobs with an organization.

• It is a first contact of an organization with potential employees.

Goals of RecruitmentMainly there are two recruitment goals

[A] To attract qualified applicantsRecruiting process is used to create the pool of qualified applicants. qualified applicants are those applicants who are having abilities that are perfect match with the job requirements.

[B] To discourage non qualified applicantsSecond goal of recruitment is to avoid nonqualified applicants. Recruiting is based upon careful designing of the job description and job specification most of the applicants having irrelevant qualifications are eliminated from the list of potential applicants which makes recruiting process more effective and easier.

Constraints of Recruitment Process

• Image of the organization• Attractiveness of the job• Government Influence• Labour market Situation• Recruiting costs• Global issues

Diversity through Recruiting Efforts

• To offset the momentum of past discrimination in employment, firms must resort to additional recruitment approaches.

Affirmative Recruitment• A recruitment program that is designed to specifically attract women and

minorities is referred to as affirmative recruitment. • To ensure that an organization's recruitment program is nondiscriminatory, the

firm must analyze its recruitment procedures.• Each individual who engages in recruitment should be trained in the use of

objective, job-related standards. • With few exceptions, jobs must be open to all individuals.• When placing job orders with employment agencies, an organization should

emphasize its nondiscriminatory recruitment practices.• Organizations engaged in affirmative recruitment should develop contacts with

minority, women's, and other community organizations.

Factors Influencing the Recruitment Efforts

• Size of the organization : large or small• Type of position to be fulfilled: Higher or Lower• Employment Conditions in the community of the

organizational location: favorable or unfavorable• Size of Labor Market: Large or Small• Effectiveness of the past efforts to locate and retain

competent people• Turnover rate: high or low• Trend of organizational Growth: growing or decline

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Philosophy of the Recruitment

Major decision in performing the recruitment process is selection of sources from the available sources which are:

• Internal Recruitment• External Recruitment.

• Internal Source– Job Posting– Employee Referrals– HRIS– Hiring Employees:

second time around– Succession Planning

• External Sources– Advertising– Employment Agencies– Educational Institution– Unsolicited Applicants– Cyberspace Recruitment– Professional Associations– Employee Referrals– Head Hunting– Internship

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Advantages of Internal Recruitment:

1. Provides greater motivation for good performance.2. Provides greater opportunities for present employees3. Provides better opportunity to assess abilities4. Improves morale and organizational loyalty5. Enables employees to perform the new job with little lost time

Disadvantages of Internal Recruitment:

1. Creates a narrowing thinking and stale ideas2. Creates pressures to compete3. Creates homogeneous workforce4. Chances to miss good outside talent Requires strong management

development programs specially to train for technology.

Advantages of External Recruitment:1. Provides new ideas and new insights2. Provides greater diversity and helps achieve EEO goals by

making affirmative action easy3. Provides opportunities to handle rapid growth if the

organization4. Opportunities to get people with up-to-date knowledge

education and trainingDisadvantages of External Recruitment:1. It is more expensive and time consuming2. Destroys incentives of present employees to strive for

promotion3. More chances to commit hiring mistakes due to difficult

applicant assessment that will lead to wastage of resources.

Alternative to Recruitment

• Outsourcing• Contingent workers• Professional Employer Organization

(Employee Leasing)• Overtime

Recruitment - An applicant Perspective

• Applicant should be provided with necessary information regarding organization job, remuneration package etc.

• If rejection is to be communicated it should be done with tactics.

Inducting and Placing New HiresSocialization:Teaching the corporate culture and philosophies about how to do business

Assumptions about Socialization• Influences performance• Increases organizational stability• New members suffer anxiety• Does not occur in a vacuum

Employee orientation programs provide new employees with the basic background information required to perform their jobs satisfactorily.

The HR specialist usually performs the first part of the orientation by explaining basic matters, then introduces the new employee to his/her supervisor, who familiarizes the new employee with the workplace to help reduce first day jitters.

• Welcome party• On job training etc.

Purposes of Socialization

– The Employment Situation– Company Policies and Rules– Compensation and benefits – Corporate culture – Team membership– Job requirement– Dealing with the change

Socialization Process

Outcomes

Pre arrival Encounter Metamorphosis

Productivity

Commitment

Turnover

Who is responsible for the orientation of new employee?

– HRM Department– Supervisor– Peers– Organization Culture– CEO

Considerations in Developing a Socialization Programs

Formal or Informal : what kind of Program– Formal: special attention, management involved in designing the program, recruit

will learn in the way the management want them to, standard maintain– Informal: no special attention, directly put into work with other employees,

learning depends upon whom the recruit selects as mentorIndividual or collective:

– Individual: new employee will be socialized individually, time taking and costly process, new recruits will fail to share their anxieties with others who are in similar circumstance

– Collective: socialization will be in team, effective for large organization, new employees can share their feeling and come out with solution

Fixed or variable Period: – Fixed Period: transition from outsider to insider is fixed, such as 9 months

probation periods– Variable period: transition period is not fixed, basically applicable to managerial

level

Considerations in Developing a Socialization Programs

Serial or Disjunctive: who will guide them?– Serial: experienced organization member will guide the new

employees, maintain the tradition, customs of the organization, minimizes change in the organization

– Disjunctive: there will be no mentor to guide new employees, not burdened by traditions of the organization, more inventive and creative

Investiture and Divestiture– Investiture: individuals are selected for what they can do to the

organization, the organization doesn’t want them to change, provide greater freedom, basically for high level performance, socialization is to improve fit between candidates and the organization

– Divestiture: new employees are given heavy work loads to instill new set of values, norms and attitudes, used when organization wants to produce similar kind of employees, e.g. police academy