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HERBAL COSMETICS
Herbal products in cosmetics or herbs in cosmetics can also be referred as botanical origin products in cosmetics
Herbal cosmetics are defined as the beauty products which possess desirable physiological activities such as skin healing, smoothening , appearance, enhancing and conditioning properties because of herbal ingredients
Definition
For enhancing the appearance of the facial skin
For hair growth and care For skin care , especially in teenager Shampoo , powders , perfumery etc Miscellaneous products
Categories
Herbal products or herbs in cosmetics
Herbal products in cosmetics or herbs in cosmetics can also be referred as botanical origin products in cosmetics. Personal care products containing ingredients from the plant origin are finding an increasing receptive trend in the domestic as well as world market.
The herbal cosmetics are defined as the beauty products, which possess desirable physiological activities, such as skin healing, smoothning, appearance, enhancing and conditioning properties because of herbal ingredients.
The herbal cosmetics can be grouped into following major categories: 1. For hair growth and care. 2. for enhancing appearance of the facial skin.
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Herbs as cosmetics
The examples of herbs which are commonly used as cosmetics.
ALOE VERA GEL Aloe vera gel is obtained after eliminating the outermost tissue of the leaf of Aloe barbadenis.
Family: liliaceae Chemical Constituents: It is rich in water,
amino acids. Lipids, sterols, enzymes and in polysaccharides.
Uses: this gel is widely used in sun lotion, shaving creams, lip balms, healing ointments, face packs and hair conditioners.
AMLA Amla is a fresh and dried fruit of Emblica
officinalis.
Family: Euphorbiaceae. Chemical constituents:Amla contains
tannins.IT is a rich source of natural vitaminC, which is about 500-950 mg per 100gm of fresh pulp. It is destroyed on heating and drying in sun. the fruit is also a rich source of pectin and minerals like phosphorus, iron and calcium.
Uses: It is used as a antiviral and antifungal and also antioxidant properties.
Almond oil Almond oil is the fixed oil obtained by cold
expression from ripe seeds of Prunus dulcis. Family:Rosaceae Chemical constituents:Both the varities of
almond oil contain fixed oil, about 20% proteins, mucilage and emulsion. The chief constituents of fixed oil are oleic acid,linoleic acid and palmitic acid.
Uses: Almond oil is mainly used in cosmetology and dermatology and for many toilet articles.
BrahmiBrahmi consist of fresh and dried leaves and stem of
Centella asiatica.
Family:Umbeliferae
Chemical constituents: It contains essential oils, sterols, flavonol,glycoside and triterpenoid,saponins
Uses: it is used in treatment of surgical wounds and minor burns.
Alcoholic extract of the whole brahmi plant is reported to have anticancer activities.
CASTOR OIL
Castor oil is the fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Ricinus communis linn.
Family:Euphorbiaceae
Chemical constituents: The oil consist of mixture of glycerides in which 80-85%of the acids are saturated. Lauric and myristic are the major fatty acids.
Uses:It is used in cold creams and in the sun tan formulations.
EUCALYPTUS OILEucalyptus oil is a volatile obtained by
hydrodistillation from the scythe-shaped fresh leaves of Eucalyptus globules.
Family: Mrytaceae
Chemical constituents: Eucalyptus oil contains about 70-80%cineole,plus lesser amount of volatile aldehyde,terpenes,sesqyiterpenes,aromatic aldehyde,alcohol and phenols.
Uses: It have a antiseptic and healing properties.
HENNAIt consists of dried leaves of lawsonia anermis.
Family:Lythraceae.
Chemical constituents: The leaves contain soluble matter lawsone. This quinine dissolves in alkaline solution to give an intense orange red colour.henna leaves contains flavonoids, coumarins, and xanthones.
Uses: It is used as a colouring and cosmetic ingredient.
it is used in the treatment of skin ailments, burns and wounds.
Lemon oil It is obtained from the lemon peel by cold
expression, while lemon petitgrain oil is produced from leaves and twigs.
Uses: it is used as a fragrance ingredient in soaps, creams and perfumes.
NEEMNeem consists of the fresh or dried leaves and
seed oil of Azadirachta indica.Family: Melliaceae.
Chemical constituents: Neem leaves contains flavonoids,quercetin ,myrcetin, quercetin-3-galactoside, oxalic acid ,sterols,terpenoids.
Uses: It is used in the manufacture of shampoos. It is used in herbal hair oil, hair tonic and nail oil.
Biological source – Aloe Vera obtained after eliminating the outer most tissue of the leaf of Aloe barbadensis
Family - Liliaceae
ALOE VERA GEL
Geographical source Found in South Africa, West Indies and
India
Chemical constituents It contains water , amino acids, sterols
enzymes and polysaccharides , lipids
Cosmetic uses 1 Hydrating ingredients in creams 2 Extracts of aloin are used in sun cream
as emollients
Commercial Preparations Solid and liquid forms such as Aloe Vera juice Medicated jelly Medicated cream Heat rub Body lotion Moisturizer
Biological source – It is obtained from dried and fresh fruit of Emblica officinalis
Family - Euphorbiaceae
AMLA
Geographical source Found in Gujarat , Rajasthan , Maharashtra
Chemical constituents It contains vitamin c , tannins , pectin ,
minerals
Cosmetic uses Antifungal , Antibacterial , Antiviral ,
Antioxidant , Hair dyes , Hair conditioner
Commercial Preparations
Cosmetics Shampoo Hair oil
Preparation
Biological source - Fixed oil obtained by cold expression from ripe seeds of Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb var dulcis or var. amara (DC) Buchheim or a mixture of two varieties
Family - Rosaceae
ALMOND OIL
Geographical source Found in Greece , Italy , Spain
Chemical Constituent Contain fixed oil oleic , linoleic acid ,
Palmitic acid , mucilage , emulsion Cyanogenetic glycoside
Cosmetic use For dermatology , Flavoring agent For skin irritation
Commercial Preparations Anti wrinkle cream Herbal beauty care Moisturiser Hair lotion
BRAHMI
Biological source - Fresh and dried leaves of Centella asiatica (Sym. Hydrocotyl asiatica) , Bacopa monniera (Sym. Herpestis monniera)
Family - Umbelliferae
BRAHMI
Chemical Constituents Essential oil , flavanol , β amyrin
derivative (Asiaticoside and madecassoside)
Cosmetic use In dermatitis Anti ulcer activity Promote fibroblast proliferation and
collagen synthesis
Commercial Preparation
Brahmi oil Soft extract
ROSE OIL
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: volatile oil obtained by distillation in
copper alembic stills,from fresh flowers of Rosa damanscena,R.
gallica,R. alba & R.centifolia.
FAMILY:Rosaceae
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons,gerniol,citronellol,nerol & 2-phenylethanol.
USES: Perfumary industry and aromatherapy. Dermatology Itch relieving treatment in skin disorder.
SANDALWOOD OIL
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: obtained by steam distillation from the heartwood of satalum album.
FAMILY:Santalaceae
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: contains about 90-97% of sesqiterpene alcohol.Also contain acids,aldehydes & ketones.
USES: Used in cosmetology & perfumery. In prepration of soaps,creams & toilet
preprations.
SEENA LEAVES
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: consist of dried leaflets of Cassia acutifolia, Cassia angustifolia.
FAMILY:Leguminosecae
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Leaves,pods & roots contain rhein,chrysophanol,emodin,palmidine & glucoside.
USES:1. Powdered leaves in vinegar are applied to
wounds & burns & to remove pimples.
WINTERGREEN OIL
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: obtained by distillation of dried leaves of Gaultheria procumbens.
FAMILY: Ericaceae
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: methyl salicylate is main constituent formed from glycoside.It also contain an ester that hydrolyse into ethyl alcohol & acid.
USES:1. as flavours.2. as local irritant,antiseptic.
MARIGOLD BIOLOGICAL SOURCE : Calendule officinalis Linn
FAMILY : Asteraceae
Chemical constituents
Contains flavonoids , carotenes, xanthophyll, and essential oil (containing sesquiterpenoids derivatives ; mono, di and trihydrated derivativs free or ester form terpenoids)
Uses Skin orders Protective agents ( for cracks and
abrassion) Emolient and hydrating agent in lotion , creams, soaps
NEEM Biological Source : Azadirachta indica Family: Melliaceae
Chemical constituents Contains flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin,
myriccetin,quercetin-3-glactoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside,myricetin-3-arabinoside),oxalic acid,steroids,terpenoids,sterols and nimbolide.
The seeds and seed oil contains many bitter limonoids including nimbin, nimbibin, salanin etc.
uses
In skin disoders :- eczema, ring worm infections,scabies
In manufacturing of shampoo, herbal hair oil,hair tonic and nail oil.
OLIVE OIL Biological Source: Ripe fruits of Olea eurpoea linn Family : oleaceae
Chemical constituents Oleic acid (56-855%), linoleic acid (3.5-
20.0%), palmitic (7.5-20%) and stearic acid (0.5-
5%), Also contain volatile c6 alcohol( hexanol, E-
2- hexanol,2-3 hexenol) (c6), aldehydeand acetylated esters..
uses Used in cometology and pharmaceutical
industry for its demulcent and emolient properties.
Used in soaps and face creams .
ROSEMARY OIL Biological source: flowering tops of leafy twigs of Rosmarinus
officinalis
Family : labitaeace
Chemical constituents Contains monoterpene hydrocarbons eg:- -pinene and camphene .8-6% esters mainly bornyl acetate 8-20% alcohols mainly borneol and cineole and phenolic
compounds represented by flavonoids (glycosides of luteolin and methoxylated flavones) and phenolic acids ( rose –marinic acid).
Uses In perfumery industry Aromatherapy In cosmetology because of its antioxidant
activity Used to facilitate the tissue damage and
restoring the healthy status of the skin.