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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO group of companies
Th. Heimann Holding GmbH & Co. KG
HeicoBefestigungstechnik GmbH
HeicoUmformtechnik GmbH
HeicoInternational GmbH
Heico France S.A.R.L.France
Heico Fasteners UK, LtdUK
Heico Fasteners S.A.Spain
Heico Fasteners 2 ESCzech Republic
Heico Fasteners Ltd,USA
Heico Fasteners ChinaChina
Heico Schweiz AG,Switzerland
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO Umformtechnik
HEICO France, F
HEICO 2ES, CZ
HEICO Fasteners S.A., E
HEICO Fasteners, China
HEICO Fasteners, UK
HEICO Fasteners, USA
HEICO Befestigungstechnik
HEICO worldwide
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Precision in detail
Cold Formed Parts are manufactured in production quantities from Ø 3 to 16 and up to 100 mm long.
The following products are produced:
Solid parts Semi-tubular parts Hollow parts Threaded parts Shoulder rivets Ball studs Metal / Plastic parts
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Further services packing to KLT or cardboard
packaging
camera sorting
Inhouse
Annealing plant stress relief annealing recrystallisation annealing
production and technology
Electroplating laundering facility
Nickel baths Brass baths Copper baths Zinc baths
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Surface treatments Zinc flake coatings
Delta Seal / Delta Protect Dacromet
Zinc-nickel Zinc-iron Phosphating special surfaces upon request
Heat treatments annealing carburizing tempering carbonitriding inductive hardening
production and technology
Further treatments camera sorting thread coatings
…together with certified…
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Böhme & Weihs CAQ system
CNC measuring tools
contours testing equipment
hardness testing equipment
Colorimeter
metallographical researches
project tracking tools (APQP)
Junker vibration test machines
Video measuring system (Mitutoyo)
Finite Elements simulations
Quality for the most demanding applications
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Certifications
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
References
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washersHEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
The HEICO-LOCK WEDGE LOCK WASHERS consists of a pair of
washers with a wedge-locking action, which is a unique method
that uses tension instead of friction. The key is the difference in
angels. Since the cam angle is larger than the thread pitch, the
pair of washers expand more than the corresponding pitch of the
thread.
HEICO-LOCK washers positively lock the fastener in a joint which is
subjected to extreme vibration or dynamic loads.
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
• HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers offer high quality, high value bolting system
• for demanding bolted fastening applications • a proven fastening system, working at low and high preload levels • a bolt securing system providing exceptional resistance to vibration loosening and dynamic loads – safe in both dry and lubricated conditions.
• Consistent reusability without loss of function and quality
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
• Ease of assembly and disassembly (already pre-assembled pair of washers)
• Working with structual grade and high tensile bolts and nuts (8.8, 10.9, 12.9)
• readily available in steel and stainless steel – other materials available on request
• available in two versions – standard and enlarged outside diameter
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
General Bolt Theory
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Why nuts and bolts are used
Nuts and bolts have great holding power and allow rapid assembly and
disassembly
Relatively low torque can lead to high clamping force which can firmly
hold assemblies together
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Two Major Reasons for Failure
Self loosening due to dynamic or vibrating loads improper preloading
Resulting in…• Loss of Clamp Load• Unwanted Movement in Joint• Eventual Bolt Failure
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Limitations of Friction Based Fasteners
• Joints loosen due to dynamic or vibrating loads
• Advantages of lubrication not utilized
• Difficult to achieve adequate or accurate clamping force
• Often time consuming to assemble (increased costs)
• Possibility of damaging bolt threads
• Typically non reusable
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Advantages of using HEICO-LOCK
• Maximum Safety and Security•
• Resists Loosening of Vibrating and Dynamic Loads
• Ease of Assembly and Disassembly
• Locking Function not Lost with Lubrication
• Controllable Preloads
• Positive Locking at Low and High Preload Levels
• No Hydrogen Embrittlement or Chromate Contamination
• No Special Tool Requirements
• Reusable
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
The rise of the cams α
between HEICO-LOCK
wedge lock washers is
greater than the pitch β
of the bolt.
Tension and Geometry
α
β
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
• Cams with blocking wedge effect on inner surface of the lock washer, radial teeth on
the outer surface
• Gripping and seating of radial teeth in mating surfaces when tightening
• Stress only appears inside the inner key faces
• Washers already glued in pairs (to avoid assembly errors)
Concept of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
key faces on inner surface radial teeth on
outer surface
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
2. Angle differnce: α > β
• The rise of the cams α between HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers is greater than the pitch β of the bolt.
• The elongation of the thickness of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers is larger than the potential movement of the the bolt along the pitch. The lock washer prevents the bolt/nut from loosening due to vibration and the bolt/nut is locked safely in place.
α
β
HHEICO
HMaterial
1. Hardness dfference: HHEICO > HMaterial
• The hardness of the Heico-Lock washer should exceed the hardness of the mating surfaces and is higher than structural grade and high tensile bolts and nuts (8.8, 10.9 an 12.9).
• Radial teeth/ridges on the outside of the washer grip into and seat the mating surface in the tightening process.
Concept of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
4. Preload difference: Fdyn > Fstat
• Loosening the bolt causes the pair of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers to expand. The result is an increase in the clamping force.
• The expansion of the pair or washers increases the pre-load and locks the fastener securely, even when subjected to extreme vibration and dynamic loads.
• Large O.D. HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers are recommended for use on large/long holes (for example with flange nuts or screws), painted surfaces or soft materials, for example aluminum.
3. Friction difference: µo > µi
• The cams on the separation plane (joint face) of the individual washers of the pair show a much lower friction coefficient µ i than the friction coefficient on the radial ridges on the outside of the pair of washers µo)
• Any loosening through a dynamic load will always lead to movement
only across the face of the cams of the washers
μo
μi
Concept of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Examples of appliance of the wedge lock washers
Through bolt- secure on both sides -
Bolt secured- in stud hole -
Stud bolt secured- without glueing -
Allen head screw© secured - in sinkhole -
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO-LOCK dimensions
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Drawing of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washer (HEICO-LOCK HLS-… , standard)
3D-files also available upon request
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Drawing of HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washer (HEICO-LOCK HLB-… , large O.D. )
3D-files also available upon request
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
The Junker Vibration Test
The Junker jarring test principle
The Junker vibration test
meeting DIN 65151 is an
excellent method for testing
and comparing the security of
bolted joints. In a Junker test the
bolted joint is subjected to
transverse movements while the
tension is being continuously
measured by a load cell.
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
• Tighten the bolted joint at 50 % of recommended preload
• Use light lubricant with a viscosity similar to SAE 30
• Run vibration test until either total loss of preload or stop after 2,000 cycles
• Measure and collect preload, axial movement and vibration cycles
• Determine function of wedge lock washer either by total loss of preload under
2,000 cycles or measure and establish the percentage of loss of preload after
2,000 cycles
• Durability of the bolted joint is sufficient if 80 % of initial preload is retained
DIN 25201-4: 2010-03 Test Procedures
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Junker Vibration Test
• Illustration at full pre-load (18 kN)
• Every washer was tested four times in succession
• HEICO-LOCK HLS-8 red line
• HEICO-LOCK HLB-8 blue line
• The results are continuous
Junker Vibration Test (Hamburg, 2010-03-04) HEICO-LOCK M8 (narrow & broad)
blue line = HEICO-LOCK HLB-8 (M8 ; large O.D.)red line = HEICO-LOCK HLS-8 (M8 ; small)
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Junker Vibration Test
• Each washer was tested for ≥ 2.000 cycles HEICO-LOCK HLS-8
• The results are continuous the recoverability is proven
• The official test report from the university of applied sciences Cologne is available
Junker Vibration Test (Cologne, 2010-04-19) HEICO-LOCK M8 (narrow)
Test bench of university of applied sciences Cologne
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO-LOCK wedge lock washers product list
…additional sizes as well as other alloys are available upon request.
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Processing machinery
Automotive
Railway
Application examples for wedge lock washers
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
Wind power
Agriculture & Forestry
Miscellaneous applications
Application examples for wedge lock washers
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© 2012 HEICO Unternehmensgruppe
HEICO