GSM ROBOT WITH CCTV CAMERA

By:- G8

ASHUTOSH SAHU

PARUL GUPTA

VAIBHAV UPADHYAY

SHIVAM HARSH

Under the guidance of:-Mr.M.K.Saxena

UNITED COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH, ALLAHABAD

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION GSM ROBOT CCTV CAMERA CIRCUITRY OF ROBOT BLOCK DIAGRAMS FUNCTIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS

INTRODUCTION

For any country its defence system is of prime importance. Billions of Rupees are spend each year by a country to improve its defence infrastructure.

This project aims at making a low-cost gsm robot with cctv camera which can be used to penetrate into enemy’s defence system and revealing very important and confidential information.

Not only this it can also be used for surveillance and various weapons can also be fitted to make it aggressive enough.

FEATURES

This Robot transmits visual as well as audio feeds which can be seen on a Television set or on a Computer.

The robot can be manoeuvred wirelessly from a safe distance.

It also has a camera adjustment feature which increases its efficiency as well as field of view.

It can keep an eye in all possible directions.

GSM ROBOT

GSM basically stands for (Global system for mobile commu- nications). It is basically a standard used to describe protocols for 2nd

generation digital cellular networks used in mobiles. GSM robots are robots which uses this technology for comm- unications purposes. Its basically works in frequency ranges of (900-

2100 Mhz).

CCTV CAMERAS CCTV basically stands for (clo- sed circuit television cameras). These cameras can produce im- ages or recordings for surveilla- nce purposes. These camera basically works on sending the signals either analog or digitals. These signals are generally sto- red in devices such as video tape recorders or desktops.

CIRCUITRY OF THE ROBOT

Wireless Section which includes transmitter, receiver, encoder, decoder, antennas etc.

Video -Audio Transmission and Reception that includes camera its transmitter, receiver and the displaying devices like TV set, Computer etc.

Motor driving section including motor driver ICs , motors etc.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

FUNCTIONS

SWITCHES: This part controls the motion of the robot and the camera.

ENCODER: This part converts the states of the switches into an encrypted data that can be transmitted over RF channels. The encoder used here is HT12E which can be used to encrypt 4 bit data.

TRANSMITTER: This part takes the encrypted data from encoder and transmits it in form of RF Waves. The transmitter used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-TX Modules.

RECEIVER: It receives the encrypted

data in form of RF waves and converts it into electronic signals. The receiver used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-RX modules.

DECODER: This part decrypts the data to yield the states of the switches. The output of this IC is in a 4 bit format. This data is fed into the microcontroller.

POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 9V power supply source and a power regulator (7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the transmitter and the encoder.

VIDEO & AUDIO TRANSMISSION

BLOCK DIAGRAM

CAMERA CODEC

POWER SUPPLY & REGULATOR

FM MODULATOR

TRANSMITTER

CAMERA

Camera typically include a lens, an image sensor, and some support electronics.

Support electronics are present to read the image from the sensor and transmit it to the host computer or to the TV Set.

Lens used in the cameras can be of two types : Plastic Lens : that can be screwed in and out to set

the camera's focus.   Fixed focus lenses : which have no provision for

adjustment. An Image Sensor is a device that converts an

optical image to an electric signal. Image Sensor can be of two types :- CCD (Charge Coupled Device) : A CCD is an analog

device. When light strikes the chip it is held as a small electrical charge in each photo sensor. The charges are converted to voltage one pixel at a time as they are read from the chip.

LENS IMAGE SENSOR

ANALOG –DIGITAL

CONERTORAMPLIFIER

CMOS(Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor ): A CMOS chip is a type of active pixel sensor made using the CMOS semiconductor process. Extra circuitry next to each photo sensor converts the light energy to a voltage.

CMOS can potentially be implemented with fewer components, use less power, and/or provide faster readout than CCDs.

In CMOS the sensor and the supporting electronics are built on a single silicon chip therefore CMOS sensors are less expensive to manufacture than CCD sensors.

In both type of sensors the weak signal created by the sensors is amplified before being encoded into analog signals for use by the viewfinder and monitor outputs, and also encoded into digital signals for transmission and recording. 

CODEC is a device or computer program capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream or signal.

A video camera's analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converts its analog signals into digital signals, which are then passed through a video compressor for digital transmission or storage. A receiving device then runs the signal through a video decompressor, then a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for analog display. 

An audio codec converts analog audio signals into digital signals for transmission or storage. A receiving device then converts the digital signals back to analog using an audio decompressor, for playback.

MODULATOR : performs the necessary modulation technique for the transmission of information .

TRANSMITTER : transmits the information through the antenna.

RECEPTION

RECEIVER

DEMODULA- - TOR

DECOMPRESSOR

DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTOR

DISPLAY DEVICE

MOTOR DRIVING

The different components needed to drive the bot are:

D.C. Gear motors . Motor driver IC (L293D).

L293D

The L293 is an integrated circuit motor driver that can be used for simultaneous, bi-directional control of two small motors. It contains H-Bridge circuitry in itself .

An H bridge is an electronic circuit which enables a voltage to be applied across a load in either direction. H bridges are available as integrated circuits, or can be built from discrete components.

L293D inputs are compatible and therefore it take the inputs from microcontroller and amplifies their power to control the motors.

D.C. MOTORS

A GEARED DC motor is designed to run on DC electric power. The most common DC motor types are the brushed and brushless types, which use internal and external commutation respectively to create an oscillating AC current from the DC source—so they are not purely DC machines in a strict sense.

ADVANTAGES

Modernizes the entire defence system. It is simple to operate and is very reliable. It saves life of many soldiers as manual spying

poses grave danger. It entirely destructs the defence system of

enemy. It can also be used for safe transportation of

goods in a war prone zone. Man-power involved in spying is highly reduced

and so is the risk. The cost of war is greatly reduced. Various weapons can also be fitted in it to make

it aggressive enough.

DISADVANTAGES

Cell phone bill. Mobile batteries drain out early so charging

problem. Cost of project if Cell phone cost included. Not flexible with all cell phones as only a

particular ,cell phone whose earpiece is attached can only be used

APPLICATIONS It is a very low cost Spy Robot fitted with a wireless camera which

sends visual and audio feed to be seen on a TV/Computer. It can be used to collect data and creating a data base for various

purposes like weather monitoring fumigation etc. Just by adding a moving hand it can be modified to make an anti-

land mine rover which can destroy land Mines. It has a detachable wireless camera module which can be

removed and then can be used as CCTV camera for surveillance purposes.

It can be used for transportation of goods safely from one place to another in a war prone zone.(since it does not require any manual presence)

It can be fitted with a gun and can be used as a military combat robot.

When fitted with an Infra Red Camera it can be used as a Night vision spy robot capable of detecting and destroying opponents even in the darkness of the night.

It has been made small such that it can be used to explore small inaccessible places like air ducts, ventilation pipes.