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Joya Burns
Libro de Gramatica(Spanish Grammar Book)
Concept Page #
Preterite 3
-car, -gar, -zar 4
SPOCK 5
Cucaracha 6
7
Modal Verbs 8
Los Adverbios 9
Progressive Tense 10
Table of Contents
PreteriteIrregulares
-Car, –Gar, -Zar
Tocar Jugar comenzar
Toque Jugue Comence
Tocaste Jugaste Comenzaste
Toco Jugo Comenzo
tocamos jugamos comenzamos
tocaron jugaron comenzaron
**spelling change in 1st person only
SPOCK
Cucaracha
snake something?
Modal verbs Conjugate and pair the modal verb with an infinitive to get a new meaning.
Vocab Meaning
Deber Should, ought to, must
Desear To desire
Necesitar To need
Poder Can, could, might, be able to
querer Want, would like to
Saber Usually, used to
soler Know, know how to
ir+a+infinitive (going to do something)
poder+infinitive (are able to do something)
querer+infinitive (want to do something)
deber+infinitive (should do something)
tener que+infinitive (to have to do something)
soler+infinitive (to be accustomed to)
necesitar+infinitive (to need something)
Los Adverbios Most Spanish adverbs are formed by adding -mente to the feminine singular form of the adjective. This ending corresponds to -ly in English.
Adj. Fem. form Adv.
claro clara claramente
constante constanteconstantemente
difícil difícil difícilmente
‣When two adverbs modify the same verb, only the second one uses the -mente ending. Note that the first adverb is the same as the feminine singular form of the adjective.
Progressive Tense....present
the present progressive is only used to describe an action that is in the process of taking place. It is not used for future actions
To form the present progressive in Spanish, combine a form of "estar" with the present participle.
comer: comiendo(comer - er + iendo)hacer: haciendo
(hacer - er + iendo)vivir: viviendo(vivir - ir + iendo)escribir: escribiendo
(escribir - ir + iendo)
hablar: hablando(hablar - ar + ando)trabajar: trabajando
(trabajar - ar + ando)estudiar: estudiando(estudiar - ar + ando)
Participles....past
To form the past participle, simply drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and add -ado (for -ar verbs) or -ido (for -er, -ir verbs).
They were studying. Ellos estaban estudiando ahora.We were selling a novel Estábamos vendiendo una novela.He was eating a lot. Él estaba comiendo mucho.She was leaving in two days. Estaba partiendo en dos días.