JOHN GARCIALINA RESTREPO

When no special knowledge is required in the context to calculate additional conveyed meaning.

Any phrase with an indefinite article of the type “a/ an”

I was sitting in a garden one day. A child looked over the fence.

The Implicatures Calculate if the speaker was capable of being more specific, more informative.

In terms, for expressing quantity, certain information is always communicated by choosing a word which expresses one value from a scale of values.

All, most, many, some, few. Always, often, sometimes.

When producing a expression, a speakers selects the word from the scale which is the most informative and truthful (quality and quantity) in the circumstances, as in.

I am studying linguistics and I´ve completed some of the required courses.

Not most, not many.

There are many scalar implicatures produced by the use of expressions that we may not immediately consider to be a part of any scale.

It´s is possible that they were delayed.

Not certain.

This should be stored in a cool place. Not must.

One noticeable feature of scalar implicatures is that when speakers correct themselves on some detail, as in they typically cancel one of the scalar implicatures.

I got some of this jewerly in Hong Kong. Um actually

I think I got most of it there.

Not most and still to be interpreted with a scalar, Not All.

A particularized conversational implicature is one which depends

on particular features of the context.

Rich: Hey, coming to he wild party tonight?

Tom: my parents are visiting.

Our conversations take place in very specific contexts in which locally recognized inferences are assumed.

Ann: Where are you going with the dog?

Sam: To the V-E-T.

The speakers appears not to adhere to (to flout) the maxim of manner

Leila: Whoa!! Has your boss gone crazy?

Mary: Let`s go get some coffe.

( non-relevant remark)

Bert: Do vegetarians eat hamburguers?

Ernie:Do chicken have lips?

The response initially appear to flout relevance

The implicatures are part of what is communicated and not said. ( the speakers can deny).

“Conversational implicatures are deniable.”

We hear the utterances and attempt to maintain the asumption of

cooperative interaction.

The conversational implicatures: can be calculated, suspended, cancelled and reinforced.

You have won five dollars! (only five) You`ve won at least five dollars!. You`ve won five dollars, in fact, you`ve

won ten!. You`ve won five dollars, that`s four

more than one!.